risk aversion 中文意思是什麼
risk aversion
解釋
不願承擔風險-
Estimates of risk aversion vary widely, and no quantitative guidelines are available.
對于風險的躲避的估算具有很大的差異，而且也沒有適用的數量指標。 -
Secondly, aiming at the shortage of the present study on this problem, this thesis try to make some creative breaks : explain the connotative definition of intermediate business in systematically to benefit this kind of problem to further study ; study the problems of risk aversion and prevention with it ' s development ; evaluate the market risk, the credit risk, investment risk etc. ; try to establish a valid system to evaluate the risk of intermediate business. the main method we used in this thesis to evaluate the risk of intermediate business is var ( value in risk ). at last, study to take some measures which will match the real state of our country to prevent the risk of intermediate business, which will do some good to intermediate business in china " s commercial bank
其次，針對已有研究中的不足和此類問題的研究現狀，本論文力求創新與突破的是：比較系統地對商業銀行中間業務進行界定和研究其發展策略，有利於對此類問題的進一步深化和擴展；從商業銀行中間業務不斷發展的角度來研究風險規避和防範等問題，評估中間業務面臨的市場風險、信用風險、投資風險和管理風險等一系列風險，嘗試建立有效防範中間業務風險的評估體系，本文主要運用var法來評估中間業務的市場風險；探討符合我國國情的商業銀行中間業務風險防範措施，以期對我國商業銀行中間業務的發展有所裨益。 -
In chapter two, the general model of the optimum investment, consumption and periodical insurance payable at death for life is discussed and its corresponding optimum control question is solved. the optimum strategy can be got through the corresponding hib ( hamilton - jacobi - bellman ) equation. as to the crra ( constant relative risk aversion ), a sort of utility function, indicatively, the optimum investment process, consumption process and the periodical insurance payable at death for life purchasing process can be gained with the feedback form
第二章討論最優消費、投資、定期人壽死亡保險的一般模型，解決了對應的最優控制問題，最優策略可通過求解hjb （ hamilton一jaeobi一bellman ）方程得到，當效用函數為crra （常數相對風險厭惡）類型時，顯式地得到具有反饋形式的最優投資過程、消費過程及定期人壽死亡保險購買過程。 -
But on the whole, the market system still has some deficiencies and risks and the market is badly in need of risk aversion facilities
但從整體上看，中國證券市場體系仍然不完善，市場風險大，市場對避險工具的需求日益迫切。 -
Result shows, the uncertainty of parameter leads to negative ( positive ) investment horizon effects when investor ' s risk aversion is more ( less ) than that of logarithmic utility ; the effects of parametric uncertainty will weaken when investor uses more past data in his estimation, or when his risk aversion increases ; the effect of the first order moment ' s uncertainty is stronger than that of the second order moment ' s uncertainty
研究表明，當投資者的風險規避程度大於（小於）對數效用時，參數不確定性將導致負（正）的投資期效應；當投資者在估計過程中運用較多的歷史數據、或者風險規避程度增加時，參數不確定性的影響將減弱；收益一階矩的不確定性影響較其二階矩強。 -
In chapter two, under non - lipschitz condition, the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the second kind of bsde is researched, based on it, the stability of the solution is proved ; in chapter three, under non - lipschitz condition, the comparison theorem of the solution of the second kind of bsde is proved and using the monotone iterative technique, the existence of minimal and maximal solution is constructively proved ; in chapter four, on the base of above results, we get some results of the second kind of bsde which partly decouple with sde ( fbsde ), which include that the solution of the bsde is continuous in the initial value of sde and the application to optimal control and dynamic programming. at the end of this section, the character of the corresponding utility function has been discussed, e. g monotonicity, concavity and risk aversion ; in chapter 5, for the first land of bsde, using the monotone iterative technique, the existence of minimal and maximal solution is proved and other characters and applications to utility function are studied
首先，第二章在非lipschitz條件下，研究了第二類方程的解的存在唯一性問題，在此基礎上，又證明了解的穩定性；第三章在非lipschitz條件下，證明了第二類bsde解的比較定理，並在此基礎上，利用單調迭代的方法，構造性證明了最大、最小解的存在性；第四章在以上的一些理論基礎之上，得到了相應的與第二類倒向隨機微分方程耦合的正倒向隨機微分方程系統的一些結果，主要包括倒向隨機微分方程的解關于正向隨機微分方程的初值是具有連續性的，得到了最優控制和動態規劃的一些結果，在這一章的最後還討論了相應的效用函數的性質，如，效用函數的單調性、凹性以及風險規避性等;第五章，針對第一類倒向隨機微分方程，運用單調迭代方法，證明了最大和最小解的存在性，並研究了解的其它性質及在效用函數上的應用。 -
Complexity in the battlespace demands that we shift focus from attrition - based mass to purpose - based distribution, from apocalyptic, episodic fires to high - fidelity, continuous sensors and from deliberate risk aversion to informed risk - taking
作戰空間的復雜性要求我們將焦點從立足於消耗大規模作戰轉變到立足於實現目標的分散式作戰，從世界末日式的短暫火力轉變到高保真的、持續不斷的監測，從謹慎地避免冒險到有準備的承擔風險。 -
In this chapter, i try to make some research on securities market in our country with the thought of bf. first, i make an empirical test of prospect theory and find investors are not always risk - aversion. in fact, according to different conditions, they will change their attitudes toward risk
本文就是較為全面地分析了行為金融的最新發展，對與效率市場假說相悖的市場異象進行了解釋，並運用行為金融的思想以實證研究和定性分析相結合的方法對我國股票市場作了一些研究。 -
This paper analysis the reason in the level of cost and rules, build a model to test the financing cost of capital of listed companies, compare of the cost of equity financing and debt financing directly, prove the cost of equity financing is lower than debt financing in current period. because equity financing should be improving the capital structure of china ' s listed companies, equity financing is the first choice to the listed companies, another reason of the choice is the risk aversion of the manager to the hard constrained control of debt financing, but the soft constrained control of equity financing, hence the intensity of the equity financing
本文從成本和制度層面對上市公司股權融資偏好的原因進行分析，建立了我國上市公司的融資資本成本核算模型，直觀地比較了股權融資及債權融資的成本，證明在我國現階段股權融資的成本更低，而且由於股權融資可以明顯改善公司資本結構，所以中國上市公司的股權融資偏好是其理性選擇，另外我國上市公司的經營管理層厭惡債權融資還本付息的硬約束，更傾向于股權融資的軟約束，也加強了股權融資偏好的強度。 -
And how should plans deal with differences in risk aversion across the participant population
該如何制訂合適的退休金計劃，才能迎合眾多參加者對規避風險的不同要求呢？ -
The broad spread of losses makes them easier to digest, but also spreads financial nervousness and risk aversion
雖然損失的廣泛傳播使它們容易被消化，但也會大量傳播金融恐慌和風險迴避。 -
That risk aversion may find surprising victims
這種風險迴避會發現意外的受害者。 -
Otherwise the principal will incur a certain loss, and the loss increases as the risk and the agent ' s risk - aversion increase
否則所有者將蒙受一定的損失，並且這種損失隨著風險以及經理對風險迴避程度的增加而增加。 -
In capm mode, investors are presumed to be risk aversion people and faced with the market of risk asset. effect collection and deviation collection are produced by both subjective and objective conditions. at last, the premium portfolio and discount rate are drawn
它假定投資者為武漢理工大學碩士學位論文風險厭惡者，面對風險資產市場，由投資者的主觀和市場的客觀條件綜合作用形成了其選擇的有效集和最小方差集，從而找到最佳投資組合和期望報酬率（作為貼現率使用） 。 -
The first stock index futures contract appeared in kcbt on feb. 24th, 1982. and its transaction volume has been increasing considerably on a global scale. because the stock index futures has the functions of price detection, risk aversion and asset allocation, it has become more and more important in the international financial market and is entitled the most exciting creation
自從1982年2月24日，美國堪薩斯市期貨交易所（ kcbt ）推出第一張股票指數期貨合約? ?價值線綜合指數期貨合約以來，股票指數期貨在全球范圍內的交易量迅猛增長，很快發展成為全球金融衍生品市場中最具活力的交易品種。 -
Based on the internal control framework of coso and the enterprise risk management, considering the status quo and need of internal management of guotong corp., the case study method is adopted to put forward a management risk aversion mechanism with internal control as its core and enterprise risk management as its target, thus evading the risk management of portfolio investment
筆者參考美國舞弊性財務報告委員會成立的專門研究內部控制的委員會? ? coso委員會提出的內部控制框架，及其最新提出的全面風險管理理論，結合國通公司內部管理的現狀及需求，採用案例分析方法提出了構建以內部控制為核心的、以全面風險管理為目標的管理風險防範體系，以規避證券投資管理風險的設想。 -
Lower interest rates and heightened risk aversion have led bond yields down as investors shift money to safe haven assets
低利率和集中的風險規避使投資者將資金轉移到安全資產上，導致債券收益下降。 -
Despite this, the market volatility in asian and emerging markets saw investor ' s risk aversion rise sharply and selling pressures take hold, leaving the ftse 100 index 0. 5 % lower
即便如此，亞洲和新興市場的股市震蕩讓投資者的風險意識急速提升，拋售壓力佔了主導地位，金融時報100指數下跌0 . 5 % 。 -
Explicit solutions for the optimal consumption and portfolio of the hyperbolic absolute risk aversion function family
雙曲型絕對風險厭惡函數的最優消費與投資組合的顯示解 -
When the risk - aversion degree of portfolio managers is higher than that of investors, the risk level chosen by the former will be higher than the latter expect
當基金經理風險厭惡程度小於投資者風險厭惡程度時，基金經理所選擇的風險水平要高於投資者的期望。
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