smoke evacuation 中文意思是什麼
smoke evacuation
解釋
排煙- smoke : n 1 煙，煙塵，煙柱；霧；水氣，蒸氣；塵霧。2 沒有實體[意義、現實性]的事物；空談；空虛。3 模糊視線...
- evacuation : n. 1. 騰出；撤退；（空襲時的）疏散。2. 抽空；排泄，排泄物。
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On subway smoke control and evacuation mode
建築防火性能化設計方法的基本框架與特徵 -
The fire design for a large building of saling books is always a very important research subject. because of the large scale, high space, high hazard of fire and particular construction of these buildings, their fire - protection designs, including fire compartmentation, safety evacuation, smoke control, construction protection and positive fire - protection device and etc., put forward a challenge to the traditional ‘ prescriptive ’ fire - protection design codes
大型公共建築物的防火設計一直是非常重要的研究課題，由於這類建築規模大、空間高、結構特殊、火災危險程度高，其消防設計在防火分區、安全疏散、煙氣控制、建築結構防火保護、主動消防設施設置等方面對傳統的「處方式」防火設計規范提出了挑戰。 -
With analyzing of the case study and based on simulating and analyzing quantitatively, this article, considering the goal of the performance - based fire - protection design is protecting occupants from being injured and keeping buildings from being damaged, thought that fire compartmentation of a large building of saling books can be divided according to their saling malls and fire compartmentation in the saling mall can be separated by the fire - proof screen. on the evacuation design, the quantity of safety exits around these buildings and the evacuation width should be increased if possible and the safety exit number, exit width and evacuation distance can be determined according to the simulating results on smoke layer temperature and height, concentration of co2 and co, occupants evacuation time and visibility. on the means of preventing and discharging smoke, the most proper measure should be determined according to their geometrical characteristics and the natural means of discharging smoke is feasible to the large building of saling books. based on analyzing of smoke
通過對案例分析研究，本文認為大型書城建築性能化防火設計研究的最終目的是保證人員生命安全和保證建築結構安全，在模擬計算和量化分析的基礎上，大型書城的防火分區可以將中庭連通的書城區域劃分為一個區，在書城場地內可以採用防火卷簾進行防火分區劃分;在人員疏散設計中，應盡可能利用書城賣場的空間設計較多的安全出口和增大疏散寬度，其安全出口數量、寬度和疏散距離可以根據人員安全疏散時間和煙氣溫度、沉降高度、 co2濃度、 co濃度、能見度模擬計算結果驗證確定;在防排煙方式的選擇上，應當根據建築物的幾何特點選取最適宜的措施，就大型書城建築而言，採用自然排煙的方式是可行的。 -
Fire design was a basic step in subway fire research, because fire scenario can affect on the study of smoke movement and safety evacuation in the subway
火災場景設計是開展地鐵火災研究的基礎環節，它對地鐵內的煙氣運動和人員疏散有重要的影響。 -
At present, the study of the fire safety evacuation in the world mainly focus on : ( 1 ) the importance of the model of egress and the ability of modeling predict a obvious tendency of the study is that there will be more behavior details included in the model in the future ; ( 2 ) the influence of the smoke and its toxicity to people which focus on the study of the influence of toxic gases such as carbon monoxide to people who exposed in fire, the test of the visibility of directional and exit signs, the behavior of the occupants in fire and the time they response to the fire ; ( 3 ) the application of the evacuation model in fire safety design, the constitute of performance - based code and building evaluating the purpose of the study of people ' s evacuation is to improve the fire safety design and cut down the number of casualties
人的生命是寶貴的，因此，世界各國的消防科研主要以生命安全為主，重點研究火災中人員的安全疏散，並提出新的性能化防火設計和性能化防火設計規范，從建築設計入手而保證建築防火設計的可靠性和建築物的火災安全性。目前，國際上對火災安全疏散的研究主要集中在以下方面： （ 1 ）疏散模型的開發和模型預測能力的改進疏散模型方面的研究一個明顯的趨勢就是未來的模型將包含更多的行為細節，注重人的行為的因素。 （ 2 ）火災中人員反應及毒性和煙的影響這一研究主要集中在一氧化碳等有毒氣體對暴露在火場中人員的影響，疏散指示標志的可見度測試，以及火災中人員的行為和對火災的反應等方面的研究。 -
This paper analyzed the criterion of the safety evacuation, factors affected on safety evacuation, calculating method of evacuation time and the smoke layer falling time, typically introduced the several calculation method that i had know, such as the japan three steps calculation method based on experience ( awareness time, travel time, queue time ), two computer modeling calculation method such as simulex and exodus and a spatial grid computer model of hongkong. and it also analyzed and certificated the application scope and difference between the computer modeling calculation methods and japan method with the practical project. all these are aimed to provided preference for performance - based design method and design of computer program for modeling evacuation of people, and advanced the steps of performance - based fire protection design method in our country
本文對安全疏散的標準、影響安全疏散的因素、疏散時間和影響疏散的煙層下降時間的計算等方面進行分析，重點介紹了作者所掌握的疏散時間的幾種計算方法，日本的三步驟疏散時間經驗公式計算方法（察覺時間、步行時間、排隊等待時間） 、以及兩種計算機疏散計算模型simulex和exodus 、香港的空間網格計算機模型的計算方法等，並結合實際工程來分析驗證疏散計算機軟體模擬和日本經驗公式法之間的不同與適用性，並對疏散計算中的重要參數，人員密度和疏散人數的確定進行介紹，旨在為我國的性能化疏散設計與疏散模擬的計算機軟體的編制提供參考，同時促進我國性能化防火設計的進程。 -
Based on setting up the fire safety goals, performance criterion, fire scenario and uncertainty factor, this article simulated the occupants ’ evacuation time, smoke spread, radiation flow etc and determined fire detector and automatic extinguishing device by using the developed engineering method. and so these buildings ’ fire safety goals, which have the equivalent safety level with the existing national standard, can be achieved and those problems, which caused by some incompliment requirements or the existing codes not adapting to the practical need, can be solved
針對這類建築存在的典型問題，通過設定消防安全目標、確定性能判據、建立火災場景，考慮不確定因素，運用已開發的工程學方法對人員安全疏散時間、煙氣蔓延、輻射熱通量等進行模擬計算，對火災探測和自動滅火設施進行分析選擇，認為大型書城建築採用至少與現行國家標準的規定等效的方法來實現建築物的消防安全目標，能夠解決現行標準與實際需要不相適應或某些不完善的規定所帶來的問題。 -
Smoke evacuation system
排煙系統 -
Taking dongzhimen station on beijing metro line 13 as an example, authors of the paper adopt cfd three dimensional simulation and one dimensional network simulation respectively to make a predictive analysis on the smoke distribution and air flow during a fire in accordance with the smoke suppression and exhaust system installed in the public area of the station and in the transit tunnels, and point out that the reliability of the smoke suppression and exhaust system is most important to guarantee the capability of passenger evacuation during a fire
摘要以北京地鐵13號線東直門站為例，結合車站公共區與區間隧道的防排煙系統設置情況，分別採用cfd三維模擬與一維網路模擬的方法，對火災時煙氣的分佈及氣流流動善進行預測分析，說明防排煙系統的可靠性對于保證火災情況下的安全疏散能力至關重要。 -
Aiming at the problems of smoke control and hvac fire protection in civil building design, analyses some provisions in the current national standards and codes for smoke extraction in inner passages, setting of fire dampers in hvac systems and setting of pressurising air supply systems in upright evacuation passages for underground and semi - underground spaces, and gives the author ' s personal opinions
摘要針對民用建築工程設計中遇到的防排煙及通風空調系統防火問題，分析了現行國家標準關于內走道排煙、通風空調系統防火閥設置、地下室及半地下室豎向疏散通道正壓送風系統設置等的相關規定，並提出了個人見解。 -
Expounds emphatically the design of air conditioning mode, smoke control and extraction, air conditioning control, and analyses the influence of smoke intensity on the occupant evacuation
重點闡述了空調方式、防排煙、空調自控等方面的設計，並分析了火災強度對人員疏散的影響。 -
The results show that only supplying air to platform stairs and simultaneously extracting smoke of fire zone can a best safe evacuation environment in the station be maintained
模擬結果表明，只有同時對站臺樓梯送風防煙和對火源所在防煙分區及時排煙，才能在車站內實現最有利於人員疏散的安全環境。 -
In this paper, performance - based fire safety design concept was adopted to analyze fire safety objective of a underground bowling alley should achieve, fire scenarios were designed and the performance of water sprinkler and mechanical smoke evacuation system was studied by using zone model
摘要採用性能化防火設計的思想，分析了某地下保齡球館火災熱煙氣安全需求，設計了可能發生的火災場景，使用區域模擬技術研究了保齡球館水噴淋和機械排煙系統的有效性。 -
According to the evaluations of personnel evacuation time and simulation of smoke layers development, the proposed approach indicates that temporary closure of the mid - stair can still meet the 2. 5 minutes standard stipulated in the moe code
通過對其維修前（滿足規范要求）和維修期間（不滿足規范要求）兩種情況下人員疏散過程的比較，並輔以煙氣運動規律的預測，得出了該建築在施工期間的安全水平。 -
Underground building with its closed, exits lacked, the people density being large, the flow direction of smoke and the spread direction of fire are consistent in the evacuation routes. fires in the underground building are much danger than over ground building. the hazards of smoke are especially strict in underground building, so smoke control in the underground building has becoming the focus
地下商業街由於其封閉性強，與地面直接連通的出入口少，內部通道的人流密度大，火勢蔓延的方向和煙氣流動的方向與人員疏散的方向相一致，因此一旦發生火災將產生比地上建築更為嚴重的後果，火災時煙氣危害將更為嚴峻，因此地下商業建築的煙氣控制研究越來越受到人們的關注。
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