shifting the burden 中文意思是什麼

shifting the burden 解釋
捨本逐末
  • shifting : adj. 1. 變動的;移動的;多[易]變的。2. 想盡辦法的;盡量設法的。3. 用權謀的;哄騙的;狡賴的;詭詐的。n. 1. 轉移;移動;移位;偏移。2. 變化;轉變。3. 狡賴;遁詞詐術等的使用。
  • the : 〈代表用法〉…那樣的東西,…那種東西。1 〈用單數普通名詞代表它的一類時(所謂代表的單數)〉 (a) 〈...
  • burden : n 1 擔子,馱子;負荷,裝載量,載重噸數。2 負擔,包袱,重累。3 責任,義務。vt 1 使負重擔;使煩惱,...
  1. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多,相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出,如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士,翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物,由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多,但在《民事證據法(草案) 》的擬定過程中,並未采責任倒置的地位,這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇,誠然,舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險,而「倒置」規則的設計,則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼,在理解何為舉證責任倒置時,本文著重以民事法為主線,指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任,而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔,舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異,但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值,在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形,一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形,而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件,對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定,若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證,在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時,從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則,公平原則,訴訟經濟原則,保護弱者原則等,基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念,其次立法應避免求大求全,再次要配合實體法的發展,最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  2. His plan includes some sensible proposals for america ' s poorest taxpayers, but it is mostly concerned with shifting the tax burden from the affluent to the very rich

    他的方案中包括了針對美國最貧困納稅者的合理建議,但最令人關注的是這一方案將中等富裕階層的稅負轉嫁給了富豪階層。
  3. Professor lang has suggested that shifting the burden of proof and collective litigation should be applied on our securities supervision. professor ' s advice may be theoretically effective, meanwhile the amendment of law will need a long time in the procedure. therefore, it seems that the choice of improving the ability of discrimination deals with concrete matters relating to work in reality

    郎咸平教授曾提出辯方舉證和集體訴訟的監管思維,這種增加違規成本的思路從理論上說要比加大查處力度有效;但要將其寫入證券相關法律中卻需要漫長的等待,在時不我待的我國證券市場上,加大查處力度、提高識別違規行為概率無疑是現階段更加務實的選擇。
  4. In this paper will discuss the principles of shifting the burden of proof, the regulations ca n ' t become sound in its phase of legislation, but it is an important regulation in relief of right, and we should be convinced of it is belong to integrative system engineering. there are profound and lasting significance to conclude the basic legislation and justice principle about shifting the burden of proof

    ,對舉證責任倒置的爭議隨著《民事證據法(草案) 》的擬定而突起,本文還就舉證責任倒置在立法中所應遵循的原則進行一定的探討,盡管舉證責任倒置的規范不可能在一部法律的立法階段即十全十美,畢竟它在權利救濟的過程中是一項重要制度,而且應認識到對此的規范屬于綜合的系統工程,不可能一蹴而就,所以歸納其在立法及司法實踐中應遵循的基本原則具有深遠的意義。
  5. Shifting the burden of proof of is the special provision and exception of the principle of burden of proof, during drafting " civil evidence code ", divergences about how to regulate the burden of proof appear, jurists have diffirent opinions on it, this paper set out from those divergences and disputes, discussing in detail with six sections : the disputes on the shifting the burden of proof, reasonable define the conception about shifting the burden of proof, the relation of shifting the burden of proof and deduction, shifting the burden of proof in present law and regulations, the function of shifting the burden of proof and the civil cases suitable for this regulation, legislative proposition. this artical elabrates the theoretical and realistic foundation of shifting the burden of proof. moreover, shifting the burden of proof is a phenomenon of proceeding and other regulations of solution to disputation, it is not confined to those laws and regulations of procedure, but also exist in substantial law

    舉證責任倒置是舉證責任分配規則中的特殊與例外,在民事證據法的草擬過程中對舉證責任倒置的存廢與否產生了分歧,法學界對此的觀點也呈現出百花齊放的態勢,本文從舉證責任倒置爭議與分歧的觀點出發,基於舉證責任倒置存在與否的爭議、舉證責任倒置概念的合理界定、舉證責任倒置與推定的關系、舉證責任倒置在我國現行法律中的體現、舉證責任倒置的功能及可適用民事案件的具體類型、舉證責任倒置立法完善的構想共六個部分具體闡述,從理論角度、司法實踐及立法構想三個不同的視角分析舉證責任倒置在我國的存在的理論意義、現實意義與立法前景,表明舉證責任倒置不僅在我國具有立法基礎而且有實踐環境,闡述舉證責任倒置雖然是出現于訴訟或是解決爭議的其他程序中的一個現象,但它又不局限於訴訟及其他解決爭議的程序規范,從現有的法律規范及法律實踐來看,舉證責任倒置與實體法是「同呼吸,共命運」的,用句老話說就是「皮之不存,毛將焉附? 」
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