range characteristics 中文意思是什麼

This paper deriving the theory work inflection point in the static stage characteristics curve of small measurement range linear dimension measurement. by the way of high pressure and back pressure pneumatic measure and designed the parameter of the mainly and measure spray head, which are the key component in the spray head - baffle pneumatic sensor. the different groups for the main - spray head and the measure spray head, will effect the dynamic and static stage characteristic parameter. the author have done contrast experiment and optimization design to test and verify the theory derivation whereby made the rang of show valve of pneumatic measure system measure range up to 40 u m, the sensitivity up to 100mv / u m, resolution up to 0. 05 p m, the uncertainly of measure is less than 0. o2 u m, satisfaction of requirement of groups the carboy hatch thickness size precise measure of soft shims

對高壓背壓式氣動測量用於小量程線性尺寸測量的靜態特性曲線的理論工作拐點進行了推導，對氣動測量系統中的噴嘴-擋板型氣動傳感器中的關鍵部件? ?主噴嘴和測量噴嘴的參數進行了理論設計，對主噴嘴和測量噴嘴的不同組合，將影響測量系統靜、動態特性指標的噴嘴參數進行了對比實驗和優化設計，並通過實驗驗證了理論推導，從而使氣動測量系統量程的示值范圍達到40 m ，靈敏度達到100mv m ，解析度達到0 . 05 m ，測量不確定度小於0 . 2 m ，滿足了壓縮機缸蓋軟體墊片厚度尺寸精密測量分組的要求。

Propagation characteristics of the pc3 frequency range pulsation in the cusp latitudes

3頻段脈動的傳播特性

And apatite. by these analyses and comparison with general granite both in china and the world and with the granite in other au or cu belt in china, the characteristics of the granite in this area are concluded as follows. it belongs to magnetite - i or syntectic granite and has crust - mantle mixed characteristics ; it was formed mainly by crystallization differentiation of melting magma and multiphase varied intrusion ; the degree of differentiation evolvement is not high ; the granite and its enclaves p. re congenetic ; the range of temperature is about 500 - 700, the range of pressure is about 2. 50 gpa - 4. 35 gpa, and the range of oxygen fugacity ( lg fo2 ) is - 15. 53 - - 14. 00 ; most granite bodies formed before the collision of plates, and few formed after the collision of plates

通過對測試數據的分析與綜合研究，並同中國和世界一般花崗巖類以及中國主要金、銅成礦巖體的花崗巖類進行對比，得出本區花崗巖類巖石具有以下特徵：屬磁鐵礦-型或同熔型花崗巖，其巖漿物質具殼幔混源特徵：主要由熔融態巖漿經結晶分異作用，通過多期變速上侵而形成；其分異演化程度較低；寄主巖基和包體具有同源性；巖石的形成溫度范圍約為500 - 700 ，壓力大約為2 . 50gpa - 4 . 35gpa ，氧逸度值1gfo _ 2為- 15 . 53 ? 14 . 00 ；該巖帶主要形成於板塊碰撞前消減的活動板塊邊緣期，為燕山至喜馬拉雅早期的大陸邊緣火山弧環境的產物。

Petrological characteristics and tectonic implications of the tahe gabbro in the northern part of the great xing ' an range

大興安嶺北段塔河輝長巖的巖石學特徵及其構造意義

Trajectory characteristics of hypersonic waverider missile with rocket extended range

火箭增程乘波外形導彈彈道特性研究

Having analyzed preliminarily formation mechanism of these common characteristics of anomaly, it concludes that : these are results, controlled by basically united tectonic stress field of large - range, caused by stress - strain accumulation and certain phase strong earthquakes, according to deformation difference brought about in tectonic position along the boundary zone and within second - order faults of active blocks resulted from unstable and inharmonious features for movement of block system at different levels and deformation of boundary

分析這些異常共性特徵的形成機制，初步認為：是在基本統一的大區域構造應力場控制下，不同層次塊體系統運動及其邊界帶變形的非平穩、非協調性，在活動地塊邊界地帶和地塊內部次級斷裂構造部位產生變形差異而導致應力-應變積累、孕育強震到一定階段的結果。

Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。

Characteristics and application range of bonded permanent magnet

產品特點及適用范圍

The specific characteristics of limit errors in close range photogrammetry

近景攝影測量限差的特殊性

The absorption characteristics was that the surface plasma absorption peak appeared around 570 nm shifted to a short wavelength and strengthened as the cu composition increased. but the maximal shift range of the absorption - edge preponderated over 500 nm, and leaded that the dipolar plasma resonance absorption peak were covered up and gradually disappeared in the absorption spectrum. we theoretically explained the mechanism of the modulating action

實驗觀察到cu表面等離子體共振吸收峰位在570lun附近的吸收邊頻移量超過了500nln .理論分析表明，吸收峰位的移動主要源於偶極共振，而峰形的寬化主要由納米粒子的表面效應和量子尺寸效應引起

[ conclusion ] the system was featured by characteristics of low - price, ease of manipulation, wide range for practical application and large space for continual self - development. so it has a high value of feasibility for clinical and educational practice in prosthodontics in china

結論該系統具有成本低廉、操作維護簡易、使用范圍廣和延伸擴展空間大的特點，在國內的口腔修復學臨床和教學中有較高的使用價值和深遠的意義。

The characteristics of high pressure gyratory sprayed pumping discusses is presented, which is applicable in wide range of scope and ground layers, convenient for construction, long durability, wide source of materials. mechanism for subgrade strengthening : complex foundation of cement solid and earth between piles was formed by pulsant load of flowing pressure and spraying flow, water wallop, cavitation phenomenon, water wedge effect, extrusion force and air flow agitation etc so as to enhance foundation bearing force and reduce settlement and deformation

高壓旋噴注漿技術具有適用范圍、適用地層較廣，施工方便，耐久性好，材料廣闊等特點；其加固地基機理主要是通過流動壓、噴射流的脈動負荷、水塊的沖擊力、空穴現象、水楔效應、擠壓力、氣流攪動等效應形成水泥固結體與樁間土的復合地基，從而提高地基承載力，減少沉降變形。

This paper uses for reference with an example of frame - shear wall structure and studies the conceptual design and method for optimizationof structural system. through establishing frame - shear wall structure unisonous differential eguation and finding a result, the side shifting curve, moment and shear force distribution curve are obtained under inverted triangle load action on the frame - shear wall structure. after analyzing and comparing, the range of best rigid characteristics for such structure has be gotten

本文結合框架-剪力墻實例，研討了結構體系的概念設計和整體優化方法。通過建立框-剪結構協同工作的微分方程及求解，得出框-剪結構在倒三角形荷載作用下的側移曲線、彎矩、剪力分佈曲線，經分析對比，得出框-剪結構最佳剛度特徵值區間。

The dissertation firstly discusses the reflectance of euv and soft x - ray in " multilayer system based on classical electrodynamics and optical characteristics of materials. the nns surface roughness in different spatial frequency range is carefully studied since scattering can seriously reduce the reflectance in euv and soft x - ray wavelength region. we discuss representative model of residual stress in

首先從材料在極紫外、軟x射線波段的光學特性出發，討論了極紫外、軟x射線在理想和非理想多層膜系中的反射特性；研究了影響極紫外、軟x射線多層膜反射率的表面粗糙度的空間頻率范圍；重點探討了多層膜殘余應力的典型模型、應力形成機制以及薄膜的形成過程。

Thus, it can be clearly recognized that the global continents located at near equator and southern hemisphere, showed the characteristics of range along latitude ; chinese continental blocks still located among the laurentia, siberia and gondwana in paleozoic ; following the fast moving of siberia plate to northwards, the amalgamation in north - south direction at the western parts of laurentia and gondwana, subducted the lapetus and rheic oceans, until to form the uniform pangea in the late stage of paleozoic ; however australia and india plates in eastern gondwana move and disperse gradually to southwards, to extend crust and form the paleo - tethys ocean ; the chinese continental blocks and adjacent blocks still located in paleo - tethys ocean, preserved the status of dispersion, gradually moving to northwards, showed the characteristics of range along north - south orientation, until carboniferous and triassic a series of local collisions happened in tianshan - hing ' anling, kunlun, qinling - dabie, jingshajiang and shaoxing - shiwandashan zones, thus the most part of chinese continental blocks amalgamated to eurasia continent

由此可以清晰地看出，在古生代早期全球各大陸的主要部分都位於赤道附近及南半球，大致表現為沿緯度、呈東西向排列的特徵，中國及鄰區的小陸塊群在古生代始終都處在勞倫大陸、西伯利亞與岡瓦納大陸之間；隨著西伯利亞大陸的快速北移，在勞倫大陸與岡瓦納大陸的西部地區發生南北向拼合，亞皮特斯洋和里克洋的消亡，到古生代晚期形成統一的泛大陸；而岡瓦納大陸的東部（澳大利亞和印度等）則逐漸向南移動、離散，地殼張開，構成古特提斯洋；中國及鄰區的小陸塊群則一直處在古特提斯洋中，保持離散狀態，總體上緩慢地向北運移，並逐漸轉為近南北向的排列方式，石炭紀到三疊紀才在天山興安嶺、昆侖山、秦嶺大別、金沙江和紹興十萬大山等地段發生一系列局部性的陸陸碰撞，使中國大陸地塊的大部分逐漸併入歐亞大陸。

Third, based on the guarantee code and citing the related articles from the corporation code, the receipt code, the insurance code and the copyright code, the author discusses the range and classification of the pledge rights over rights. also in this part, the author gives some new ideas about the set and realization of the pledge rights over security creditor ' s rights, the characteristics of the pledge rights over genral creditor ' s rights, the set and effect of the pledge rights over stock, the punitive restrictions in the pledge rights over knowledge and the characters of the pledge rights over immovables ' profit

第三，以我國《擔保法》為主，結合《公司法》 、 《票據法》 、 《著作權法》等法律的相關規定，對權利質權的法定范圍和種類進行了論述。在分析了權利質權和動產質權的異同點后，闡述了權利質權的特點和種類。在證券質權的設定既實現、一般債權質權出質人的權利特點、股份質權的設定及效力、知識產權質權的處分限制、不動產收益質權的性質等方面提出了很多獨到的見解。

The correct understanding of shaping characteristics of cold dishes, such as distinct themes, outstanding artistic conception, standardized shaping, exquisite preparation, wide range of subjects and rich connotation, and the study of common patterns of cold dish shaping on different subjects are of great significance for enriching cold dish shaping theory, reviewing its technological system and helping culinary working staff to realize a qualitative leap in cold dish shaping skills

正確認識冷盤造型主題鮮明、意境突出，造型規? 、製作精工，題材廣泛、內涵豐富的特點，探討不同類別題材的冷盤造型的一般規律，對豐富冷盤造型理論與技術體系方面的研究，對幫助烹飪從業人員實現冷盤造型技藝質的飛躍，具有重要的意義。

Experiment indicates that the system has fast - speed, high precision, small bulk and dynamic range and well - extensible characteristics

實驗表明該系統具有對焦速度快、范圍大、對焦精確，系統精度高、體積小，可擴充性好的特點。

According to the guidline, two nd : yag lasers have been designed and set up, one is end - pumped by lower output power ld using a selfoc micro lens, and the other is end - pumped by high output power ld using a pair of lenses are designed, and the characteristics such as output power and power stabilization of both solid - state lasers are investigated. thirdly, when an empty liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of the nd : yag laser pumped by high power ld, the laser can operates in single axial mode. finally, according to the relationship between the laser output power and the longnitudinal a ld - end - pumped nd : yag laser sensor for displacement measurement has been investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimently, the results indicate that when the mean radius of pumping inside the laser cavity is far less than that of the oscilating laser mode, the exponential of the output power is a gauss function of the longitudinal positon of focused spot of ld pumping beam, both the measurement range and the sensitivity are dependent on the incident pumping power, as the incident pumping power is increased, the measurement range is enlarged and the sensitivity is improve d

本文首先介紹了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的發展狀況、主要特性及其應用，從四能級速率方程出發，推導了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的閾值、輸出功率和斜效率的表達式，並簡述了激光器的工作原理、結構型式和倍頻方法；其次，以空間相關的速率方程為基礎，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光器的設計方法，給出了一定泵浦耦合方式下，振蕩光模尺寸、最佳輸出耦合率、泵浦光模尺寸、泵浦光焦斑位置等參數的選取依據，以此為依據，設計了自聚焦透鏡耦合小功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器和透鏡組耦合高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器，對激光器的輸出功率和功率穩定性等特性進行了實驗研究；再次，在帶尾纖輸出的高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光腔內插入一隻空液晶盒，觀察到了激光器以單縱模運轉；最後，根據泵浦光焦斑端面位置對激光輸出功率的影響規律，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光位移傳感新方法，並進行了理論和實驗研究，研究結果表明：當激光晶體內泵浦光平均光斑半徑遠小於振西安理工大學碩士學位論文蕩光束腰半徑時，激光輸出功率的自然指數與泵浦光焦斑的縱向位置成高斯變化規律，測量范圍和靈敏度依賴于泵浦功率，隨著泵浦功率的增加，測量范圍擴大，靈敏度提高，當端面泵浦功率為7 . 24w （最大輸出功率為1 . 926w ）時，激光位移傳感器的測量范圍和靈敏度分別是13 . 045mm和0 . 148mw / pm 。

On the condition the trapping characteristics of whole profile meshing helical pump are lucubrated by theory for the first time, and the select range of the helical angle that can eliminate completely the trapping of whole profile meshing helical gear pump is also obtained

在此基礎上，首次對全齒廓嚙合斜齒齒輪泵的困油特性進行了詳細的理論研究，得到了完全消除全齒廓嚙合斜齒齒輪泵困油沖擊的螺旋角的選擇范圍。