scope background 中文意思是什麼

scope background 解釋
顯示器熒光屏的背景
  • scope : n 1 （活動）范圍。2 眼界，視界；視野；見識。3 力量，能力。4 發揮能力的「用武之地」，餘地；機會。5...
  • background : n 1 後景，背景；基本情況；（紡織品等的）底子；出身；經歷。2 隱蔽的[不引人注目的]地位；幕後。3 襯...
  1. The reform of highway construction management system is the requirements of establish the socialist market system and entering the wto. besides, it is essential to the development of highway construction and promoting the national economy and social development. based on the background of the national politics and economy system reform and analysis the problems in highway construction management, through research the organs, regulations, project management and financial systems in usa, uk, france, germany and etc., the paper described the necessity and importance of the reform from the view of economy globalization and put forward the reform ideas and contents as follows : transfer the power and duty which belong to the market scope ; enforce the laws and regulations and reinforcement ; establish the engineering sponsion and guarantee system ; build the highway construction market credit system by strengthening administration and supervision

    本文基於國家政治和經濟體制改革的宏觀背景，全面分析了我國公路建設管理體制中存在的問題，從國際經濟一體化和建立社會主義市場經濟體制的視角，闡述了改革的必要性和重要性，在分析研究了美國、英國、法國、日本、德國、丹麥等國家的交通管理機構設置、制度安排、項目管理和投融資體系的基礎上，對如何改革我國的公路建設管理體制進行了較深的研究和探索，提出了改革的基本思路和主要內容，即要按照責權一致的原則，轉變管理職能；按照依法行政的要求，完善法規，加強執法；適應國家投融資體制改革需要，擴大公路建設融資渠道；按照質量、效益的原則，建立科學的工程保證擔保體系；加強建設市場管理，建立公路建設市場的信用體系。
  2. However, there exist differences, between them, in background, construction standard, manage mood, and inhabitant structure. this makes the supply way of the community public products more complicated than that of commercial community public products. according to the community scope and consumptive characteristics of public products, the definition of community public products, in the thesis, is concluded as public products, which, for the common demands of community inhabitants are commonly and fairly consumed, and include community service, community sanitation, community surroundings, and community medical

    然後，反觀我國城市社區公共產品供需現狀、存在主要問題及其產生的原因，在借鑒國外社區公共產品供給經驗基礎上，立足於我國實際國情，提出我國城市社區公共產品有效供給的途徑在於提高城市社區居民權利意識、加強城市社區自治能力建設、拓寬城市社區公共產品需求偏好顯示途徑、建立城市社區公共產品合作供給機制、建立城市社區公共產品考核評價體系。
  3. Based on the background above - mentioned, for enhancing the level of management on sar which is an international commonweal, this paper analyses the situation of guangzhou salvage, and research the management and assessment of sar. first, it explicate the meaning of sar and its main methods of scientific management, using the historical rescue data of 28 years of guangzhou salvage, and made analyses and forecast on the salvage by kinds of methods. second, with the aid of fussy comprehensive assessment, it made concrete analyses and evaluations on the rescue scope and rescue ability by expert investigation, statistics and analyses. it complete scientific deployment of the professional rescue establishment

    正基於上述背景，為提高海上搜救這個不以盈利為目標的國際性公益事業的管理水平，本文以廣州海上救助打撈局海上搜救問題為對象，研究海上搜救管理及其能力評價，首先，闡述了海上搜救及其管理的主要方法，以廣州救撈局28年的歷史數據為基礎，用多種預測方法對海上搜救進行分析和預測；其次，通過專家調查、統計和分析，通過模糊綜合評判方法對所轄搜救水域和搜救能力進行具體的分析和評價，完成了專業搜救設施的科學部署；最後，為改進完善救撈體系，進一步提高搜救能力闡述了建議。
  4. 《 the agreement on trade - related investment measures 》 ( hereinafter as 《 trims 》 ) under wto is not only the only global and substantial multi - lateral agreement in international investment scope, but also the simplest one of the three new agreements in service trade, international investment and intellectual property rights. therefore, people is ambiguous about the background of formation, the understanding and application of contents, and the developing trends of trims

    Wto框架下的《 theagreementontrade - relatedinvestmentmeasures 》 （以下簡稱《 trins 》 ） ，即《與貿易有關的投資措施協定》 （以下簡稱《協定》 ） ，是迄今為止國際社會在國際投資領域所達成的唯一一個全球性、實體性的多邊協定，也是烏拉圭回合談判就服務貿易、國際投資和知識產權三個新議題所達成的協定中最簡短的一個。
  5. After introducing the background, objective and scope of the research work briefly in chapter 1, the author analyses present marketing situation of pulp in sinolight in chapter 2. as one of the industrial materials, the length of marketing channel of pulp is shorter than that of other materials. so, the characteristics of pulp marketing channel of the company is worth study

    所以，筆者在本文中試圖通過深入分析中輕公司營銷渠道的現狀，應用現代營銷渠道理論，研究渠道的發展方向，分析營銷渠道的設計和管理策略，剖析新營銷渠道中的供應商、經銷商的戰略夥伴關系，提出中輕公司如何改進< wp = 3 >營銷渠道的戰略設想。
  6. This study breaks down to 8 chapters ; chapter 1 presents the issue, research scope, research status and research method of this study ; chapter 2 explains geographical, environmental, historical and cultural background of thailand and indonesia ; chapter 3 analyzes the formation of the chinese community in thailand and indonesia before the opium war ; chapter 4 clarifies the development of the chinese community in thailand and indonesia for a period between the opium war and world war ii ; chapter 5 depicts political behaviors of the chinese in thailand and indonesia ; chapter 6 discusses economic activities of the chinese in thailand and indonesia ; chapter 7 discusses cultural contact, adaptation and vicissitude of chinese culture in thailand and indonesia ; chapter 8 presents the conclusion of this study and the issues to be discussed continuously

    本文從民族學的角度探討泰國與印尼華人社會的發展及其異同。全文分為八章，第一章提出本文的問題、研究范圍、研究現狀和研究方法；第二章說明泰、印的地理環境和歷史文化背景；第三章分析鴉片戰爭以前泰、印華人社會的形成；第四章闡釋鴉片戰爭至二戰期間泰、印華人社會的發展；第五章闡述泰、印華人的政治形態，第六章探討泰、印華人的經濟活動，第七章討論泰、印華人文化的接觸、適應和變遷；第八章提出本文的結論以及將繼續討論的問題。
  7. From the analysis and tidying of the emerging background, connotation, and the thinking of the methodological theory regarding the concepts of social engineering, it is considered that social engineering is the expansion and extension of the scope of knowledge of natural engineering in solving social issues and the outcome of the development of knowledge integration, coordination, cross - and multi - disciplinary tendency emerging when people try to tackle various complicated social issues in the course of development and change of the society

    摘要通過對社會工程學概念的提出背景、內涵和方法論思想的分析整理，認為社會工程學是自然工程學知識在解決社會問題時的知識領域的擴大與延伸，是人們為了解決社會發展與變遷過程中出現的各種錯綜復雜的社會問題，而出現的知識綜合化、協調化、跨學科化、多學科化發展的結果。
  8. The article firstly gives general background information of the company and the industry followed by the key study scope and methods

    本文首先對三九長藥公司及其行業概況進行了介紹，提出了研究的主要內容和方法。
  9. Based on this conclusion, a standard and systematic risk management method suggests to be adopted. the following sector explores in depth the capital source channel of open - fund development ; the sales channel establishment and the variety innovation of the fund by introducing the marketing system theory. finally, based on the research of market background system and market elements which open - fund relies on, the paper points out the importance of market environment construction in the standardizing development of the fund, and gives a constructive suggestion to the scope development and standardizing operation of open - fund

    文章通過對證券投資基金的發展空間與趨勢研究、基金的運作機制研究，指出開放式基金是我國未來證券投資基金市場發展的主流產品，具有廣闊的市場空間和發展前景；通過對開放式基金的風險體系和主要風險特點的分析，提出規范化、系統化的風險管理思路與參考性方法規劃；通過導入市場營銷體系理論，就開放式基金發展的資金渠道方向、銷售渠道建設、基金的品種創新等進行深入論述；最後針對開放式基金所依賴的市場背景體系與市場要素，指出市場環境建沒對基金規范化拓展的重要性，並為開放式基金的規模發展和規范運作提出建設性建議。
  10. The full text divides into six chapters, the first chapter summarizes background, the research goal and the significance, the concept and the research scope, the research technique and the research frame of the city water body environment design ; second chapter from close relation of the human and the water 、 the city and the water, analyzes in the urban development the environment change of city water body, discusses the question and the related theory of city water body environment ; third chapter carries on the limits to the goal and the object of city water body environment design, and carried on the classification to the city water body from the angle which molds the city water body environment, and elaborates the principle of city water body environment design ; fourth chapter from the urban ecology angle, with the aid of discipline of research method and the analysis method of hydrology, construction engineering and so on, discusses the ecological engineering of the city water body environment, and the environment molds method of ecology water body ; fifth chapter proposes the systematic environment molds method of city water body space

    全文分為六章，第一章簡述城市水體環境設計的背景、研究目的和意義、概念和研究范圍、研究方法和研究框架;第二章從人與水、城市與水的密切關系，分析城市發展中城市水體環境的變化，探討城市水體環境的問題和相關理論;第三章對城市水體環境設計的目標和對象進行界定，並從城市水體環境塑造的角度對城市水體進行了分類，並闡述城市水體環境設計的原則;第四章從城市生態學的角度，藉助水利學、土木工程學等學科的研究手段和分析方法，討論城市水體環境建構生態工程，及生態水體環境塑造的方法;第五章提出了較為系統的城市水體空間環境塑造的方法。第六章主要提出人文、經濟對城市水體環境塑造的影響。
  11. With the general scientific background having been described in chapter 2, this chapter will take a closer look at the scope and logistics of the epds monitoring programme, and the actual sampling and laboratory procedures that are carried out

    第二章敘述了環保署河溪水質監測計劃的一些科學背景，本章將詳細介紹本計劃的范圍和流程，以及實地取樣和測驗程序。
  12. This research study provides a variety of insights into the ways how men and women interact with others in online settings, contributes to the new research background for communication, and enlarges the scope of sociolinguistic theory on gender and language

    第一，本研究結果為探尋男女在虛擬世界中的自我表達方式及特點提供了全新的視角;第二，本研究結果有助於在新興的交流平臺下，研究語言的演變與發展;第三，擴展了社會語言學關于性別與語言的理論。
  13. Chief justice, mr. andrew li kwok - nang ; and the director of public prosecutions, mr i. g. cross. a total of 12 panel sessions were held to discuss the background, magnitude and scope for developing long - term strategies and co - operation in dealing with cyber crime, money laundering, changing trends in narcotic crime and triad societies

    大會共設十二個小組討論環節，就電腦罪行、清洗黑錢、販毒活動的趨勢以及三合會罪行四個主要范疇，探討有關問題的背景、規模和范圍，並研究發展長遠策略及合作計劃，以有效打擊上述罪行。
  14. Economy. under the situation of the economic worldly, with actuality of the shipping business enterprises and the development of the modern logistics for the background, drawing lessons from the main shipping business enterprise in world, and appling the compounding model to forecast the quantity of container transportation in future, that indicate the snipping business enterprises form logistics strategy alliance with the same or different industry, expand the scope of service, that become the valid path that shipping business enterprises acquire vitality

    在經濟全球化形勢下，以航運企業的現狀和現代物流的發展為背景，借鑒全球主要航運企業發展現代物流的經驗，用組合預測模型對國際集裝箱運量進行預測的基礎上，指明航運企業與同行業或不同行業的企業結成物流戰略聯盟，拓展服務的范圍，成為航運企業獲得生命力的有效途徑。
  15. Shiphandling simulator is a device that can partly imitate the true environment at sea ， and is specially designed to satisfy marine education and trains and maritime research etc. one of its key techniques is to create the virtual environment at sea ， and the terrain is its important component. according to the needs of the real time visual display of the shiphandling simulator ， this paper analyses the requirements of the geometry precision of the important islands and background hills which are within the ships ' visible scope ， and brings forward the modeling methods of the hill ' s pileup and the hill ' s silhouette edges based on contour lines. it also presents the definition of error that the hill ' s silhouette edges graph has been given and the effective scope of application ， and firstly established the error criterion of terrain model that is built in shiphandling simulator. with these two kinds of method ， the size of data storage can be minimized greatly ， and the requirements of high update rate and geometry precision for the real time visual display of the shiphandling simulator can be satisfied

    船舶操縱模擬器是一種能夠部分模仿海上真實情況，專門為滿足航海教育與培訓、航海技術研究等目的而設計研製的裝置，其核心技術之一是海上視景模擬，而地形地貌是海上視景中的重要組成部分.根據船舶操縱模擬器實時視景顯示的需要，在分析航行船舶對可視范圍內重要島嶼與背景山脈的幾何精度要求的基礎上，提出了基於等高線的山形堆積建模和山形輪廓建模方法，並給出了山形輪廓圖形的誤差定義、有效適用范圍，以及船舶操縱模擬器中地形建模的誤差準則，該方法生成圖形的數據量較小，其圖形更新速率與幾何精度能達到船舶操縱模擬器實時視景顯示的要求
  16. As far as liability for wrings in conclusion of contract is concerned, according to its background, this paper approaches more deeply some controversial issues in its practical use, such as its legal base, the scope available and its legal effect

    對于締約過夫責任，筆者從其產生的歷史背景入手，針對其在具體適用中最易引起爭議的幾個問題，即存在的法律基礎、適用的范圍和法律效果，進行了較為深入的探討。
  17. The latter is a theoretical innovation, it criticizes the given model in chinese securities market in which only get the csrc ' s affirmation of iniuria firstly can you claim for damages. then go to the causation, with several european countries as background, the author initially supposes we should adopt the " scope of the rule " theory to solve the causation problem of the liability on manipulations, thereof simplifying the abstract and complex speculation over the causation, merely by thinking through the scope and attempt of law can we judge itfinally, in dealing with damage measure, different from the prevailing method by which scholars often choose one way from three alternatives, those are " out - of - pocket " measure, " defendant ' s profit " measure and " plaintiff ' s loss " measure, the author advises a new appoach that fundamentally applying the first measure and supplementary applying the two measures else, it is expected to fairly settle the puzzling problem in damage measure

    在因果關系部分，本文以主要歐洲國家的因果法理為背景，開創性地提出採用法規目的說解決操縱市場行為責任范圍因果關系的問題，使抽象的因果推定回歸到僅依法規目的與意義考察的單純境界。最後在損害結果部分，與學界通常在「直接損失衡量法」 、 「被告獲利計演算法」以及「原告損失計演算法」中三選一的思維定式不同，提出以直接損失衡量法為原則並輔之以其餘二者的折衷解決方案，以期公平解決損害結果在計算上的難題。
  18. Medium industry ( especially accounting and audit service industry ) is the important symbol of a country ’ s economic development level, and the important basis and supporting terms of promoting business ’ even area ’ s and country ’ s core competencies 。 with the entry into wto, chinese cpa firms ’ outer and inner environments have changed greatly, international competition has changed into chinese competition and chinese competition has internationalized 。 under such complex environments, whether the chinese cpa firms will occupy a place of their own and will not be eliminated through various market competition is decided by core competition 。 on the basis of introducing of research background and the meaning of this title ’ s choice, the paper first probes into the profound learning of core competition theory, retrospects and evaluates the primary views of core competition theory of overseas and chinese scholars, then analyzes and evaluates the cultivating theory of core competition and analyzes the sources and theory basis of core competition from economics and management course 。 on the basis of the above analysis, the paper analyzes the inner restraint factors of chinese cpa firm ’ s gaining competition advantages, in the meanwhile, the paper discusses the outer opportunity and challenge of chinese cpa firms 。 in the end, the paper puts forward large scale business strategy according to “ scale economics ” theory ’ s explanation to core competition and non ? audit service strategy according to “ economics of scope ” theory ’ s explanation to core competition 。

    本文在介紹了研究背景和選題意義的基礎上首先從探尋核心競爭力的理論淵源出發，回顧並評價了國內外學者關于核心競爭力的主要理論觀點，接著分析並評價了核心競爭力的培育理論，並從經濟學和管理學兩個學科層面分析了核心競爭力培育的源泉和理論基礎。在此基礎上分析了影響我國會計師事務所核心競爭優勢獲取的內部制約因素，並探討了我國會計師事務所面臨的外部機遇和挑戰。最後，以經濟學中「規模經濟」理論對企業核心競爭力的解釋為理論基礎提出我國會計師事務所核心競爭力培育的規模經營戰略，以「范圍經濟」理論對企業核心競爭力的解釋為理論基礎提出我國會計師事務所核心競爭力培育的非審計服務戰略。
  19. In this thesis, charter one introduces concepts of merger, the type of mergers, the methods of a merger and some theories in the realm of merger ; charter two introduces the background of bp and amoco company ; business status of these two companies just before the merger ; bp amoco merger process ; business scope after the merger and major events of the merger. charter three gives brief of the petrochemical industry ; discussing the threats and opportunities faced to bp and amoco ; analyzing the strengths, weaknesses of bp and amoco ; analyzing in detail in the motivation of bp amoco merger. charter four introduces the integration project management after the bp amoco merger and brings some authoritative guide for an integration success after a merger

    第一章介紹企業兼并的概念，類型，方法以及相關的理論；第二章主要是是bp兼并amoco的基本情況，介紹了兩家公司兼并前的概況，兼并的過程，兼并后新公司的經營規模與范圍，新公司的組織與結構，以及兼并的主要事件；第三章主要從世界石油行業的發展歷史，兼并的宏觀環境和企業環境，對bp兼并amoco的動因進行了詳細分析；第四章從新公司的形象，人員和項目的管理介紹了兼并后的整合過程以及整合對兼并成功的重要性；第五章對兼并后的經營狀況和效益進行了分析，並且概況出了整個兼并成功的經驗。
  20. The article, which is divided into three chapters, analyzes the legislative way of the system of picking up lost property in china by studying on the legislation status, social background and economic rootstock about lost property in different periods of all over the world. the first chapter not only expounds the object, main body and characters of lost property, but also compares all kinds of standpoints, and points out their advantages and disadvantages. in this way, the author makes the scope of application of this system become clearly

    本文運用比較、分析及實證的方法，對現代各國及地區有關遺失物拾得的法律制度按遺失物拾得法律關系產生、發展的空間邏輯順序進行了分類介紹，總結其成功的經驗，評述其對我國立法的借鑒意義，並結合我國遺失物拾得立法現狀及《中國物權法（草案） 》中的相關規定闡述應如何在我國物權法中對遺失物拾得制度進行立法。
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