terrain error 中文意思是什麼
terrain error
解釋
地勢誤差-
Applying the information extracted from numerous hydrographic data of field trials collected by h / hcs - 017, the first set of multi - beam swath bathymeter developed in china, a series of mosaic techniques have been carefully studied in this thesis, including digital terrain model building, statistical error analyzing, hydrographic data mosaicking as well as tides correction and projection of the earth coordinates. finally, standard digital sea - charts and three dimensional seafloor images are successfully developed that are consistent with hydrographic surveying principles
本文利用我國第一臺h hcs ? 017型條帶測深儀的測量數據進行拼圖技術的研究，主要研究的內容有：利用分帶原理對深度數據進行潮汐修正，得到瞬時海面的深度數據；對測深數據進行誤差分析處理，去除野值；將多波束數據進行坐標變換及投影轉換后構建數字地理模型，進而根據海道測量規范繪制標準海圖。 -
The basic concept of terrain information content is proposed after an overall review of existing research achievement. applying a series of analysis and data processing method, like math - analysis, mathematical statistics, comparative, error visualizing, this paper carefully investigated the terrain information content characteristic of dems of 1 : 50000 map scale of loess plateau area
本文在對前人已有研究成果進行系統總結的基礎上，首先明確了dem地形信息容量的基本概念，並運用數學分析、數理統計、比較分析、誤差地圖等方法，以海拔高程與等高線為研究對象，以1 ： 1萬比例尺dem為參考真值，探討了黃土丘陵溝壑區1 ： 5萬dem的地形信息容量特徵。 -
Experiment results show : ? he theory and method of information content could play an important role in the case study on the accuracy and application of dem. ( 2 ) in the loess plateau area, there are much difference between 5m resolution dems of 1 : 10000 map scale and 25m resolution dems of 1 : 50000 map scale while gathering terrain characteristic information, and yet the spatial structure of dem error have discipline and measurability on statistics. ( ? the results could offer fundamentals and methods to people on their work to research the terrain information content of dems with different scale level
研究結果顯示： 1 、地形信息容量的理論與方法對于dem精度與應用適宜性的研究具有重要的作用； 2 、在黃土丘陵溝壑區，同1 ： 1萬比例尺5米解析度的dem相比， 1 ： 5萬比例尺25米解析度dem在提取地形特徵方面具有較大的差異，但誤差的量值與空間分佈具有統計上的規律性與可估算性； 3 、以上研究結果可望為其它各級比例尺dem地形信息容量的研究提供新的理論基礎與技術方法，也可為有關規范、標準的制定提供依據。 -
In this paper, the main research works are as follows : 1 ) survey and analysis previous work in auv navigation and summarize : as the cumulate error, the dead - reckoning and inertial navigation systems ca n ' t be used without other modified system ; the acoustic navigation system is used only in small range, and is very expensive. 2 ) two important approaches in geophysical navigation techniques are summarized, one is terrain contour based navigation, this approach is investigated keystone today ; the other is image based navigation, due to no perfect image sensors and image seabed map, this approach has seldom been practised. 3 ) two important terrain contour based navigation algorithms has been applied to auv, one is match algorithm - based terrain contour match ( tercom ) ; the other is kalman filter - based sandia inertia terrain - aided navigation ( sitan )
主要研究內容包括：一、總結分析了當前水下導航的常用方法和不足之處，指出基於航位推算的導航方法，存在著最大的問題就是導航誤差的積累問題，如果沒有修正系統，這種方法很難滿足使用要求；其次指出基於聲學的導航方法，造價昂貴，導航范圍有限，難以滿足自主水下航行器大范圍導航的需求；二、總結了當前水下地形輔助導航的主要技術路線，一是基於地形高程的匹配方法，這是當前研究的重點；二是基於地形圖像的匹配方法，由於缺乏良好的圖像傳感器，和可用的海底圖像地圖，目前這種方法還有待研究發展；三、將兩種地形高程匹配的常用方法應用到自主水下航行器上：以相關演算法為前提的地形輪廓匹配（ tercom ）方法和以卡爾曼濾波為基礎的桑迪亞慣性地形輔助導航（ sitan ）方法，前者演算法簡單可靠，但是導航精度不高，後者雖然精度比較高，但存在著演算法較為復雜、有可能發散和出現奇異值等問題。 -
The first algorithm is low precise but simple and credible, the second is high precise but complex and incredible. 4 ) developed four kinds of methods aimed to improve precision and credibility of navigation system. the first is parallel sandia inertia terrain - aided navigation ( psitan ) ; the second is tercom + sitan, it can restrain two important disadvantages of sitan ; the third is particle filter - based terrain - aided navigation ( pftan ), the particle filter can reduce the error of navigation ; the last is tercom + pftan, where tercom is looked as monitor to ensure the credibility of navigation system
採用并行sitan方法來提高導航精度，並克服奇異值問題；提出了tercom + sitan方法，綜合利用兩者的優點，在保持sitan導航精度的前提下，有效地克服了sitan的兩個缺點；提出了一種基於連續蒙特卡洛濾波（常被稱為particlefilter ）的地形匹配演算法（ pftan ） ，有效地克服了利用sitan時由於地形隨機線性化帶來的誤差，使導航精度有較大的提高；提出了tercom作為監視器的地形輔助導航思想，並將其應用到連續蒙特卡洛方法上，較大地增加了系統的可靠性和精度。 -
As the cumulate error, inertial navigation system ca n ' t provide perfect position and navigation for the autonomous underwater vehicles ( auv ) in unstructured, complex and instable ocean in a long time. the application of terrain - aided navigation techniques to the updating of an inertia navigation system has been investigated
慣性導航系統是實現水下導航的一種重要方法，但慣性導航存在累計誤差，為了修正慣性導航的累積誤差，提高導航精度，本文將飛機、導彈等所使用的地形輔助導航系統，應用到水下航行器上，成功地滿足了自主水下航行器的導航需求。 -
Key issues on multi - resolution representation and real - time simplification algorithms of multi - resolution of terrain model are then studied, which are simplification algorithms of dem, relativity calculation, off - line calculation, region division calculation, visibility calculation depending on fov ( field of view ) and error control, and real - time reality rendering. the simplification algorithms of self - adaptive triangulation regular networks and hierarchical triangulation irregular networks basically depending on fov are thoroughly studied. in the end, based on theories and methods discussed in this paper, a gis platform named hypergis and hyperterrain of terrain visualization software are developed and implemented
並以jarnopeschie的演算法為基礎，全面研究了路網的自動綜合演算法通過分析研究多解析度地形表現模型和實時地形簡化應解決的關鍵技術問題，進一步研究了規則三角形網和顧及地面特徵點線的不規則三角形依賴于視點的多解析度地形模型簡化演算法；應用研究所取得的理論和方法，開發了系統實現模擬軟體hypergis和hyperterrain 。 -
And the nested error metric can eliminates the cracks in the meshes of the terrain surface automatically and implicitly
本文定義的嵌套誤差判據球可隱式地保證地表網格中裂縫的自動消除。 -
In this dissertation, the definition of an appropriate and valid nested error metric sphere is presented, and a fast continuous lod terrain rendering algorithm is proposed
本文在定義了一種合理且有效的嵌套誤差判據球的基礎上，提出了一種快速的、視點相關的、連續層次細節地形表面繪制演算法。 -
D. l. schuler has proved the elevation error from polarometric sar terrain height measured, compared with the elevation error from insar, is same statistically
試驗結果表明極化sar三維成像的高度測量誤差與insar三維成像的高度測量誤差的統計值基本相同。 -
The algorithm in this paper works efficiently at a lower error. in most applications it is impossible to realize the fast visualization and fly - through of terrain at a given accuracy
本文中的演算法效率高、誤差較小，在給定精度的情況下，能夠實現地形的快速顯示及實時瀏覽，可滿足大多數情況下的工程應用。 -
Shiphandling simulator is a device that can partly imitate the true environment at sea ， and is specially designed to satisfy marine education and trains and maritime research etc. one of its key techniques is to create the virtual environment at sea ， and the terrain is its important component. according to the needs of the real time visual display of the shiphandling simulator ， this paper analyses the requirements of the geometry precision of the important islands and background hills which are within the ships ' visible scope ， and brings forward the modeling methods of the hill ' s pileup and the hill ' s silhouette edges based on contour lines. it also presents the definition of error that the hill ' s silhouette edges graph has been given and the effective scope of application ， and firstly established the error criterion of terrain model that is built in shiphandling simulator. with these two kinds of method ， the size of data storage can be minimized greatly ， and the requirements of high update rate and geometry precision for the real time visual display of the shiphandling simulator can be satisfied
船舶操縱模擬器是一種能夠部分模仿海上真實情況，專門為滿足航海教育與培訓、航海技術研究等目的而設計研製的裝置，其核心技術之一是海上視景模擬，而地形地貌是海上視景中的重要組成部分.根據船舶操縱模擬器實時視景顯示的需要，在分析航行船舶對可視范圍內重要島嶼與背景山脈的幾何精度要求的基礎上，提出了基於等高線的山形堆積建模和山形輪廓建模方法，並給出了山形輪廓圖形的誤差定義、有效適用范圍，以及船舶操縱模擬器中地形建模的誤差準則，該方法生成圖形的數據量較小，其圖形更新速率與幾何精度能達到船舶操縱模擬器實時視景顯示的要求 -
From the points of view of multiresolution schemes and simplification techniques, those known major algorithms are classified and summarized. a simplification algorithm for terrain models based on the normal vectors of mesh vertices is proposed. its rule of simplification grounds on visual features, error metrics is from normal vectors of mesh vertices and simplifying technique is vertex removal
從多解析度方案和簡化技術兩個方面對已有的主要方法進行了分類和總結；提出了一種基於網格頂點法矢量的地形模型簡化演算法，該演算法的簡化準則基於視覺特徵、誤差測度基於網格頂點法矢量、簡化技術則是頂點剔除；在此基礎上，提出了一種與視野相關的地形簡化和繪制方法，該方法通過虛擬的網格頂點包圍球來測度誤差，實現與視野相關的地形簡化。 -
5. this thesis materializes the united processing for the error - checking function in digitalization of relief maps information and dem producing. in other words, the error - checking mechanism, considering the topological relation, is embedded in the process of producing dem. this progress provides automatic error - checking method for high - quality terrain data acquisition, and greatly improves the efficiency of digitalization for relief maps
實現了地形圖地形信息數字化的錯誤檢查與dem建立的一體化處理，即在建立dem過程中，嵌入了充分考慮地形邏輯關系的錯誤檢查機制，為獲得高質量的地形等高線數據提供了自動化檢查手段，從而大大提高了地形圖數字化的生產效率。 -
The multiresolution models for terrain texture data and geometry data are matched with each other : to achieve the goal of real time visualization, our framework selects geometry and texture patches based on the screen - space error criteria conforming to the current viewpoint
無論是幾何模型還是地形紋理均進行了多解析度組織，並且根據它們在屏幕空間的簡化誤差實時選取兩者恰當的解析度。 -
This paper presents an algorithm for regular square grid model, which based appropriate criterion and quad tree structure, the multi - resolution representation mechanism, the dynamic terrain simplification, error metrics, deleting cracks, fast generation the triangulation are discussed in the paper
摘要討論了地形模型的多解析度表示機制、節點評價函數、動態簡化演算法、裂縫的解決方法、三角網快速構建等地形可視化中的關鍵問題。
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