symmetry laws 中文意思是什麼
symmetry laws
解釋
對稱定律-
This paper includes a number of contributions on how to harmonize the macro and micro, global and local, random and structural, order and disorder, simple and complex, and so on, which is the significant task for the complexity exploration. it is research course that is more important than others, but still several conclusions have been drawn as follows : regional speciality lies in spatial complexity, the process of spatial complication starts from symmetry rebuilding in macro - level while symmetry breaking in micro - level which accounts for emergence of complex regularity, and the target of geographical evolution seems to reconstruct the symmetry laws of nature
標度律是全文的邏輯核心，通過它們將城市系統的宏觀與微觀、整體與局部、有序與無序、隨機與確定、簡單與復雜、對稱與對稱破缺等對立問題有機地統一起來。盡管如此，本文還是得出了一些基本結論:所謂地理學的區域獨特性實則空間復雜性，微觀層面的對稱破壞與宏觀層面的對稱重組是「突現」和空間復雜化的動力根源，城市系統自組織演化的優化目標似乎就是重建大自然的對稱律。 -
The secondly, based upon the laboratory soil tests, definite the parameter of the kondner model and the loess compaction model, using fortran power station to compile the finite element programmed of axial symmetry. through trial calculate with the different squeeze stress and different poisson ratio, got some laws of stress of soil surrounding pile and judged the result of compaction pile. the result of the calculation and analysis and valuable to designer and builder
同時通過室內試驗確定了特定區域黃土的鄧肯-張模型參數和黃土擠密模型，採用fortranpowerstation ，按軸對稱問題編制了存限元程序，通過採用不同的擠壓力和不同的泊松比的程序試算，得到了一些樁周土體的應力變化規律，並對擠密樁破壞半徑內的土體擠密效果進行了判定，計算與分析結果可供設計施工人員參考。 -
All the contents are developed around a set of scaling laws taking the form of exponentials which relate to almost all the issues of complexity including fractals, chaos, strange attractors, localization, and symmetry breaking, etc. the main work can be summarized as follows : starting from the law of allmetric growth three fractal dimensions in a broad sense are derived, and according to these dimensions, geographical space is divided into three levels, i. e., real space, phase space, and order space, each of which corresponds to a kind of dimension. based on the idea of spatial disaggregation and using the rmi ( relationship - mapping - reversion ) principle, the urban system is formulated as three scaling laws of the three spaces, including number law, size law, and area law, which can be transformed into a set of power laws such as allometric law and zipf ’ s law associated with fractal structure
從異速生長律的縱向、橫向和切向三個角度將地理空間劃分為實空間、相空間和序空間，分別對應于空間系列、時間序列和等級序列三個層面，每個層面的測度各有自己的空間維度。基於「空間循環細分-等級體系-網路結構」的數理等價關系，利用rmi （關系-映射-反演）原則，成功地實現了城市系統宏觀模型的理論抽象，將空間復雜性問題表徵為簡單的指數式標度定律（包括數量律、規模律和尺度律） ，這一組標度律可以與一組冪次定律（包括具有分形性質的規模-數目律、異速生長定律和三參數zipf定律）互為變換。 -
Lorentz symmetry is not based on objects looking the same but expresses instead the sameness of the laws of physics under rotations and also under boosts, which are changes of velocity
勞侖茲對稱並非以物體看起來相同為基礎，而是指物理定律不僅在旋轉中（角度不同）看來相等，在推進變換（速度不同）下也會維持不變。 -
The braess paradox model is taken as an example to reveal the essence of entropy - maximization and utility - maximization which lies in the unity of the most efficient for the whole and the fairest for local parts and individuals. the internal symmetry of the scaling laws are bring to light based on the dual model of entropy - and utility - maximization. the internal symmetry including translational symmetry, dilation symmetry, and bilateral symmetry originate from relative energy - conservation and information conservation of urban systems reflected by the dual models, and parity conservation of scaling laws
揭示標度律及其等價模型各種對稱性質，發現城市系統具有平移對稱、鏡像對稱和標度對稱等內部對稱性，這些對稱性都對應著城市系統的不可觀測量，其本質在於系統內部隱含的守恆律，包括標度變換的奇偶守恆、能量和信息的相對守恆等。 -
As for micro structure, the symmetry is broking and therefore we cannot find geographical laws in this level. the model should be aimed at macro level, but the parameters values are determined by micro activities
文章將主要的工作任務限定為復雜城市系統及其相關模型的建設、論證和解譯方面，不傾向于過早的輕率結論。 -
If applied experiential formula mechanically to calculate the dynamic moment of the tri - eccentric butterfly vavle, its errors for the results would be larger. the paper, by virtue of the postulate of flow with fixed constant, eddiless of ideal liquid, calculated laplace equation by finite difference method in rectangular coordinates, gained pressure distribution on the butterfly disc section, thereby figured out its dynamic moment under each opening angle and the method was feasible for calculating dynamic moment of symmetry or not, designed the program and described the curve of dynamic moment. finally, the paper infered their laws
採用經驗公式來計算三偏心蝶閥的動水力矩，誤差比較大，本文根據三偏心蝶閥的結構特點，利用理想流體的定常、無旋流動的假定，用有限差分法在直角坐標系中求解拉普拉斯方程，得到蝶板截面上的壓力分佈，從而計算出蝶板在各個開度下的動水力矩，設計出了求解的程序，給出了程序運行的結果並進行了數據處理從而得到了動水力矩曲線，總結了它的變化規律。 -
The external symmetry i. e. universality of geographical laws in urban sense is found to relate to the internal symmetry : the more symmetric a model is, the more universal the corresponding law is, and vice versa
研究發現，城市地理系統在宏觀層面具有對稱性質，這意味著普適性地理規律的存在;微觀層面對稱破缺，這暗示城市地理系統模型的參數具有時空變異性質。
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