surplus of population 中文意思是什麼

surplus of population 解釋
人口過剩
  • surplus : n 剩餘，過剩；【會計】結余；【商業】盈餘；公職；〈美國〉（特指政府為了維持價格而貯存的）剩餘農產...
  • of : OF ＝Old French 古法語。
  • population : n. 1. 人口；人口總數；全體居民；人口的聚居。2. 物的全體[總數]；【生物學】蟲口；種群（量）；群體；族，組，個數；【統計學】對象總體，全域。3. 【物理學】布居；密度。4. 〈罕用語〉殖民。
  1. But this additional food is only obtained by a great additional amount of labour ; so that not only an agricultural has much less leisure than a pastoral population, but, with the imperfect tools and unskillful processes which are for a long time employed ( and which over the greater part of the earth have not even yet been abandoned ), agriculturists do not, unless in unusually advantageous circumstances of climate and soil, produce so great a surplus of food, beyond their necessary consumption, as to support any large class of labourers engaged in other departments of industry

    但是只有靠大量增加勞動，才能生產出更多的糧食，因此不僅農業人口比起遊牧人口來說空閑時間要少得多，而且由於長期使用不完善的工具和不熟練的技藝（在世界上很大一部分地區直到現在仍是這樣） ，除了在氣候和土壤特別有利的情況下，農民們生產不出超過自身消費量很多的余糧，因而供養不了大群從事其他產業的勞動者。
  2. Problems of transferring rural surplus population in the process of urbanization

    城市化進程中農村剩餘人口轉移問題
  3. Different means has been tried to prevent the surplus population of rats

    人們已經採用了不同的手段來試圖阻止老鼠的數量的過剩
  4. When the birth cohort of 1980 - 2000 entering into the marriage market, the " surplus " male population is above 20 million, which account for 10 % of the same birth cohort

    當1980 - 2000年的出生隊列步入婚姻市場時，男性「過剩」人口在2000萬以上，占該時期出生男性的10 %以上。
  5. In order to make the small - scale farming mingle with macro - market, ease high tension between laboring population and acreage of farming land per capita, lead farmers to participate in intensive faming integration, and resolve the contradiction between micro - household and macro - market, the government should create a law framework of farming land contract, construct a marketing system transacting the ownership of the contracted farming land, and strengthen training rural surplus labors

    文章提出：在目前政府實行一系列惠農、利農政策的有利形勢下，農業完全可以適時提出集約化規模經營；政府需要特別關注的是農地承包經營權方面的法律體系建設，加快農村土地承包經營權轉讓的市場建設，加大農村富餘勞動力的培養力度，真正實現農民自覺參與農業集約化規模經營中來，徹底解決當前小農戶、大市場的矛盾。
  6. The small towns play principal part in the urbanization of villages. their strengthening can not only cultivate the radiating center of rural economy, promote the surrounding rural economy ; but also recruit a large amount of surplus of rural labor force, reduce the agricultural population and enhance the whole agricultural benefits. but in the course of practice, the agricultural industrialization management and the small towns " construction are promoted respectively through different channels

    小城鎮是農村城鎮化進程中的主體，加強小城鎮建設，不僅能培育和形成農村地區經濟輻射中心，帶動周圍農村的經濟發展，而且還能吸納大量的農村剩餘勞動力，減少農業從業人數，有助於提高農業整體效益，在實踐過程中，農業產業化經營與小城鎮建設大多是從不同的渠道分別推進的，沒有較好地實現結合發展。
  7. In succession, this part states all kinds of the theories related to the transfer of agricultural laborious surplus which consists of lee ' s push - pull theory, mabogunjie " systematic theory of population migration model, fee and lewis " dual structural developing model, t. w. schultz ' s cost - utility model, m. p. todaro ' s model of the populations migration in urban and rural areas

    接著，舉出國內外關于農業剩餘勞動力轉移的理論，主要包括李的人口遷移的推力?拉力理論、馬波昆傑的人口遷移的系統理論、劉易斯和費?拉尼斯的二元結構發展模型、舒爾茨的「成本?效益」理論、托達羅的城鄉人口遷移模型。
  8. There are concrete relationship between the population pressure and the transfer of agricultural surplus labor, and in different region the population pressure is different. the rural region is the agricultural population ' s concentrated region, so in this paper, we use some mathematic analysis to calculate the population pressure in the rural region of fujian province, based on the result, we divided the rural region of fujian province into four groups : the lower pressure region ; the midst pressure region ; the high pressure region and the highest pressure region. then choose a county in the high pressure region - - - - - - yunxiao county to study the transfer of agricultural surplus labor, then analysis the affection in the transfer and the obstructive factor, and put forward some suggestion to solve the transfer in the county

    本論文利用ahp決策分析等數量分析方法對福建省鄉村地區人口壓力進行定量評估分級，把全省鄉村地區按人口壓力大小分為四個等級：低壓力區、中等壓力區、高壓力區和最高壓力，然後就高壓力區的一個縣? ?雲霄縣對農業剩餘勞動力轉移進行研究，通過對樣本村的典型調查獲得該縣農業剩餘勞動力轉移的第一手資料，結合「五普」等資料對該縣的農業剩餘勞動力轉移現狀和特點進行較為微觀的分析研究，探討影響農業剩餘勞動力轉移的各種動力機制，並就農業剩餘勞動力轉移過程中存在的各種障礙因素進行分析，在此基礎上，對雲霄縣農業剩餘勞動力的提出幾點對策和建議。
  9. The issues pending further discussion include the relationship between the flow of rural surplus labor and rural stability, flow back of rural population, the relationship between institutional changes and population flow, etc

    而尚需進一步探討的問題包括：農村剩餘勞動力流動與鄉村穩定的關系、農村人口迴流、制度變遷與農村人口流動的關系，等等。
  10. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the reasons of un - balance of demand and supply from the aspect of quality and construction, and argues that the situation of demand and supply is characterized by total surplus and structural deficiency. t he large scale of population and the high rate of labor participation lead to that the total supply surpass the demand. the capital structure, the improving technology and capital - dominance industrialization way result in the deficient demand, so they become the key reasons of unbalance situation

    再次，從總量和結構兩方面分析我國勞動力供求失衡的原因和影響因素，認為我國勞動力供求態勢的特徵是總量過剩與結構性短缺並存；從供給角度看，人口規模過大以及勞動參與率高是勞動力供給總量大於需求的主要原因：從需求角度看，資本構成、技術進步和資本深化的工業化方式是勞動力需求不足進而造成供求失衡的關鍵原因；改革前，我國勞動力就業結構轉移嚴重滯后，這與我國經濟發展戰略有密切聯系；改革后，產業結構調整使就業結構偏差得到一定的矯正，勞動力供求結構失衡的矛盾有所緩和。
  11. On the condition of the present increasing level in the food production, population and the per capita consumption and the sustainable decrease of the cultivated land, through optimizing the planting structure, increasing up the investment of technology and capital, enhancing the cultivated land fertility, the total food yield in henan province can completely satisfy the need of the economic and social development and have some surplus as well

    在糧食產量、人口及人均消費保持現有增長水平及耕地數量持續減少的情況下，通過農業結構調整，加大科技和資金投入，提高耕地地力等，河南省糧食生產總量完全能夠滿足社會經濟發展需求，並有一定剩餘。
  12. To restrain the matthew effect of the market mechanism, to master the yardstick of deriving agricultural surplus correctly, to follow the law of population floating, to make a scientific and rational programme to develop agriculture, to make industry support agriculture as soon as possible and to abolish unfair system of land ownership are fundamental ways to prevent the problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers from happening or to solve them

    抑制市場機制的「馬太效應」 、正確把握汲取農業剩餘的尺度、遵循人口流動規律、制定科學合理的農業發展規劃、廢除不合理的土地制度和加大工業對農業的反哺力度是預防和解決「三農」問題的根本方法。
  13. In the third part, in accordance with the limitations and by making good use of the advantages of agricultural development in wuhua county, the paper proposes strategies and concrete measures, which includes : to increase the agricultural investment by improving the agricultural investment mechanism ; to adjust agricultural property structure according to market orientation and the principle of priority ; to adopt measures to promote agriculture by applying scientific and technological advances so as to increase the science and technology content of agricultural products ; to divert the surplus agricultural labor force so as to ease the contradiction between a big population and the deficient land ; to synthesize the regulation and exploitation of mountain, water conservancy, forestry, farmland and roads and to promote coordinative development of agricultural ecosystem, economy and society, etc

    辯識出五華縣農業可持續發展的主要限制因子有：農業投入落後、結構優化度不高、科技提升能力不強、人地矛盾突出、農村工業化水平低。文章第三部分針對五華縣農業可持續發展的主要限制因子，結合五華縣農業發展的優勢，提出今後五華縣農業發展的對策和具體措施。主要包括：通過完善農業投入機制，增加農業投入；依據比較優勢原理，以市場為導向，調整農業結構；落實科技興農措施，提高農產品科技含量；轉移農業剩餘勞動力，緩解人多地少的矛盾；搞好山水林田路綜合治理開發，促進農業生態、經濟、社會協調發展等。
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