soil degradation 中文意思是什麼
soil degradation
解釋
土壤破壞- soil : n 1 泥土，土壤；土質。2 土地，國土。3 滋生地，溫床。4 農業生活，務農。n 1 臟東西，污物，污穢，污...
- degradation : n. 1. 降級；免職。2. 退化；墮落。3. 【地質學；地理學】（地表的）剝蝕。4. 【化學】降解，遞降分解（作用）。5. 【物理學】（能的）退降。
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Unless economic conditions encourage farmers to invest in mineral fertilizers, soil degradation （ figure 1 ） may be expected, threatening the ability of communities to feed themselves in the future
除非經濟條件鼓勵農民對礦質肥料投資，否則就會造成土壤退化，而威脅民眾未來糧食自給的能力（圖1 ） 。 -
The study of soil degradation has become the focus of the 21st century inter - national pedology, agronomy, hydrology, environmental science and soil erosion science, however, a lot of theoretical problems and course mechanism about soil degradation are uncertain hitherto
土壤退化研究已成為21世紀國際土壤學、農學、水文學、環境科學及侵蝕學科關注的熱點，但是直到今天為止有關土壤退化的許多理論問題及過程機理尚不清楚。 -
With advantageous water, soil and organisms resources, the dadiwan culture, the yangshao culture, the longshan culture and the xiashang culture developed, original settling - down dry farming culture formed gradually, which laid sound foundation for agriculture civilization in the weihe valley ; among which, land use of arable farming was replaced largely by pastoral farming in the mixed area of agriculture and animal husbandry in north weihe region between 4 000 - 3 000 a b. p., because of dry and cold weather resulted in environment deterioration and soil degradation. at the beginning of 3 100 a b. p.,
在8500 3100abp全新世大暖期，渭河流域水、土、生物資源條件優越，人類發展了大地灣文化、仰韶文化、龍山文化和夏商文化，逐步形成了原始定居旱作農業類型文化，從而奠定了渭河流域農業文明的基礎，其間在4000刁000ab衛，渭河流域北部的農牧交錯帶，由於氣候的逐漸冷干化，導致水、土、生物資源退化，造成旱作農業土地利用方式由遊牧業取而代之。 -
The research of soil degradation in pur country is mainly concentrated on the red earth hilly area in the south in the past, and is less on the loess plateau that is one of the most fragile areas. based on field experiment and laboratory analysis, discuses the degradation mechanism, and raises the methods of refreshing and reestablishing land productivity of huangshan soil in chunhua county of shaanxi. in the hope of serving development of western regions and ecological environment construction that concede the land to forestry ( the grass )
我國以前對土壤退化問題的研究主要集中於南方紅壤丘陵區，對生態環境最脆弱的黃土高原地區的土壤退化研究相對較少，故本文以黃土高原地區陜西淳化縣的侵蝕性黃?土為對象，通過野外人工模擬降雨試驗和室內分析相結合的方法，探討了侵蝕性黃?土的退化機理，提出了恢復和重建黃?土土地生產力的途徑和方法，以期服務于西部大開發和退耕還林（草）的生態環境建設。 -
Mongolica young stand, secondary natural forest, and the mixed forest of larix olgensis and fraxinus mandshurica rupr. countermeasures for controlling soil degradation were also recommended. the study got following results : ( 1 ) from young stand to mid - age of larix olgensis, with the closure of canopy and the decrease of undergrowth vegetation cover, soil acidity, enzyme activity, total inorganic phosphorus, available k, soil moisture and total porosity decreased significantly ; while soil organic matter content, humus component content, the amount of three main types of microbes, acid phosphatase activity, and bulk density in rhizosphere soil and non - rhizosphere soil increased with the increase of the amount of forest floor litter ; from mid - age stand to near mature stand, with the decrease of stand density and crown cover as well as the restoration of undergrowth vegetation after preliminary thinning, soil organic matter content, fulvic acid, exchangeable acidity, exchangeable aluminium, neutral phosphatase activity, total amount of inorganic phosphorus, the amount of actinomycetes, soil moisture, and total porosity in rhizosphere soil and non - rhizosphere soil apparently increased ; from near matu re stand to mature stand, soil activity acidity, organic matter content, humus component content, available phosphorus, total amount of amino acid, available k, soil enzyme activity, soil moisture, and total porosity in rhizosphere soil and non - rhizosphere soil decreased, but total phosphorus, soil acidity ( in particular, exchangeable aluminium ), and bulk density increased
結果表明： （ 1 ）從落葉松幼齡林到中齡林，隨著林冠的郁閉和林下植被蓋度的急劇下降，林地土壤酸度、土壤酶活性、無機磷總量、速效鉀、土壤水分含量、總孔隙度呈明顯下降趨勢，而根際和非根際土壤有機質含量、腐殖質各組分含量、三大類微生物數量、酸性磷酸酶活性和土壤容重隨著凋落物的增加呈明顯上升趨勢；從中齡林到近熟林，由於撫育間伐，林分密度及郁閉度下降，林下植被蓋度逐步得到恢復，根際與非根際土壤有機質含量、富里酸、交換性酸、交換性鋁、中性磷酸酶、無機磷總量、放線菌數量、土壤水分含量、總孔隙度呈明顯的上升趨勢；從近熟林到成熟林，隨著林齡的增大，根際與非根際土壤活性酸、有機質含量、腐殖質各組分含量、有效磷含量、氨基酸總量、速效鉀、土壤酶的活性、土壤水分含量和總孔隙度呈下降趨勢，而根際與非根際土壤全磷含量、土壤酸度（特別是交換性鋁）和容重呈增加趨勢。 -
The combination of rapid industrialization, a vast population and intensive agriculture has led to some of the world ' s worst air pollution, widespread shortages of fresh water and soil degradation
工業化飛速發展，人口眾多，集約式農業，三種因素共同作用，使中國成為空氣污染最嚴重的地區之一，但水短缺，土地惡化。 -
The aim of the field experiment was to investigate to what extent such a system could prevent soil degradation resulting from very intensive crop rotations
此次田間試驗的目的，是研究這一方法能在多大程度上防止由於精細的作物輪作所產生的土壤退化。 -
Fruit forest soil degradation of guanyang county, guangxi and its sustainable development
廣西灌陽縣果林土壤退化與可持續發展 -
The study has investigated and compared soil physical, chemical, biochemical properties of eight stands on paired sites in mountainous regions of northeastern china, trying to look for the mechanism of soil degradation and the change trend of soil properties in different age of plantations in relations to forest productivity. the eight stands are 4 first rotation of larix olgensis plantations with different age classes, the second rotation of larix olgensis young stand, pinus sylvestris var
本文通過固定和典型樣地，對東北山地不同生長發育階段落葉松人工林和二代落葉松幼齡林以及與二代落葉松幼齡林同一塊林地的樟子松幼齡林、天然次生林、落葉松水曲柳混交林等8個林型土壤質量進行了對比與分析，深入探討了落葉松人工林土壤質量降低的機理和不同發育階段土壤質量變化規律以及與森林生產力變化的關系，並提出了林地土壤質量調控措施。 -
Soil degradation by erosion in sloping land in southern jiangsu province, china
侵蝕引起的蘇南坡地土壤退化 -
The strategy and measures to prevent the soil degradation of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica were put forward, including application of thinning rationally for existing dense plantations and establishment of mixture forest for new plantations
解決當前人工林退化的主要措施是因地制宜進行間伐或輪伐，改善林地微生態條件，盡量避免營造人工純林，建議營造混交林。 -
Recently, more attention has been given to researches on mechanisms of the formation and evolution, and spatio - temporal variation of soil degradation under highly - intensified agriculture, and countermeasures for its control and rehabilitation of degraded soil
目前，應當高度重視集約農業利用下土壤退化的形成與演變機理、時空分異規律、以及土壤退化的控制和退化土壤的恢復重建措施的研究。 -
The self - poisoning effects of chinese fir plantation are studied through the seed germination experiment with the extracts of organs, bulk soils and rhizosphere soil of different rotation plantations. the results are as follows : there are some poisonous substances inhibiting germination of chinese fir seeds in soils of chinese fir plantations. the inhibiting effect becomes stronger and stronger with increase of planting generations. extracts from the organs of chinese fir trees also have some inhibiting effects on seed ' s germination, but the effect of leaf is the strongest. lower concentration extracts of underground vegetation may be favorable to the seed ' s germination whereas the higher concentration will reverse the results. it indicates that the “ self - poisoning ” effects of chinese fir plantations might be one of the reasons for poor natural regeneration and soil degradation of chinese fir plantation
利用不同栽植代數杉木人工林根際土、非根際土及杉木各器官浸提液進行杉木種子發芽試驗，研究杉木人工林自毒作用，研究結果表明：杉木林根際土及非根際土中均存在抑制杉木種子萌發的物質，隨栽植代數增加抑制作用更趨明顯；杉木各器官浸提液對杉木種子萌發也有抑制作用，其中以杉木葉的抑制作用最為明顯，杉木林下常見植物對杉木種子發芽則表現為低促高抑效應，說明杉木人工林存在自毒作用，這可能是杉木連栽障礙的原因之一。 -
Despite the same tpyes of soils in this region ( the majority is dry red soil ), different types of soil parent materials / rocks imposed an important influence on soil infiltration due to soil degradation such as the removal of soil material and appearance of gravels / rock fragments. as a result, plant growth is closely related to the types of rocks
盡管該區不同的母質母巖發育形成相同的土壤一簡育干潤富鐵土（過去稱燥紅土） ，但母質母巖特性卻對植被生長有明顯的影響，其主要原因是土層淺薄化、石質粗骨化使土壤受巖性特徵深刻制約，導致不同土壤?母質?母巖系統表現出顯著的滲透性差異。 -
In the 1930s, western canada experienced similar problems that are facing northern - western china right now in terms of soil degradation and severe sand storms due to over cultivation
由於過度耕作，三十年代加拿大西部面臨著與中國西部目前同樣的土壤退化沙塵暴嚴重的問題。 -
Human intervention such as overgrazing resulted in a great decline in soil infiltration rates, which are an important reason for soil degradation and soil drought the experimental results showed that plant biomass and productivity increased significantly with the increase of soil infiltration rates
人為活動干擾，如過度放牧壓實土壤和去除地表覆被造成土壤滲透性顯著降低，是林地土壤質量退化及土壤水分缺乏的重要誘因。試驗結果表明，植物生物量和生產力隨土壤滲透速率的增大而顯著提高。 -
This reduces soil degradation, as freshly tilled soils are shaded and protected from heavy rains and run - off by the trees
它可以減少土地的退化，通過樹木來保持土壤不被暴雨沖走。 -
The reduction of soil nutrient content and enzyme activity, and the apparent increase of soil acidity and bulk density are likely the main reason for soil degradation in mature stand
土壤養分和酶活性的降低以及土壤酸度和容重的顯著增加是成熟林土壤質量降低的主要原因。 -
The results indicated that deforestation and cultivation led to severe soil degradation. this article also analyzed the social and economic conditions
藉助dps軟體，用主成分分析法對小流域1996 ~ 2002年的土地利用進行評價。 -
It encompasses soil degradation and the deterioration of natural landscapes and vegetation ”
它包括土壤退化和自然景觀和植被的衰退。
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