shrinkage strain 中文意思是什麼
shrinkage strain
解釋
收縮應變；收縮變形-
The calculation modes of the coefficient of shrinkage and creep of the bulgy core concrete in steel tube are discussed. based on a few reasonable hypotheses and the stress - strain relation of concrete acquired by the " adjusting valid modulus depending on load time " method, a compact formula is reasoned out, which is applied to calculate the equivalent elastic modulus of the bulgy core concrete considering the affection of shrinkage and creep. so, the analysis of the affection on cfst arch bridge by shrinkage and creep can be progressed by pole - girder fem, further more, the analysis precision is quite high
本文還對核心膨脹混凝土特殊的收縮、徐變系數計算模式展開了探討，在合理的假設前提下，採用「齡期調整的有效模量法」得到的混凝土的本構關系，推導出鋼管內核心混凝土在考慮徐變影響后的等效彈性模量計算公式，並以此為基礎採用桿系有限元方法來對鋼管混凝土拱橋進行較高精度的收縮徐變分析。 -
This paper analyzes the influence of sra on the shrinkage - cracking property of hpc by designing five check - up experiments including desiccation - shrinkage, autogeous shrinkage, flat - restraint, anti - chloride ion penetration and ultimate tensile strain
摘要設計了乾燥收縮、自收縮、平板約束、抗氯離子滲透性以及極限拉應變等5種試驗方法來檢驗減縮劑對高性能混凝土收縮開裂性能的影響。 -
This result has practical significance. in this paper ' s theoretical section, base on current shrinkage and creep calculational methods, analysis to the experiment project and tall building structure examples were made, and then the influence of shrinkage and creep to structure stress was put into discussion ; moreover, an fea program was compi led to calculate shrinkage and creep strain considering construction process, and through a tall building instance, the influence to tall frame structure stress was analyzed
本文的理論部分在現有收縮徐變計算方法的基礎上對本試驗工程和高層建築結構進行了算例分析，通過與彈性計算值的對比，討論了收縮徐變對結構內力的影響，以及計算收縮徐變時是否考慮鋼筋和施工過程對結果的影響；本文還編制了考慮施工過程收縮徐變的有限元程序，並進行了算例分析。 -
Creep analysis methods of high - rise buildings and large span buildings can only refer to creep coefficient method in bridge engineering or the method of degree of creep in hydraulic construction engineering under the present experiment conditions. in this paper, the incremental expressions of concrete creep and shrinkage strain when the initial computational age is not the same as the loading age are derived and corrected from the concept of concrete creep coefficient and the mean value theorem of integral and the principle of superposition. the differences of efficiency and accuracy of creep analysis between the finite element method with creep coefficient and the initial stress method with degree of creep are presented. this paper suggests that engineers should use the initial stress method with degree of creep to estimate the influences of creep on high - rise buildings and large span buildings on the basis of conceptual design
基於現有的試驗資料，高層及大跨度民用建築的徐變分析只能參照橋梁結構中的徐變系數方法或水工結構中的徐變度方法進行.從徐變系數的定義出發，利用積分中值定理和疊加原理，推導並修正了加載齡期與起算齡期不同時徐變收縮應變增量的表達式，對比了應用徐變系數分析徐變的有限元法和應用徐變度分析徐變的初應變法在效率和精度上的差別，並建議應從概念設計的角度出發，採用徐變度的初應變法來估算徐變對高層及大跨度民用建築的影響 -
Abstract : creep analysis methods of high - rise buildings and large span buildings can only refer to creep coefficient method in bridge engineering or the method of degree of creep in hydraulic construction engineering under the present experiment conditions. in this paper, the incremental expressions of concrete creep and shrinkage strain when the initial computational age is not the same as the loading age are derived and corrected from the concept of concrete creep coefficient and the mean value theorem of integral and the principle of superposition. the differences of efficiency and accuracy of creep analysis between the finite element method with creep coefficient and the initial stress method with degree of creep are presented. this paper suggests that engineers should use the initial stress method with degree of creep to estimate the influences of creep on high - rise buildings and large span buildings on the basis of conceptual design
文摘:基於現有的試驗資料，高層及大跨度民用建築的徐變分析只能參照橋梁結構中的徐變系數方法或水工結構中的徐變度方法進行.從徐變系數的定義出發，利用積分中值定理和疊加原理，推導並修正了加載齡期與起算齡期不同時徐變收縮應變增量的表達式，對比了應用徐變系數分析徐變的有限元法和應用徐變度分析徐變的初應變法在效率和精度上的差別，並建議應從概念設計的角度出發，採用徐變度的初應變法來估算徐變對高層及大跨度民用建築的影響 -
Through the experiment of the interfacial bonding shear strength and the shrinkage strain of concrete, the influence of the interfacial roughness of used concrete surface and interfacial bonding agent to interfacial bonding strength is revealed ; new concrete component and the shape and size of concrete slab are main factor affecting the shearing stress in layers
試驗結果表明：老混凝土粘結面的粗糙度和界面粘結劑類型對新老混凝土界面粘結強度影響很大；新鋪混凝土材料和混凝土路面板形狀尺寸是影響新老混凝土粘結面收縮剪應力的主要因素。 -
With the very low water to cement ratio, rpc has ultra - high strength high ductility and low permeability. in this paper, the compressive strength of rpc can reach to a high point with the number approximately 135mpa. as illustrated from the study results, we can approve some fundamental conclusions : there are big effects on rpc with deferent kinds and properties of raw materials and deferent curing conditions ; stress - strain curve shows the process of destroy with rpc samples ; x - ray diffraction analysis indicates that heat treatment at temperatures 90 accelerate the hydration of rpc sharply, therefore, mechanical and microstructural properties of rpc are highly dependent on heat treatment ; it is believed that rpc materials have excellent resistance to chloride permeability ; during the heat treatment, the shrinkage of rpc developed quickly because of chemical reactions ; the rpc with slag mostly has the advantage of rpc without slag about resistance to solutions corrosion
研究結果表明：通過對rpc各組分摻量變化的研究，可以找到rpc的最優配合比；試件成型后的熱養護制度對rpc的性能影響巨大； rpc的抗壓應力?應變曲線可以反映出試件受破壞時微裂紋的擴展情況，剛纖維的摻入可以大幅改善rpc的韌性； rpc在成型后存在較大的收縮，而其中的化學收縮要遠遠大於乾燥收縮； rpc具有很強的抗氯離子滲透性能，漿體的密實度很高；通過x射線衍射實驗，可以發現rpc的膠凝體中ch晶體已經幾乎不存在，膠凝體主要由c - s - h凝膠和未水化水泥顆粒組成；在抗溶液侵蝕的實驗中，摻礦渣rpc的抗溶液侵蝕性能在絕大多數情況下要好於不摻礦渣試件，酸、堿溶液和浙江工業大學碩士學位論文摘要一些鹽溶液都會對rpc的結構產生侵蝕作用，但是機理各有不同。 -
When the confined shrinkage value which resulted from the confined action of all above shrinkage exceed the ultimate tensile strain, cracks occur
各種收縮變形疊加后，混凝土的限制收縮值超過極限拉伸率導致裂縫的產生。 -
The influencing element and the equation of the shear strength of the no viscous moraine and gravel, and strain softening, dilatancy ( shrinkage ) were analyzed
分析了堆石料等無粘性粒狀土的抗剪強度影響因素和合理抗剪強度表達式，應變軟化、剪脹等性質。 -
It ' s the first time clearly and systematically to present the concepts of restraint influence coefficient of steel to strain increment, to curvature increment and to deflection increment due to creep which are different each other. theoretical formulae are established, and approximate formulae are also obtained while considering the characteristics of common - used concrete and ambient condition of real bridges in china. so, an approximate restraint influence coefficient method to analyze the effect due to creep and shrinkage in pc bridges is put forward, and the equations to estimate second - force due to creep considering influence of steel in system - transferred continuous pc bridges is also established
本文首次清晰而系統地提出了鋼筋對徐變的不同效應（徐變應變、徐變曲率、徐變上拱）約束影響系數的概念，建立了相應的計算式；結合我國普遍採用的混凝土的徐變特性和橋梁的構造特點及工作中南大學博士學位論文摘要環境特徵，給出了具有較高計算精度的實用計算式;在此基礎上，建立了橋梁徐變效應近似分析的鋼筋約束影響系數法，並推導出了考慮鋼筋影響的超靜定梁徐變次內力的近似計算式，可方便地應用於橋梁研究和設計中。 -
Using biomechanics methods, through the study of the influence of different injection and maintain period on the expansion efficacy and shrinkage rate of skin, a rapid expansion method with relatively big expansion area is proposed ; biomechanics analysis in vivo is been made on the expanded skin ; comparing the biomechanics property in vitro of the rapid expansion and conventional expansion with different maintaining times, the parameters such as strength, stress - strain relationship, stress relaxation and creep which reflect the characteristic of the expanded skin have been obtained ; making the research of the expanded skin ' s biomechanics changes at different stage after grafting, the long - term and short term diversified regular has been obtained ; making experimental study and discussing the changes in the microcirculation and vessel structure of exceedingly expanded shin, the relationship between survival length of flap and the changes has been gotten
本課題旨在用生物力學的方法通過動物實驗來研究不同注水擴張期和維持擴張期對皮膚擴張量和皮膚回縮的影響，探討有效獲取較大的擴張皮膚面積的快速擴張方法；對擴張皮膚進行在體生物力學特性分析；比較了快速擴張和常規擴張在不同維持期的皮膚離體生物力學特性，得到離體生物力學各參數，如強度、應力?應變、應力鬆弛、蠕變等；為全面了解擴張皮膚在移植后的近期和遠期的變化規律，做了擴張皮膚移植后不同階段的生物力學變化的實驗研究；探討了不同擴張量時皮膚的微循環變化和血管結構變化與皮瓣存活的關系。 -
Considering the characteristics of internal force and structures of simply supported pc bridges, a novel automatically step - up method ( asum ), taking into account the influence of steel arrangement, steel ratio, stress losses of tendons and time - dependent concrete modulus, to analyze creep and shrinkage effects is presented. this method accepts all kinds of expressions of creep and shrinkage, and it is easy to calculate total stress, strain of concrete and steel and deflection of bridge at any time, the expected prediction accuracy will be obtained by further dividing the time - step within duration
首先，針對預應力混凝土簡支梁橋的受力特徵和構造特點，提出了徐變效應分析的全量形式自動遞進法，可考慮截面上鋼筋位置、配筋率、預應力鋼筋鬆弛、混凝土彈性模量隨時間變化等影響，且計算式可適用於任何形式的收縮、徐變特性表達式；建立的公式可方便地求解任意時刻混凝土、鋼筋的應力與應變和跨中梁體的豎向變形，計算精度可方便地通過計算時段的細分來控制，直至給出滿意的結果。 -
Look back generally to elaborate the development and present situation of the stress - strain model of soil. according to a great deal of data of the test and research of zipingpu reservoir concrete faced rockfill dam ' s material, suggest the more reasonable stress - strain - volume change equation to contain strain softening, dilatancy ( shrinkage ) of the no viscous moraine and gravel. suggest the method to gain the model ' s parameter
較全面回顧闡述了土體本構模型的發展和現狀，根據紫坪鋪面板堆石壩築壩料的大量試驗研究，提出相對合理的應力應變關系方程，以反映土體的應變軟化、剪脹性，並提出模型參數的求取方法，求取模型參數。 -
The result indicates that due to the development of shrinkage and creep, appending stress may engender because of imbalance strain, which should be considered in structural design ; meanwhile, when calculating, considering the construction process or not may lead to an obvious error
計算結果表明，由於收縮徐變的發展，將使高層建築由於不均衡變形產生附加內力，從而導致結構受力性能發生變化，在結構設計時應予以考慮；同時，在計算收縮徐變時考慮施工過程與否以及是否扣除施工某一層前已產生的變形將會使計算結果有較大誤差。 -
All concrete structures are exposed to volume changes caused by hydration reactions in the early age. if the volume changes are restrained, stresses is generated which will cause cracking when it overcomes the tensile strength. as the mechanical properties of early age concrete vary with time, especially the creep degree depends on the time elapsed and the time at loading, to calculate the stress of concrete structure is a complex nonlinear problem. the finite element method ( fem ) can take account of the evolution of the stiffness properties, the development of thermal strain, creep, shrinkage and so on. in this paper, a general approach for numerically simulating this type of behaviour is presented firstly. then, how to solve this problem is introduced by the general finite element software ansys using the initial stress method. finally, a detailed description of an example calculation that demonstrates the potential of the numerical simulation strategy follows
早期混凝土由於水化反應都會產生體積變化.如果體積變形受到約束就會產生應力，一旦超過混凝土的抗拉強度就會產生裂縫.由於早期混凝土的力學性能是隨時間變化的，特別是徐變，它不僅與加載時間有關而且同時隨齡期而變化，因此計算早期混凝土結構應力是較為復雜的問題.有限單元法不僅可以考慮混凝土剛度的變化，而且可以考慮溫度、徐變、收縮等因素.本文利用初應力法對通用有限元軟體ansys進行了二次開發，通過工程實例計算了高層建築地下室側墻早期混凝土應力的變化過程，並提出了相應的抗裂措施
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