surcharge preloading 中文意思是什麼
surcharge preloading
解釋
超載預壓法- surcharge : n 1 過重，裝貨過多，超載；裝填過多；負荷過重；充電過度。2 過高的要價。3 附加費；（對納稅人的）虛...
- preloading : 初始負載
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Experimental study on mechanism of reinforcing soft foundation of bridge head by vacuum combined with surcharge preloading
真空聯合堆載預壓法軟基加固現場測試研究 -
For the foundation treatment of the experimental segment of the south shore expressway of the hangzhou bay cross sea bridge, the in situ monitoring has been conducted for more than two years by use of vacuum - surcharge preloading
摘要結合杭州灣跨海大橋南岸接線高速公路試驗段工程，對真空堆載聯合預壓技術處理的試驗斷面進行了長達兩年多的現場測試。 -
Abstract : the paper describes the application of vacuum preloading in combination with surcharge preloading to improve soft soils for la rge working load in the storage area of phase of nanjiang coal terminal of ti anjin port. analysis is made on the result of the improvement and it is concluded that the technique of vacuum proloading in combination with surcharge preloadin g can be used to improve soft soils for large working load and the result can be remarkable
文摘:本文介紹了大使用荷載條件下真空聯合堆載預壓技術在天津港南疆煤碼頭堆場（二期）軟基加固工程中的應用情況，並對加固效果進行了詳細分析，得出了大使用荷載條件下可採用真空聯合堆載加固軟基且加固效果明顯的結論。 -
Through analyzing the in - situ data such as total settlement, layered settlement and pore water pressure, the actual deformation behavior of soft foundation are mastered. after summarizing the methods of predicting settlement of soft foundation and bring forward a method to predict the post construction settlement of the surcharge preloading soft foundation. and the engineering application of the predicting foundation settlement based on “ law of massaction ” and the traditional predicting methods are compared, the results shows that the model is useable and it deserves more validation in more projects
本文以深圳灣軟基處理工程試驗區為背景，通過對淺層沉降、分層沉降、孔隙水壓力等資料的分析，掌握了軟基變形的實際性狀;在總結軟基路堤沉降預測方法的基礎上，探討了軟基超載預壓工后沉降預測的參數反演法;並對地基沉降預測的「質量作用定律」模型的工程應用與傳統的預測方法進行了對比，驗證這種方法是可行的，得出了一些有用的結論。 -
According with the characteristics of pore water seepage and soil deformation, the 1 - d rebound anti - consolidation model is set up. then the anti - consolidation differential coefficient equation is deduced and the corresponding a nalytical solution is obtained. in succession using the above theory, the influence to effective stress area ratio of some factors, such as preloading time, surcharge ' s magnitude and the depth of vertical drain
針對卸載后淺部地基孔隙水滲流和土體變形特性，建立了軟土地基一維回彈吸水固結模型，推導了吸水固結微分方程，並求出了方程的解，同時，給出了回彈變形計算公式。 -
The shear strength increases by 3 - 6 times after improvement through vane shear test and the resistance increases largely through cpt. the soft foundation treated by vacuum combined with surcharge preloading is very effective. second, the mechanism and some problems of vacuum combined with surcharge preloading were analyzed
通過十字板剪切試驗與靜力觸探試驗，加固後土體的抗剪強度一般可提高3 6倍，錐尖阻力與側壁阻力也有大幅增長，說明真空聯合堆載預壓加固軟土地基的效果顯著。 -
Based on the former research, several works in this paper is listed as follow, which is studied by experiment research, theoretical analysis and numerical calculate : firstly, based on local observation and laboratory experiment result, consolidation mechanism of vacuum - surcharge preloading is analyzed form typical mechanics and microstructure seepage factor. a great deal of observed dada is employed to analyze the deformation characteristics of soil after being treated and variation law of pore water pressure
本文在前人工作的基礎上，通過試驗研究、理論分析、數值計算等手段主要進行了以下幾方面地工作： （ ）分析了大量現場觀測成果及室內外試驗資料，從經典力學和微觀滲流兩個角度解釋了塑料板排水真空-堆載聯合預壓法加固軟基機理，總結了該法加固的土體變形特點、孔隙水壓力變化規律。 -
It was found that longer surcharge preloading duration could make the total magnitude of deformation of soft clay larger, and the more surcharge preloading duration and the larger opr, the less magnitude of secondary compression deformation of soft clay after unloading was, compared with that under permanent pressure loading
研究表明，超載作用時間過長會使地基的總變形量增加，相對于等載預壓過程，超載的作用時間越長、超載比越大，超載卸除后的次壓縮變形越小。 -
( 2 ) improved the laboratory test apparatus, and made four kinds of laboratory experiment, those are vacuum preloading, surcharge preloading, vacuum combined surcharge preloading and each direction equal loading
（ 2 ）改進了現有的試驗儀器，並進行了真空預壓、堆載預壓、真空-堆載聯合預壓及各向等壓的試驗。 -
A study on vacuum and surcharge preloading method
真空聯合堆載預壓 -
It indicts that, in the deep & thick soft ground improved by preloading or surcharge loading with sand drain partially penetrating, post - construction settlement mostly results from the dissipation of remained excess pore water pressure and the proportion of compress occurred in under - lying soft layer to total post - construction settlement is becoming larger with the time
而後，結合工程實例，分析了超載預壓時間、超載大小以及豎井處理深度對深厚軟土末打穿豎井地基有效應力面積比r的影響，探討用r作為深厚軟土未打穿豎井超載預壓地基卸載控制標準的可行性。 -
( 8 ) for the sake of overcoming the shortage of the former work, axisymetrical analytical solutions of vacuum combined surcharge preloading were deduced, the effect of surcharge loading speed was considered and vacuum was regard as instantaneous load, so we can take account of effect of surcharge loading time, well resistance and smear, it is more closed to practical engineering
（ 8 ）根據以前真空-堆載聯合預壓解析解的不足之處，推導了真空-堆載聯合預壓下地基孔壓及固結度的解析解。本文的解析解將真空荷載視為瞬時施加，而將堆載荷載的施加考慮為線性施加過程，因此可以考慮堆載施加的時間影響，與實際工程情況更摘要加接近，並可同時考慮井阻、塗抹的影響。 -
Simplified nonlinear analysis of subsoil improved by vacuum combined with surcharge preloading
堆載聯合預壓加固地基簡化非線性分析 -
Vacuum combined with surcharge preloading is a good method to reinforce soft foundation at bridge - head
真空聯合堆載預壓法是一種較好的橋頭軟基處理方法。 -
The vacuum combined with surcharge preloading developing from vacuum preloading is a useful strengthening method to soft soil foundation
真空堆載聯合預壓法是在真空排水預壓法的基礎上發展起來的一種加固軟土地基的有效方法。 -
The calculated results from one construction site indicated that shorter opr also could satisfy the demand of control settlement when surcharge preloading duration was longer
工程算例表明，在較長的超載時間情況下，較小的超載比也可以滿足工程需要。 -
Vacuum preloading and vacuum combined surcharge preloading are effective methods to improve soft foundation. along with our country ' s construction upsurge, these two methods were used more widely
真空預壓法及真空-堆載聯合預壓法作為一種軟土地基處理方法，具有諸多優點。 -
( 9 ) simplified calculate method of settlement under negative pressure was researched. integrated with axisymetrical analytical solution, we can design the foundation improved by vacuum preloading and vacuum combined surcharge preloading
（ 9 ）研究了真空作用下地基沉降與堆載的不同之處，提出了負壓下地基沉降計算的修正方法。 -
The result shows that the deformation and improvement of soil of vacuum preloading is more closely to each direction equal loading, and the improvement degree of soil is better than surcharge
結果表明真空預壓在變形、土體加固等方面接近於各向等壓，土體加固效果要優于堆載預壓。 -
There are some developments of improvement principle, construction techniques and design theory, but there are more questions to solve such as the depth of improvement, the change of underground water, difference between vacuum preloading and surcharge preloading, effect of vacuum preloading to the environment, computation method, and so on. this status limited the more application and development of these two methods. more and more researchers " attention in the world focuses on these questions
如真空預壓法的加固深度、真空預壓區地下水位的變化情況及真空預壓和堆載預壓加固效果的差別、真空預壓對周圍環境的影響等問題以及缺乏簡便實用的真空預壓設計計算方法等，因此制約了該方法的進一步推廣和應用，已引起國內外學術界和工程界的廣泛關注。
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