substrate 中文意思是什麼

The first requirement for any adhesive bond is that the adhesive most wet the substrate.

對所有粘結劑粘結的首先要求，就是必須能浸潤基材。

This is due to genetic deficiency of the adrenocortical enzyme which normally converts that substrate to a nonandrogenic steroid in the biosynthesis of cortisol

這是由於在皮質醇生物合成中將底質轉變為非產生男性特徵類固醇的腎上腺皮質酶遺傳缺陷所致。

Glutamine rather than ammonia may be the preferential substrate.

谷酰胺可能是比氨還要合適的底物。

According to the research of physiological and biochemical indicators or index, components of soluble proteins, substrate protein of phosphorylation and the activity of protein kinase in low - temperature stress in the leaves of brassica oleracea l., we tried to find the law of the physiological and biochemical response of brassica oleracea l. leaf to low temperature. at the same time, discussion on the signal transduction can also provide further evidences for revealing the mechanism of low - temperature stress. the results are showed as follows : malondialdehyde ( mda ), superoxide dismutase ( sod ), ascorbate peroxidase ( asp ) and peroxidase ( pod ) activities were changed greatly after 0 ~ 30min ' s treating with low temperature

本文以甘藍葉片為材料，通過對低溫5脅迫下甘藍生理生化指標、可溶性蛋白組分以及磷酸化底物蛋白、蛋白激酶活性的研究，以期找出甘藍葉片對低溫脅迫的生理生化響應規律，為甘藍露地越冬栽培防範寒害提供理論指導，同時對低溫脅迫下甘藍逆境信號傳導進行了探討，從而為徹底弄清低溫脅迫機理提供進一步的證據，研究的主要結果如下：丙二醛含量（ mda ） 、超氧化物歧化酶（ sod ） 、抗壞血酸過氧化物酶（ asp ）和過氧化物酶（ pod ）活性在低溫處理0 30min發生顯著變化，低溫處理3min后，甘藍葉片內mda含量基本沒有變化，處理5min時出現第一個峰值，達到對照的104 . 10 ， 10min出現低谷，僅為對照的86 . 27 ，隨后再次上升， 30min時超過第一峰值，為對照的113 . 93 。

Large amount of hydrogen was disadvantage to the basal plane orientation, but it is helpful for the c axis paralleling to the substrate

大量h的存在不利於基面平行襯底的取向的發生，但能夠滿足c軸平行襯底的條件（在一定偏壓下） 。

2 we studied the films with raman polarization spectrum. the peak intensity in the polarization spectrum of the films with basal plane not oriented on the substrate changes with the polarization condition

張生僅北京工業大學博士學位論文摘要2利用raman偏振光譜研究了薄膜的性質，對基面非平行襯底的取向， raman譜隨偏振條件的不同而變化。

E ) with the help of pecvd, we found that high substrate temperature is advantage to the basal plane orientation. higher temperature helps the particles absorbed on the substrate moved to the location of two - dimension nucleation rapidly

E ）高溫有利於基面平行於襯底的取向，在高的生長溫度下吸附於襯底表面的沉積粒子能夠迅速遷移到二維核的位置，並使粒子有足夠能量調整位置。

C ) we found that the negative bias or ion bombardment was important to the orientation variation of the films. low bias is helpful for the basal plane orientation, while under high bias the films shows that the c axis of bn was nearly parallel to the substrate

C ）偏壓或離子轟擊對取向有重要影響，低偏壓有利於形成基面對襯底平行的取向，而在高偏壓下，薄膜表現為c軸平行襯底的取向。

The fluorescence of substrate immediate influences the sensitivity of fluoroimmunoassay. 3, 3 ', 5, 5 ' - tetramethylbenzidine and 2 - chloro - 10 - [ 3 - ( 4 - methyl - l - piperazinyl ) propyl ] - loh - phenothiazine ( prochlorperazine ) are used for the substrate of immunoassay. 3 ) a novel enzyme - link fluoroimmunoassay system using 3, 3 ', 5, 5 ' - tetramethyl - benzidine as substrate to determine the complement 3 ( c3 ) was developed

酶聯熒光免疫體系中的關鍵部分在於生物活性物質的固定和熒光底物的選擇，本文試發展幾種新的熒光底物用於酶聯熒光免疫體系的檢測。

Such as when the substrates was benzidine and a - naphthol, the absortion peak was 450nm after catalyticed by dna, and 501nm after catalyticed by pod, if changing substrate to benzidine and pyrocatechol, the absortion peak was 503nm after catalyticed by dna and 603nm after catalyticed by pod. the second difference was the different result after hplc : the result of hplc ( substrates : benzidine and a - naphthol ) showed that the products under the affect of dna and pod had different value on the peak and the area

然後對以聯苯胺與-萘酚為底物，以h _ 2o _ 2為氧化劑，進行高效液相色譜分析，分析結果表明dna與過氧化物酶作用后的產物在峰面積和峰高上有不同數值；同時，不同形式的dna對該反應都有催化活性，表明只要是生物來源的dna （非特異性dna ）都具有一定程度的催化活性。

The element employs a bifilar wound wire grid on an insulating substrate.

元件系用雙股繞線網纏繞在一塊絕緣基板上。

Study of " ph memory " and activity water ( aw ) in processing of immobilization indicates that former factor has much effect on transformation and the latter just has little effect. permeabilization treating of baker ' s cell with alcohol and ultrasonic leads to lower transformation rate, which illustrates that permeabilization procedure has negative role on biotransformation with whole cell as biocatalyst in organic solvent. in simple dynamics research amount of biocatalysu concentration of substrate and reaction course are considered and all of them have remarkable effect on transformation

Ph記憶、水活度及通透性處理的實驗結果表明， ph記憶對轉化有明顯的影響，水活度對模型反應的影響不大；作為完整細胞生物催化，細胞的通透性可能是傳質阻力的重要組成部分，利用不同濃度的乙醇和超聲波對細胞進行處理，結果表明，在有機相完整細胞生物催化中，通透性處理對轉化產生的是負面影響。

The cdte films doped te are deposited onto glass substrate by close spaced sublimation. the x - ray diffraction data indicate the pure cdte films are polycrystalline zinc - blende structure with grain orientation predominantly along ( 111 ) direction. the electrical properties of cdte films are investigated by hall effect measurement using the van der pauw method

X射線衍射分析表明，純cdte薄膜是立方閃鋅礦結構， （ 111 ）晶面取向生長； hall效應實驗測量發現薄膜電阻很高，呈p型電導，面電阻率數量級達1010

The results are summarized as follows. solid culture. in preliminary experiments, broomcorn millets ( yielded by the crop panicum miliaceum l. ) and foxtail millets ( yielded by the crop setaria italica l. ) were determined as optimal substrate for solid culture of p. delphacis

主要研究內容和結果分述如下：固體培養篩選確定了以黍米（ panicummiliaceuml . ，俗稱黃米）和粟米（ setariaitalical . ，俗稱小米）為最適固體培養基質，對飛虱蟲癘霉進行了成功的繁殖試驗。

Sporulation on cultures of both millet species lasted for 6 days on non - nutritional substrate at 25c and l : d 12 : 12. compared to 2. 3 0. 3 x104 conidia discharged from each cadaver of myzus persicae adults killed by p. delphacis with a < 60 - h duration of sporulation, 5. 6 - 1 a and 3. 7 - 4. 7 times more conidia were discharged from each of the broomcorn millets cultured for 5 - 11 days and from each of the foxtail millets cultured for 3 - 11 days, respectively, with an over doubled sporulation duration

相對于新鮮蚜屍2 . 3 0 . 3 10 ~ 4個孢子/頭的平均產孢量和60h的有效產孢時間， 5 11d黍米培養物的產孢潛能高出5 . 6 7 . 4倍， 3 11d的粟米培養物的產孢潛能則高出3 . 7 4 . 68倍，有效產孢時間均延長1倍以上。

Carboxylase an enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of carbon dioxide into a substrate molecule

羧化酶：一類催化二氧化碳合成底物分子的酶。

Substrate binding, catalysis, and product release

底物結合催化和產物釋放

This product is a highly effective and penetrating - tylpe water - proofing agent that is also environmentally friendly and has strong chemosmosis integration properties that can remedy tiny cracks in the substrate materials and is also permeable to air

產品功效：本品為自然滲透型石材防護劑，高效、環保、化學滲透結合力強，能彌補石材細小裂縫，具有透氣性。

The study of the ester deriviatives of florescent substances used as the substrate of cholinesterase in human blood

血膽堿酯酶底物的研究

A way to circumvent the problem is to fabricate devices in small islands of silicon on an insulating substrate as shown in fig. 32.

消除這個問題的一個方法是把器件製造在絕緣襯底的硅島上，如圖32所示。