spillover 中文意思是什麼

In this section, applying the method, from abstract to specific and from history to present, it analyzes the operation mechanism of urbanization economy affected by market mechanism ; puts forward four theories of urbanization economy from economic perspective, including agriculture surplus and comparison advantage ; non - agricultural industry ; agglomeration economy and spillover effect, on this basis of the theories, it, on one hand, analyzes two kinds of internal mechanism in the chronologic operation of urbanization economies : increasing mechanism of urbanization economies in urban output industry ; and changing mechanism from specialization to integration, which are the representations of the evolution of " mart " development ; on the other hand, it analyzes two internal mechanism of dimensional operation of urbanization economy : internal spatial enlargement mechanism of urbanization economies from monocentric city to multi - center city, and external spatial enhancement mechanism which represents city - regionalization and city - chain connection, the later two mechanism represent the evolution of " polis " development

這一部分，按照由抽象到具體和由歷史到現代的研究方法，分析了市場機製作用下的城市化經濟運行機理，從經濟學角度提出了農業剩餘與比較優勢、非農產業、聚集經濟、外溢效應四大城市化經濟定理；在此基礎上，一方面分析了城市化經濟運行沿時間增長的兩個內在內容提要機制:城市輸出產業的城市化經濟增長機制和從專業化到綜合化的城市性質變遷機制，它們主要表現為「市」發展的延續;另一方面分析了城市化經濟運行沿空間增長的兩個內在機制:從單中心到多中心的城市化經濟運行的內部空間擴展機理和表現為城市區域化、城市連綿體的城市化經濟運行的外部空間擴展機理，它們主要表現為「城」發展的延續。

The income from their garage sale was a spillover from their habit of not throwing anything away

他們汽車間的拍賣所得是他們從不扔掉任何東西的習慣所帶來的意外收獲。

What are the ways to use fdi technology spillover

Fdi技術溢出途徑有哪些

Generating mechanism of spillover effect of fdi technology

技術溢出效應的產生機制研究

These people are subjected to a spillover effect

他們是指那些會受」溢出效應「影響的購物者。

On technology spillover channel of multinational enterprise in china

在華跨國公司技術外溢渠道探析

Studying on decomposition of technological innovation effects spillover

技術創新成果溢出的分解研究

Spillover effect of independent innovation in china ' s auto industry

中國汽車產業自主創新的溢出效應

Typically, the geographical localization of industry and the formation of agglomeration economy are explained as consequences of externalities such as labor force pooling, middle product putting and technology spillover according to alfred marshall

在一定的條件下，自然稟賦的地理差異確實在影響著產業聚集的形成，本文對緣于自然稟賦差異的產業聚集作了三種不同的分類。

Lowballing strategy and non - audit services : the test of knowledge reciprocal spillover ’ s existence. 2. does the scale of accounting firm influence the order of non - audit services : compare the knowledge reciprocal spillover in “ big eight ” and “ the non - big eight ”

范圍經濟表現在兩個方面:一是知識溢出，是指兩種或多種不同服務間因信息共用和資格共享所帶來的成本節約。

Therefore, a model of three sectors, respectively referring to domestic sector, manufacturing export sector and primary product export sector, has been established here to measure the technology spillover effects of export on domestic sector. finally, based on a broader framework, this dissertation went on to investigate the relationship between openness and china ' s economic growth, while the result shows that though there exists a notable dispute about how to measure the degree of china ' s openness, the index of trade dependence still maintains the better one to reflect china ' s economic openness. in the meanwhile, impulse response function ( irf ) method and forecasting errors variance decomposition ( fevd ) method, both of which are based on the vector auto - regression ( var ) system, are used here to investigate the dynamic relationship between openness and china ' s economic growth

與傳統理論不同，新增長理論和新貿易理論都強調技術進步的作用，因此本文構建了一個三部門的技術外溢效應模型（國內部門、工業製成品出口部門以及初級產品出口部門） ，考察了工業製成品出口和初級產品出口對國內非出口部門不同的技術外溢效應；第四，從更加廣闊的視野就貿易開放度與中國經濟增長問題進行研究，有關貿易開放度如何度量一直是存在較大爭議的問題，本文首先對該類研究文獻進行了較為詳盡的述評，然後運用生產函數方法對所選取的5個貿易開放度度量指標進行了檢驗，結果發現盡管一些已有研究認為外貿依存度無法真實度量一國經濟開放水平，但是本文研究結果表明外貿依存度仍是度量我國貿易開放度的較好指標，進一步採用基於var系統的脈沖響應函數法以及預測誤差方法分解法對貿易開放促進經濟增長的作用進行了動態刻畫。

The fifth chapter discusses the various effects fdius on the us economy, including investment supplement effect, technical spillover effect, effect of foreign trade and international balance of payment, employment effect and competition effect, followed by the overall assessment of the influence of fdius and its sustainability

第五章探討外國直接投資對美國經濟產生的各種效應，包括投資補充效應、技術外溢效應、貿易與國際收支效應、就業效應以及競爭效應等，並從總體上評估外資對美國經濟的影響及其可持續性。

Secondly, theoretical models for time series, such as garch, egarch, tarch and garch - in mean, and the methods of parameter estimation are introduced. then, these models are employed to test the volatility in shanghai a - share, shanghai b - share, shenzhen a - share and shenzhen b - share. next, in chapter 4, we study the co - integration and test the granger causality between the four share indexes. finally, the spillover of volatility between a - shares and b - shares markets are tested

第二，通過模型的比較分析，發現殘差基於t分佈的arch類模型較之基於正態分佈和ged分佈的arch模型能更好地刻畫我國股指收益率序列的特徵。第三，滬深a股在兩個階段的變化甚微，保持著非對稱效應，對利空消息的波動大於利好消息的波動，風險補償為正向，且風險補償系數的變化不大。

Economic analysis on knowledge, knowledge flow and knowledge spillover

知識流與知識溢出的經濟學分析

At last, we discussed the spillover and illumination level. with experiments of single beam and multiple beam lens antenna, we got results that their specifications achieved the project goals

在此基礎上，設計了多波束點聚焦透鏡天線，並對設計的多波束聚焦透鏡天線進行模擬和試驗。

Based on the simplified payoff matrix, we find, the condition under the stronger learning ability and the upper spillover, the firm can reduce its adoption cost since the technology innovation adoption is delayed, and the diffusion will take place

結合簡化后的支付矩陣對企業創新採用策略進行了分析，得出了在學習能力強、溢出度高的環境下，延遲採用策略可以減低企業的採用成本。

The reaction mechanism for methanol oxidation at pt / moox / gc composite electrode involved the proton spillover effect from hydrogen molybdenum bronze, and a bifunctional reation mechanism for methanol oxidation by providing a hydrous molybdenum oxide to oxidize the intermediates, coads, for keeping cleaning platinum surface and make it easier for methanol to be oxidized on the clean platinum

通過計時電流圖中的電流衰減情況和cv實驗結果比較可得出， pt moo _ x gc電極催化劑具有一定的抗- co -中毒性能。 pt moo _ x gc的甲醇氧化機理是通過提供水合的氧化物來提高抗co中毒催化性能和質子溢出效應，從而加快甲醇氧化速度的。

Research framework of regional economic coordinative development based on spatial knowledge spillover

基於空間知識溢出的中國區域經濟協作發展研究框架

Industry cluster can effectively realize scale economic benefit, moreover it can drive the area economic development by strong spillover effect

摘要產業集聚能充分實現規模經濟效益，並能以強大的溢出效應帶動整個區域的發展。

Experiences from fpas around the world show that appropriately sized, effectively managed and fully protected areas benefit fisheries through the spillover of juveniles and adults, and export of eggs and larvae

從全球漁業保護區的經驗所得，獲得有效管理和全面保護的區域能增加鄰近地區的幼魚成魚魚卵及魚苗量。