surface of the soil 中文意思是什麼
surface of the soil
解釋
表土層-
However, for its thin thickness of bound water membrane for the surface of tamped soil particles, its small expulsive force between grains and fast resumption of the strength, tamped soil shows a good thixotropy
但夯後由于土顆粒表面的結合水膜厚度薄，粒間斥力小，強度恢復較快，因而又表現出較好的觸變性。 -
To utilize hydraulic soil evaporimeter and supporting meteorology, radiation, the materials on the surface water evaporation, considering the influence of each factor of " soil - plant - atmosphere " system on soil evaporation, we set up calculating model of the soil evaporation which is suitable for the heilonggang region
利用水力式土壤蒸發器及其配套的氣象、輻射、水面蒸發儀器觀測資料，綜合考慮「土壤植物大氣」系統中的各個因素對土壤蒸散的影響，建立了適于黑龍港流域的土壤蒸散量計算模型。 -
The earth surface of the region across it is mostly thicker humus soil or leaf falling covering layer, and has good heat reserving property, it is mostly weathering shingle, soil - aggregate mixture, and clay - gravel 0. 5m - 4. 0m under it, and weathering rock
所經地區的地表多為較厚的腐殖土或落葉覆蓋層，其保溫性良好，下層0 . 5 ? 4 . 0米多為風化沙礫、碎石土和礫石土， ， 4 . 0米以下為風化巖石。 -
Laterite a hard crust that may form on the surface of the soil in tropical regions with alternating wet and dry seasons
紅土：在熱帶地區，土壤表面由於干濕交替而行成的具有堅硬外殼的一種土壤。 -
The surface of the soil particle will have a negative charge.
土粒表面會有負電荷。 -
The rill only existed on the slope surface of the dyke could be rapidly infilled by the soil after rainfall
但水溝發生在地面上，降雨過后，可迅速填平。 -
Temperature changes drastically in the first few centimeters above and below the surface of the soil.
土壤表面上下幾厘米處的溫度變化是大的。 -
Meanwhile, most aspects about this perspective are concerned, which include quantification of the soil water background of the plateau area, the regional spatial variation of soil water background and variation along the slope, mosaic structure and seasonal changes etc. the results show that : ( 1 ) for the fundamental circumstance for vegetation development is the original debilitated slope, so the perspective of soil water background specially for the loess plateau refers to the soil water conditions on the original slope. ( 2 ) the value of soil water background appears to be a descending trend from south to north based on the difference of vegetation zones. in the forest zone, soil moisture contents beneath 3m depth from the soil surface are more than 12 % usually ; in the forest - pasture zone, the values of soil moisture content beneath 4m depth underground are more than 6 % and stable, and tend to be ascending while the depth increases ; but the values in the dry pasture zone is lingering between 4 % to 6 % from the surface layer to sub - layers
發展了「土壤水分背景」的概念，並以之為基礎對其各個方面進行了研究，使之形成一個相對獨立和完整的體系，主要包括黃土高原土壤水分的背景值、土壤水分背景的區域分異、坡面分異、鑲嵌結構及其季節分異等： （ 1 ）由於植被生長發展、演替的基礎階段是天然草被群落，故認為黃土高原的土壤水分背景在概念上是特指該區天然草被群落下的土壤水分狀況； （ 2 ）黃土高原的土壤水分背景值，根據植被地帶的不同表現出自南向北逐漸降低的規律：森林地帶3米以下土層水分背景值普遍穩定地高於12 ，森林草原地帶4米以下土層水分背景值穩定大於6 ，且均隨土層的加深水分含量逐漸增加，而草原帶的土壤水分背景值自土表至底土層一直在4 6之間徘徊。 -
But all the surface of the waste looked level. it showed no variation but of tint : green, where rush and moss overgrew the marshes ; black, where the dry soil bore only heath
可是荒原的表面看上去都一樣平坦，只有色彩上有些差別燈心草和苔蘚茂密生長的濕地呈青色而只長歐石南的干土壤是黑色的。 -
The test study change of the soil pressure, the touch pressure between pipe and soil, pore pressure, the movement of depth soil, the underwater level and the deformation of earth surface in process of pipe jacking
研究了頂管施工過程中引起的土壓力、土體與管壁的接觸壓力、孔隙水壓力、深層土體位移、地下水位的變化以及地表變形等的影響。 -
Based on analysis of the characteristics of the composite soil nailed wall, simulating the soil nail, concrete layer, deep mixing pile and step excavation, a model is established to calculate the deformation of the wall, compiled simple and applied program of one dimension fem ; according to the field test data and the calculated data by the fem software this paper has developed, the design method and deformation of the wall in xi ' an area is discussed. the shape of destructive sliding surface of the wall in loess strata in xi ' an area with deep groundwater is gotten. finally the lateral deformation distribution and the experiential formula to predict maximal horizontal displacement of the composite soil nailed wall are given
針對復合土釘墻構造的特點，建立了模擬復合土釘墻受力變形的一種計算模型，該計算模型可對土釘、面層、深層攪拌樁以及分層開挖等進行簡化模擬；編寫了簡單實用的桿系有限元程序；結合工程實測資料及有限元法分析的結果，探討了西安地區的土釘設計以及復合土釘墻的變形規律，得出了西安地區一般黃土在無地下水時的破壞滑動面形狀，復合土釘墻的側向變形曲線以及計算復合土釘墻最大水平位移的經驗公式。 -
Because of the different material property of the piles and soil, shear stress is produced on the contact surface between piles and soil, which may cause slide and crazing of the soil mass under workload. in order to reflect the mechanical character precisely on the contact surface, a new kind of element, plane - plane contact element is introduced. the principle of the process is presented in detail and the finite element model is established with the consideration of the soil ' s elastoplastic constitutive relation
由於樁體結構的材料性能與周圍土層性質相差較大，在荷載作用下有可能在其接觸面上產生較大的剪應力從而導致錯動或開裂，為了充分反映樁土接觸面上的受力及變形特徵，考慮樁土之間的共同作用，在樁土接觸面處設置面面接觸單元，將採用接觸單元和不採用接觸單元兩種演算法的計算結果與模型試驗結果進行比較，驗證了本文接觸界面處理的合理性。 -
Preparation for construction : the surface of the under layer should be even and firm, and in accordance with the design requirement, without loose material and flaccid site, and need to reroll 2 3 times within full - width range of the subgrade with vibrating roller before the construction, as well as test the compaction and defecting, to check whether there is unqualified point in the soil base
施工準備：施工前下承層表面要平整、堅實，符合設計要求，無鬆散材料和軟弱地點，施工前要用振動壓路機在路基全寬范圍內復壓2 3遍，同時進行壓實度及彎沉檢驗，檢查土基中是否有不合格點。 -
With the help of this program, this paper does research on the moved backwards of the slide surface, lengthening the anchor section, the soil nail ' s total force, gets conclusion about relations between the soil nail ' s length and the slope ' s grade, height, soil ' s mechanical parameter ; relations between soil nail ' s total force and coulomb soil pressure. with the help of the large multiuse finite element program ansys, this paper analyzes the soil nailing in one - step ' s slopes, in two - steps " slopes, puts the emphasis on the axis force ' s distributing along the soil nail at each rows, the effect of both the excavating mode and the original slope figure to the axis force of the soil nail, the one another effect between the upper - step slope and the nether - step slope in the soil nail ' s axis force, gets conclusion about the design of soil nail at the first low, different slope body is the same with different excavating mode, the original slope figure has more effect to some than others because of the slope body, the reasonably design of the step width in two - steps slopes, the two - steps excavating and retaining has more virtue than the one - step ' s. through soil pressure analysis this paper does research on the differences and the links between the coulomb soil pressure theory and the rankin ' s, the vertical pressure at the slope surface when the slope surface is inclined and the retaining wall is rough, the soil pressure ' s distributing behind the panel, gets conclusion about the effect of both the slope body inner stability and the slope surface local stability to the soil pressure
通過分析比較，論證了對數螺旋線型比圓弧形作為邊坡的假設滑裂面具有較多的工程優點，並為此編制了一個採用極限平衡法分析土釘支護的fortran語言程序，以此作工具對滑裂面的后移、土釘錨固段的超長、土釘總力的大小等方面作了研究，得出了有關土釘的長度與邊坡的坡角、坡高、土體力學參數的關系、土釘總力與庫侖土壓力間的關系等結論；採用大型通用有限元數值分析程序ansys分別對採用土釘支護的一階邊坡、二階邊坡進行分析，重點是研究各排土釘的軸力分佈規律、開挖方式及原始邊坡形態對土釘的軸力的影響、上下階邊坡在土釘軸力方面的相互作用，得出了有關第一排土釘的設計問題、不同類型的土體應適用於特定的開挖方式、原始開挖出的邊坡形態對一些類型坡體的邊坡土釘支護有較大的影響而對另外一些影響不大、二階邊坡臺階寬度的合理確定、二階開挖及支護比一階時具有較多的工程優點等結論；通過土壓力分析對朗肯、庫侖兩種經典土壓力理論的區別與聯系、坡面傾斜及墻背有摩擦時的坡面豎向應力分佈、面板背土壓力的分佈形態作了研究，得出了邊坡支擋土壓力受坡體內部穩定與坡面局部穩定兩個方面的影響、土釘支護面板背土體中卸荷拱的存在對面板受力有利等結論。 -
Calculation results show that the suction of the soil close to slope surface is mainly controlled by rainfall infiltration and evaporation, while the deeper soil ' s suction is controlled by the gravity and groundwater conditions
指出非飽和土邊坡近坡面土體吸力主要受入滲、蒸發條件控制，而深層土體吸力主要受重力及地下水條件控制。 -
Abstract : in surface oil and gas geochemical exploration, the physiographic environments of the geochemical surveying points, especially the variation of the soil media, will exert obviously different interferences on different technical indices. a comparison of anti - interference capacities between such techniques as adsorbed filaments, acid - dissociated hydrocarbon and phase state hydrocarbon reveals that the adsorbed filament index has evident anti - interference capacity
文摘:地表油氣化探中，測點所處的自然地理環境，特別是樣品介質條件的變化，對不同方法指標所產生的干擾作用有明顯的差異，通過對吸附絲、酸解烴和相態烴方法的抗干擾性比較，發現吸附絲指標具有明顯的抗干擾能力。 -
It was shown that when the soil pressure on the stepped rsrw was relatively small, its distribution form was zigzag, and would be affected evidently by unloading function of the step ; the potential fracture surface of the stepped rsrw was obviously different from the 0. 3h fracture surface proposed by the usual hypothesis, and would change with height - width ratio of the wall ; finally, its deformation characteristics were different from the vertical rsrw with single step
測試表明：臺階式加筋土擋墻的墻後土壓力較小，呈鋸齒形分佈，明顯受臺階卸載的影響；潛在破裂面與0 . 3h破裂面假定有較大差異，並隨擋墻的高寬比變化而變化；變形特徵不同於單級直立式擋墻。 -
In order to effectively solve the problem of monitoring time - space changes of soil moisture in large - scale regions, according to the conclusion of soil moisture retrievingby passive microwave remote sensing, a methodology of the soil surface emissivity was proposed by model bsm based on amsr - e microwave remote sensing data, proof of the relationship between surface soil moisture and surface emissivity
摘要為了有效解決大尺度區域土壤水分時、空間變化監測問題，在總結了被動微波遙感反演土壤濕度規律的基礎上，基於先進的amsr - e星載被動微波遙感數據，提出了利用雙譜模型計算土壤表面發射率的計算方法。 -
By means of increasing the length of the slope, improving the structure of the soil and the surface of the dams, reinforcing the key parts etc, we can reduce the damage of the concrete board and increase the age of the dams
通過增加坡長、改善土質和壩面結構、重點加固等措施，可有效地減少砼板的損害，延長大壩的使用壽命。 -
At the same time, the paper also analyzes the soil stress variety rules when the load was applied on the surface of the soil. through the analysis, we know the holding sheet that is overloaded represents totally different soil rules compared with rigidity wall
同時本文還對擋板在填土表面超載作用下的土壓力變化規律進行了分析，通過分析可知，擋板在超載作用下表現出完全不同於剛性擋墻的土壓力變化規律。
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