reference paper 中文意思是什麼

reference paper 解釋
參考文件
  • reference : n 1 (對委員、審查人等的)委託;委託項目[范圍]。2 說到,論到,提到。3 參考;參考書;附註,引證;...
  • paper : n 1 紙;裱墻紙。2 報紙,報。3 收據;債券;證券;票據;匯票;鈔票(=paper money)。4 〈pl 〉身份...
  1. Nowadays, there are a series of problems to solve in the management of student apartments. after comparing the three representative modes of investing and constructing college apartments worldwide, i. e. the modes of apartments managed by university, managed by investor and managed by both university and investor, the paper analyzes the different operation modes according to different construct forms and their advantages and disadvantages. using the operation modes of student apartments abroad for reference, the paper puts forward three new modes combining property management and ideological and political education in operating students apartments : community management, apanage management and open management, and lays emphasis on the key role of managing student apartments in the socialization reform

    目前在我國學生公寓的運作上還存在著一系列需要研究解決的問題,本文總結國內高校學生公寓投資和建設的三種代表形式進行了分析比較,針對三種管理的不同形式,即由校方統一管理、由投資方管理以及由學校和社會共同管理,進一步分析其投資建設形式不同帶來的不同運作,通過對其利弊的分析以及對國外高校學生公寓運作模式的借鑒,本文提出了「社區化管理」 、 「屬地管理」 、 「開放式管理」 、 「物業管理與思政工作有機結合」四種學生公寓運作的新思路,著重強調了學生公寓的管理工作在整個公寓的社會化運作過程中的關鍵性作用。
  2. Although ziyang city have a long history, but it have a young development of city construction, the environment landscape of city has many defects although it have many success, in this paper, through examined and analyzed the actuality of ziyang environment landscape, and applied the tenet of combine for theoretic and practice, and used for reference there homologies city ' s suffer and apologue. in this paper, it ' s researched from city ' s natural landscape system, man - made landscape system and dimensional landscape system, to instruct designing of ziyang city ' s landscape build, thus discover a feasible way for knap urban landscape build

    本文通過對資陽城市景觀建設現狀調查、分析,運用理論與實踐相結合的原理,借鑒相應特徵城市景觀建設的經驗教訓,從城市自然景觀系統、人工景觀系統和空間布局景觀系統三方面進行系統的規劃研究,達到指導資陽城市景觀建設的目的,從而為丘陵城市的景觀建設找到一條切實可行的途徑。
  3. In order to evaluate the operational projects of advanced public transportation system, and to provide reference for apts applications, this paper researches on benefit / cost of apts

    摘要為了對先進的公共交通系統實施項目進行評價,以便更好地為國內先進的公共交通系統項目的實施提供參考,文章對先進的公共交通系統的效益成本進行了研究。
  4. Based on chinese traditional philosophical thinking, beginning from introducing the chinese traditional ecological main ideas, this paper analyzes the meanings of ecological culture in the chinese traditional building unit from its three parts - roof, body and platform, and approaches the relation between these meanings and the chinese traditional ecological main ideas, in order to deeply understand the design theory and method of chinese traditional architecture from different angles and provide a salutary reference for modern arcology study

    摘要該文以中國傳統哲學為背景,在簡要梳理中國傳統生態核心思想的基礎上,以中國傳統建築單體作為研究對象,分別從建築單體屋頂、臺基、屋身三段構成來分析其生態文化內涵,並探討它與中國傳統生態思想之間的相關性,以求從一個新的角度來認識中國傳統建築的設計理論和方法,也可為現代生態建築的發展提供借鑒。
  5. The work of this paper may offer some reference and gist for research on astrometry and geodesy

    本文的工作可為天文大地測量的研究提供一定的參考和依據。
  6. The protection of historical buildings works as a basilic tache in urban history conservation. the paper study on the selection and control between listed buildings and cultural relic buildings, and new uses for old buildings in u. k. all of these will help on use for reference of our urban history conservation

    本文通過對英國登錄建築與我國文物建築保護在確認與保護控制方面的比較研究,同時針對我國對待大量性的地方風土建築保護方法單一的現實問題,研究分析了英國歷史建築保護靈活多樣的再利用設計方法,為我國城市歷史保護提供若干可供借鑒的理論與方法。
  7. Abstract : this paper discusses both the present situation and tendeney of the blenching and scoring equipment both at home and abroad. it analyses the chief futures of the commonly - used equipment and shows the views on its development both at home and a list of some models for reference is listed as well

    文摘:討論了國內外染整加工中練漂設備的使用情況及發展趨勢,分析了常見的國產和進口練漂設備的主要特點,提出了發展我國練漂設備的看法。
  8. In reference to the practical changes in the deregulated markets of the advanced countries in the area of europe, america and asia and the countermeasures of the countries, combing with the problems encountered in the marketing and sales practice of the panzhihua brach of sinopec, the paper applies the swot analysis method, rationally analyzes the outside environment and inside conditions. according to the characterizes of gasoline resources, and the market situation after it transformed from the monopolistic style of planning economy to the monopolistic competition style, the paper also analyze the strengths and weakness of the industry brought by the forthcoming event of the permission of the wholesales market of gasoline. based on the above analysis, the paper posits the marketing strategic objectives and measures as follows : ensuring the management of suppliers, adding the retail and direct sales network, improving operating qualities, making the customer relationship management and realizing the multi - benefits of company and customers

    本文在營銷理論的基礎上,通過親身經歷,調查了解,深入研究了成品油在國際、國內市場中過去、現在的市場狀況和發展歷程,參考國際上歐美及亞洲發達國家先期放開成品油管制後市場的實際變化和應對措施,以及結合中石化攀枝花公司營銷工作中存在的問題,理性分析營銷外部環境和內部條件,運用swot分析法,根據成品油能源特點,就成品油市場從計劃經濟的壟斷形式轉向目前國際國內市場競爭的壟斷性競爭的形式后,對成品油批發市場即將準入后的優劣、利弊進行了分析和研究,提出了「作好供應商管理,增加零售和直銷網路、提高經營質量,充分做好客戶關系管理,實現公司和客戶共同成長」的營銷戰略目標和戰略措施。
  9. This paper is mainly focus on the following issues : summarize the basic workflow concepts, its reference model and cany out procedures ( or flows )

    本文所作的主要工作為:概述了工作流系統的基本概念、參考模型、及實施流程。
  10. This paper concentrrates on two cardinal points to expand as following : 1. the frame of reference ; a stock market / stock - the reference guide line ( 1 ) the essence of the method of the coefficient change of the frame of reference : by compering with the change of price relations of the reference guide line which bears correlatitivity to the reference guide line. according to the using laws of the method of the coefficient change of the frame of reference to determinant or forecast the price change trdends of the stock market

    本文的撰寫主要基於如下兩點對股票股市的認識理解、研究工作展開: 1 、參照系:目標股市股票?參照指標參照繫系數變動法的實質是:通過比較與具有相關關系的參照指標的比價關系的變動,按照參照繫系數變動法的運用法則,來判定預測目標股市的價格變動趨勢。
  11. Though discussed in the consultation paper which makes reference to trade unions and insurance companies having a justifiable and legal interest in litigation, it is not clear if it is the intention to change the law to permit champerty and maintenance in hong kong

    雖然諮詢文件指出工會及保險公司在訴訟中具有正當及法律權益而作出討論,但並未清楚表明是否有意更改法例,藉以準許在香港包攬訴訟及維持有關行為。
  12. First of all, the paper analyses the compositive framework of electronic commerce system ; and analyses the characteristic of enterprise applications integration ( eat ) and business to business commerce ( b2b ) applications integration, and points out that b2b applications integration is under a condition of no uniform reference point, dynamic and incompact, restricted bandwidth, however eai is contrariwise, so we say b2b applications integration is very hard

    本論文首先分析電子商務系統的集成框架,闡述了電子商務系統與企業內部信息系統的集成關系;分析企業應用集成( eai )和企業間電子商務( b2b )集成的集成特點和難度,指出企業應用集成是在統一控制下的緊密集成,而企業間電子商務集成則是沒有統一控制點、動態松偶合、有限帶寬的集成,因而集成難度較大。
  13. This paper introduces the brief history of compilation of ancient bibliography and general cyclopedia in our country, so as to offer reference for further understanding of the history of compilation of ancient bibliography and general cyclopedia in our country

    摘要論文介紹了我國古代書目和類書編制的發展簡史,旨在為進一步了解我國古代書目、類書編制史提供參考。
  14. This paper is an analysis of the agriculture - dominated yuanmou county characterized by mountainous, tropical and droughty agriculture from the perspective of approaches of developing specialty agriculture in sw china inhabited by minority ethnic groups and against the background of county agriculture development in the rest of yunnan and even the rest of the whole country. in the paper a variety of approaches are employed, such as demonstration, contrast and statistics, no to mention the introduction of reference index system of economic competitive power for the purposes of contract, analysis and assessment

    本文從西部邊疆少數民族地區如何發展特色縣域經濟的視角出發,以全國和雲南省的縣域經濟為研究背景,選擇了雲南元謀這個具有農業主導縣特徵、山區縣特徵和獨特「乾熱資源」有特色產業的縣作為研究對象,以實證、對比等統計方法作為研究手段,並以中國縣域經濟競爭力評價指標體系的指標作為參照指標,進行對比、分析和評價。
  15. On the basis of reviewing history and comparative study, this paper examines the system of trial by default in our country ; at the same time using foreign experiences for reference, combines the specific situations in our judicial practice, then raises a tentative idea to reconstruct the system of trial by default in our country : to build a system of trial by default making the doctrine of ex parte debate as main part and doctrine of trial by default as supplement part ; at the same time to perfect the legislative stipulations on standards of default determination, procedural applications and remedies of trial by ex parte debate and trial by default, examinations of evidence in trial by default, in pursuit of forming an intact system structure, giving full play to the functions of system of trial by default and fulfilling the value target of civil proceedings

    因此,加強對我國缺席審判制度的研究,具有重要的理論和實踐價值。本文在歷史回顧和比較研究的基礎上,對我國的缺席審判制度進行了審視;同時借鑒國外的經驗,並結合我國司法實踐的具體情況,提出了重構我國缺席審判制度的設想:建立一種以一方辯論主義為主體,缺席判決主義為補充的缺席審判制度;同時完善缺席的認定標準、一方辯論判決與缺席判決程序的適用與救濟、缺席審判中的證據審查等方面的立法規定,以形成一個完整的制度體系,充分發揮缺席審判制度的功能,實現民事訴訟的價值目標。
  16. Integrated the work on theory and experiment, the paper provides technical performance material at large about the automating and humidifying character of the centrifugal nozzle with firing pin type, high pressure and little aperture to the manufacture and user. with the valuable reference during the selecting the equipment and ascertaining the parameters, the users could select and control the humid parameter

    課題的理論與試驗兩方面工作相結合,為撞針型高壓小孔徑離心式噴嘴的霧化加濕性能提供了較為詳細的技術性能資料,為生產廠家和用戶在設備選型和參數選擇過程中,提供了有價值的參考,便於用戶正確而經濟地選擇、控制濕度參數,有效調節噴嘴孔徑、噴水初溫和噴水壓力的大小。
  17. Therefore the output magnetic torque of torque motor can be increased. in this paper, mathematical model of hydraulic flapper - nozzle servo - valve is introduced. the mathematical model of magnetic fluid is built according to the reference introduction

    本文給出了噴嘴擋板伺服閥的數學模型,對作用於伺服閥力矩馬達的磁流體數學模型進行了推導,給出了添加磁流體的噴嘴擋板伺服閥的數學模型。
  18. First classifier chooses two classes whose matching distance between it and paper currency is bigger than others from all class. then in the second stage, we extract some new feature and improve the classifier to generate the last result. in the stage of defect detection for paper currency, we advances a homogeneity based algorithm for the detection of scratch and cracks appearing on paper currency, in which the homogeneity feature of the sensed paper currency image is first constructed to locate the pixels that probably been polluted, the image registration algorithm is subsequently used to overlay the sensed and reference paper currency image

    在特徵提取中,我們對基於方向塊的特徵提取方法進行了分析,在此基礎上針對美元特點,對圖像方向塊的劃分方式做了研究,並提出了基於幾何距離的特徵提取方法;在分類器設計中,我們採用了lvq網路對紙幣進行學習與分類,並提出了一種具有兩層結構的分類演算法,第一層首先對輸入的特徵向量進行粗分類,選定與特徵向量匹配距離最大的兩類幣種,進入第二層分類器;在第二層分類器中,我們通過研究進入該模塊兩類幣種特徵塊的相關性,重新設計了特徵向量,同時對分類器進行改進,最終實現對紙幣的分類。
  19. Consequently the wto constituted < annex on telecommunications > for the telecommunication sector, carried on a independent negotiation on basic telecommunications, made terms on some agreements such as < agreement on basic telecommunications services > and < reference paper >, constantly expands the connotation of gats telecommunication rules

    有鑒於此, wto專門針對電信服務部門制訂了《關于電信服務的附件》 ,還展開了單獨的基礎電信談判,達成了《基礎電信協議》和《參考文件》等協議和法規,使gats框架下電信規則的內涵不斷得以充實。
  20. The main content of the agreement is the schedules that committed time schedule and access condition of basic telecommunications services market opening ; the < reference paper > is a annex of < agreement on basic telecommunications services >, which is a common reference use for the members submit telecommunication regulation law environment commitments

    協議的主體內容是各國承諾基礎電信市場開放時間和市場準入條件的具體承諾減讓表; 《參考文件》是《基礎電信協議》的附件,是供各方政府在提交電信監管法規環境承諾時參照使用的通用範本。
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