should cost budget 中文意思是什麼

should cost budget 解釋
應該成本預算
  • should :
  • cost : n 1 費用；代價，價格；成本。2 犧牲；損害，損失。3 〈pl 〉訟費。vt （cost; cost）1 值，要價（苦幹...
  • budget : n 1 預算，預算案。2 經營費；生活費；（有限制的）供應，來源。3 〈古語〉〈方言〉小皮包；小皮包中的...
  1. Article 34 with respect to major public construction projects and major policy implementation plans, before the budget estimates and budget proposals are compiled, a cost efficiency analysis report on the alternative measures and substitute measures must be first drawn up and attached with a description of the financing and capital employment. and the report should be forwarded to the legislative yuan for its files and reference

    第34條重要公共工程建設及重大施政計畫，應先行製作選擇方案及替代方案之成本效益分析報告，並提供財源籌措及資金運用之說明，始得編列概算及預算案，並送立法院備查。
  2. Fourthly, different means of payment can influence the expenses, disposition of medical resources and medical quality of the hospitalization cost. the best medical insurance means of payment, should be a budget system of the total value

    第四，醫療保險費用的支付方式是該制度運行的一個重要環節，不同的支付方式會影響醫療費用的開支、醫療資源的配置及醫療質量。
  3. The second chapter studies the economy of ship ' s power plants, based on the aspects of lowering fuel cost, waste heat recovery, the match of ship, machinery and propeller, increasing propulsion efficiency, increasing the economy of ship ' s power plants, etc. the third chapter discusses in detail the control measures of voyage change cost, analysizes systematically the voyage change cost based on the way of fuel cost, harbor cost, voyage venture cost. the fourth chapter studies the structures and control measures of seafarers cost, maintenance cost, spare parts and stores cost, lubricating oil cost, etc. which are relatively easy to be controlled ; based on the state maintenance decision - making, a mathematical model is put forward, the validity and its solve process are discussed. the control measures of spare parts, fuel cost and lubricating oil cost should be based on scientific budget, through the control means of application, reception, usage, store check, try to acquire the inosculation of theory

    第一章主要討論營運船舶運輸成本，對船舶運輸成本的概念、結構、性質與分攤、成本細分進行了分析，從宏觀上闡明了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第二章研究了船舶動力裝置的經濟性，在營運船舶降低油耗、廢熱利用、船機槳匹配、提高推進效率、提高船舶動力裝置經濟性的有效途徑等方面進行了闡述和論證；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，全面系統地分析和總結了航次變動成本，通過對燃油成本、港口使費、航次風險成本的分析與控制，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用控制、維修保養及其費用控制、船舶備件物料管理及其費用控制等幾個主要可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相互的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的馬爾可夫數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、燃潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章，結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討，旨在揭示成本發生的動因，並給出了成本預算、核算的編制方法。
  4. The author considers as follows : ( 1 ) we should understand how to define the price of architecture products the cost of engineering and the price of engineering, we should compare the connotations of plan price, float price and market price, we should clarify how engineering cost and architecture installation engineering cost are formed and what is the difference between balance price and final accounts price ; ( 2 ) through analyzing and comparing the account bases and composing contents of enterprise individual production cost and social average production cost, analyzing from the design mechanism ' s function of auction and bid and the purpose of actualizing auction and bid, we can confirm that the foundation that the titles are weeded when judged is enterprise individual production cost, not social average production cost ; ( 3 ) the author considers there is diverge between shop drawing budget based on ration and auction and bid, carrying out bill quantity of construction works can advance the formation of cons truction - product market price, also is the outset and integrant route to close international, but though code of valuation with bill quantity of construction works has a lot of advantage to advance the form of architecture market price, we also see it has lack and it should be amended

    針對以上問題，筆者認為：應該了解建築產品價格與工程造價、工程價格是如何界定的、比較建築產品的計劃價格、浮動價格與市場價格的含義，搞清楚工程造價的構成和建築安裝工程費用的構成以及竣工結算價格與決算價格的區別；通過分析、比較建築產品的「社會平均生產成本」和「企業個別生產成本」的計算依據和構成內容，從招標投標的設計機制的功能和實施招投標的目的來分析，確認在評標中剔除低於成本價標書的依據是投標企業的個別生產成本，而不是社會平均生產成本；筆者認為以定額為計價依據的施工圖預算方法與招標投標之間存在悖論，工程量清單計價的推行是對建築產品市場價格形成改革的推進，也是建築產品價格形成方式與國際接軌的開端與必經之路，但是也必須認識到雖然《建設工程工程量清單計價規范》具有推進建築市場價格形成的諸多優勢，但仍存在不足與需要完善的地方。
  5. According to start point of different budget preparation, enterprise budget management can be divided into five patterns too, namely capital budget based start - point, production based start - point, sales based start - point, target cost based start - point ( cost control ), and target profit based start - point. different patterns hold different character and adapt to different business, different business development phases, and different business objectives, which should make choices tactically

    根據預算編制的起點不同，企業預算管理又可分為以資本預算為起點、以生產為起點、以銷售為起點、以目標成本（成本控制）為起點、以目標利潤為起點等五種模式，不同模式具有不同的特徵，適合於不同企業、企業不同的發展階段或企業不同的發展經營目標，具有選擇的策略性。
  6. The system maintenance or minor enhancement should be under a limited size, risk and cost that can be catered for under the budget for annual maintenance, with an evaluation of the existing system showing that no major change of the basic design is required

    系統維修或小型改善工作的規模、風險和成本是應該有限度的，及可由每年的維修預算承擔；並須根據現行系統作出評估，證明其基本設計毋須作重大的修改。
  7. The related materials and production cost of the panel should be included in the budget

    有關展板的連工包料開支亦須包括在製作費用預算之內。
  8. Full costs and benefits from each plan should be considered rather than a simple land - use budget which seeks to maximise short term revenue from land premium and to minimise infrastructure cost

    政府應盡量提高都會區的長遠價值及考慮每項計劃的全部成本和收益，而不單是制定一個簡單土地用途預算。
  9. As regards the financial strains experienced by the ha, we believe the problem should be tackled by cost containment and identification of new revenues. in view of the heavy subsidisation for public health care services, fee adjustment alone cannot ease the ha s budget deficit. the administration will consider different funding mechanisms to help the ha make ends meet

    至於醫管局的財政壓力，我們認為應透過開源節流及改善管理處理有關問題，由於現時公營醫護服務收費補貼率偏高，單靠收費調整不足以紓緩醫管局的財赤。
  10. Therefore, a budget management system of with the focus of profit orientation and cost control should be built for the generation plants

    基於此，發電企業應構建以目標利潤為起點、以成本控制為中心的預算管理體系。
  11. In order to enhance debt solvency, we should adjust charge rate, the position of toll station and charging ways and means. the establishment of discharge fund and prompting and obligation mechanism, financial management and budget control is beneficial to the improvement of debt solvency too. about new project of toll road, we must plan in detail and strengthen construction cost control ensuring favorable debt solvency of toll road

    對現有的收費還貸公路，通過調整收費標準，合理布局收費站點，改革收費方式、實施電子收費，建立平衡還貸基金、實施收費激勵與約束機制，加強財務管理，完善全面預算控制等手段提高湖北省收費還貸公路的償債能力；對今後新開工建設的收費還貸公路項目，用產品生命周期成本理論論證了公路規劃的極度重要性，說明公路項目應該做到事前科學合理規劃布局，建設過程中加強成本管理，控制建設成本，加大政府投入，以保證通車后的償債能力。
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