theoretical velocity 中文意思是什麼

Based on the analysis of the beat frequency signal, the expression of the beat frequency phase is deduced. the expression indicates physics meanings of quantities to be detected and supplies theoretical bases for detection methods. by using two - dimensional fft, the range and velocity information of target is got out from the echo. according to the periodicity range ambiguity of symmetrical pulses in fmpcw, the processing method of sliding time window is used

通過對差頻信號進行的分析，得出了差頻相位的具體表達式，表現出了要檢測的各量的物理意義，對檢測的方法提供了理論依據。利用二維fft方法，可以有效地提取回波中目標的距離與速度信息。對于fmpcw信號由於均勻脈沖產生的周期性距離模糊的問題，採取時間波門的處理方法。

Collisonal quantum interference ( cqi ) was observed in the intramolecular rotational energy transfer in the experiment of the static cell, and the integral interference angles were measured. to observe more precise information, the experiment in the molecular beam should be taken, from which the differential interference angle can be obtained precisely. in this paper, the theoretical model of cqi is described in an atom - diatom system in the condition of the molecular beam, based on the first - born approximation of time dependent perturbation theory, taking into accounts the anisotropic lennard - jones interaction potentials. the method of observing and measuring correctly the differential interference angle is presented. the changing tendencies of the differential interference angle with the impact parameter, velocity, and et al. are discussed

分子內部轉動傳能的靜態池實驗觀察到了碰撞量子干涉效應（ cqi ） ，並且測得積分干涉角，為了獲得更加精確的分子內部轉動傳能的碰撞量子干涉效應信息，實驗就必須要採用分子束實驗進行.本文理論上採用各項異性相互作用勢，應用含時微擾理論的一級波恩近似，假想在分子束實驗的條件下，建立在原子-雙原子分子體系中碰撞量子干涉的理論模型.理論上推導出微分干涉角具體表達式，通過計算定性地討論了微分干涉角隨著碰撞參數、速率等的變化趨勢，同時初步探討了實驗的正確觀測途徑，得出了採用分子束進行實驗觀測的實驗方法，為進一步進行分子束實驗提供了理論基礎，對實驗的進行起到了一定的借鑒作用

According to the " solid - particle " theoretical model, a theory model of the dynamic burning - velocity of a rocket - portfire in its igniting delay - time cannulation is established, a theory model of the dynamic delay - time is educed. the factors are analyzed, setting position and shape of a igniting delay - time cannulation that affect its igniting delay - time, the theoretical basis is offered to develop the high - level precision rocket - portfire in the air

本文根據「固體粒子」效應理論，建立了點火延期管動態燃速數學模型，導出了點火延期管動態延時控制的理論計算模型，分析了火箭空中點火延期管的安裝位置及其形態對其延期時間的影響，為高精度火箭空中點火具的工程研製提供了理論依據。

In this thesis hydraulic experimental studies and theoretical analyses on the vortex - flow drop shaft were conduced and the following results were accomplished : ( 1 ) in the model test some hydraulic characteristics including the shape of air core in the center of the drop shaft, the radial distribution of water flow velocity and the distribution of pressure on the wall of the drop shaft were measured under the condition of high water head above 250m and large discharge above 1400m3 / s. ( 2 ) a kind of computational method for the spiral water flow in the air core region of drop shaft was discussed and applied and the results agree the experimental data well. ( 3 ) the total ratio of energy dissipation in the drop shaft can reach 90 % and the energy dissipation in every region was discussed quantitatively

本文通過試驗研究與理論分析對旋流式豎井泄洪洞應用於高水頭、大泄流量情況時存在的一些水力學問題進行了研究和探討，取得以下主要成果：一、結合小灣工程導流洞改建，對高水頭（ 252m ） 、大泄流量（ 1400m ~ 3 s ）條件下旋流式豎井中的水流運動特徵進行了比較全面的測量，包括空腔形態、徑向流速分佈及井壁壓強等；二、提出了豎井空腔段螺旋水流水力計算方法，其計算結果與實測值吻合良好；三、利用試驗與計算結果，對旋流式豎井的消能機理進行了探討，對豎井各部分的消能能力有了總體認識；四、對豎井下部消力井的合理井深進行了優化試驗研究，發現消力井合理深度為0 . 9d左右；五、通過試驗研究，歸納出豎井水流總摻氣量估算方法，為導流洞排氣方案的設計提供了參考依據；六、在高水頭、大流量條件下，豎井空腔段下部流速很高，盡管水流螺旋運動引起的離心力可以確保井壁壓強保持正壓，但空化數依然較低，因此豎井的空化空蝕始終是工程界關注的重大問題。

At the same time, this thesis focuses on the theoretical research on the lbgk method and discusses the inner relation between the lbgk and the n - s equations. the relationship among the selection of velocity group, the forms of equilibrium distribution functions, and the macroscopic n - s equations is clearly revealed. lbgk method has many advantages, such as easy dealing with the complex boundary conditions and high amenability to parallel computing

本文系統地總結了各種lbgk模型，特別是對lbgk模擬二相流和多相流模型進行了認真地研究；同時從新的角度對lbgk進行了理論研究，用全新的方法探討了lbgk和n - s方程的本質聯系，清晰地揭示了速度族的選擇、平衡態分佈函數的形式和宏觀ns方程三者之間的關系。

The research of cannibalization tactics provides a reference for the management of perishable high tech company, and it have important purport today. hope that this paper can establish the recognition of perishable high tech products ’ cannibalization in high velocity market and supply the theoretical basis for cannibalization in the renewal period

快變市場中易逝性高科技產品更新中拼並的管理是現代高科技企業面臨的一個挑戰，拼並策略的研究為高科技企業管理易逝性高科技產品的更新過程提供了參考的方向，具有一定的現實意義。

Theoretical study for evaporative heat transfer of annular two - phase flow of liquid film and high - velocity air in vertically heated tubes

高速空氣環狀兩相流的蒸發換熱特性理論分析

Transformed the six - bar guide - bar mechanism realizing linear displacement in automatic instruments into a basic rotating guide - bar mechanism, established the mathematical model of velocity approaching constant by the classical approximate synthesis theory and the modern error theory, discussedthe influences of the existent region of main mechanismic parameters on kinematic and dynamic properties, analysed the theoretical transmission ratio error, advances systematic, complete steps and methods for dimensional synthesis of this mechanism with computer aided design

將自動化儀表中實現線性輸出的六桿導桿機構轉化為基礎轉動導桿機構，應用經典的機構近似綜合理論與現代的誤差理論，建立了速度逼近常數的數學模型，討論了主要機構參數存在區域及對運動、動力性能的影響，分析了傳動比理論誤差，提出了系統完整的計算機輔助尺度綜合的步驟與方法。

Research on surface and grain boundary passivation mechanism obtained effects of surface recombination on crystalline silicon solar cell performance and the theoretical expression of grain boundary recombination velocity. the limit ratio of short - circuit current increment for anti - reflection coating utilization on solar cells was obtained. the crystalline silicon solar cell spectral response, contact resistance and minority carrier lifetime measurement systems were established

鈍化機理研究獲得了表面復合對不同表面摻雜濃度晶體硅太陽電池性能的影響、表面和界面復合速度的理論表達式；研究得到了減反射膜對太陽電池短路電流增量比的極限；建立了太陽電池光譜響應、柵線電極接觸電阻和少子壽命等測試系統。

The horizontal swirling flow internal dissipater tunnel being built in gongboxia power station will be the first one reconstructed from a diversion tunnel whose discharge reaches to 1000m vs and water head is more than 100m in china. its scheme ' s argumentation, test research and future apply will have important meanings to the design. research and engineering application of internal dissipation discharge tunnel with swirling flow, will powerfully promote engineering application of this new kind of dissipation mode, which may solve some high velocity problems in high dam construction and provide a engineering example for technological and economical augmentation in a diversion tunnel reconstruction. it is of theoretical and practical importance to promote hydraulic structure researches and development

公伯峽水電站右岸旋流內消能泄洪洞是國內第一個泄量達1000m s 、水頭超過100m ，即將修建的旋流式內消能泄洪洞，其方案的論證與試驗研究以及建成后投入使用，將在國內外旋流式內消能泄洪洞設計、研究與工程應用中具有重要的意義，將有力的推動這一新的消能形式在工程中的應用，從而為解決高壩建設中泄水建築物的高速水流問題與導流洞改建的技術與經濟問題提供工程實例，對推動與發展水工水力學的研究與發展均具有重要的理論與實踐意義。

By means of a detailed analysis to the interaction between droplet and its carrying fluid for horizontal stratified / atomization two - phase flow, a theoretical model is proposed to calculate the droplet axial velocity profile and the relative slip between dispersed phase and continuous phase

摘要通過對水平分層霧化流中液滴和其攜帶流體間交互作用的分析，提出了一個預則水平分層霧化流中軸向液滴速度分佈以及彌散相和連續相之間相對滑移的理論模型，通過計算獲得了兩相速度參數及相對滑移參數。

The paper concentrates on seismic wave - field forward modeling and migration for the fractured reservoir. it researches the wavefield extrapolation operator for lateral variation of velocity, design four theoretical models and seven practical models with fracture and cavity. base on the progenitor, in the frequency - wavenumber domain with the pspi wavefield extrapolation operator and arithmetic of forward modeling and migration that applied lateral variation of velocity which is strong, the paper obtains the result of numerical simulation and the wavefield characteristic by the way of the forward modeling and depth migration of poststack seismic wavefield

本文圍繞縫洞儲層地震波場正演與偏移問題，研究了適用於橫向變速波場延拓運算元，建立了四個理論的縫洞模型和七個實際的縫洞模型，在總結、分析前人的研究成果的基礎上，利用適合橫向速度劇烈變化的相移加插值的波場延拓運算元，在頻率?波數域對上述的地質模型進行正演、偏移處理，最後得到了縫洞儲層地震波場的一些特徵。

Several feasible boundary conditions of thermal environment computations are provided. numerical simulation of thermal environment in that residential district is carried out depending on theoretical studies, wind environment simulations and thermal environment testing mentioned above. distributions of wind velocity, pressure, turbulence and temperature in two different periods are investigated and analyzed, and feasibility of thermal environment numerical simulation is proved by comparison of temperature and velocity values between testing and simulation in some tested spots

提出幾種可行的熱計算邊界條件，在上述基礎理論研究、風環境模擬計算、熱環境測試等基礎之上對住宅小區熱環境進行了數值模擬，分析了兩種時段內風場、壓力場、湍流場及熱場分佈，並比較了部分地點溫度和風速測試值與計算結果的差異，論證了熱環境數值模擬的可行性。

This is the theoretical foundation for simulating the gun interior ballistic performance using the closed vessel experiment. based on the functions from closed vessel experiments, the ballistic simulation results of maximum chamber pressure, muzzle velocity and p - t curves of a 105mm gun charged with ltsc nitroamine propellant at + 50c, + 15c and - 40 environmental temperature were in good agreement with experimental data

在密閉爆發器實驗的基礎上，應用可視化程序對某105mm火炮採用低溫感硝胺火藥在+ 50 、 + 15和- 40環境溫度下的最大膛壓、初速以及膛壓?時間曲線進行了彈道模擬，模擬與實驗結果具有較好的一致性。

Three models are proposed as follows by applying the model of " mixed flow " : the stress of increasing fluid on fouling, collision between solid particles and fouling, and solid particles movement velocity ; the effects of operating parameters, properties of particles, and the volume fraction of particles on stress in solid - liquid two phase flow, collision stress between solid particles and fouling, maximal contacting area between solid particles and fouling and maximal contacting time between solid particles and fouling are investigated systematically by calculating and theoretical analysis

利用「混流」模型，建立了兩相流體的剪應力模型、固體顆粒與垢層的碰撞模型和固體顆粒的運動速度模型；通過計算和理論分析，系統地考察了操作參數、顆粒物性、顆粒體積分率等對固液兩相流剪應力、顆粒對垢層的碰撞力、顆粒與垢層的最大接觸時間和最大接觸面積的影響。

Secondllv in the 1 d random traffic flow model. the relation function between the correlation and the creation. disappearance. brake probabilities of the vehicles is presented. according to the statistical mechanical approach to the spatial correlation functions. the theoretical results agree with that of the computer simulation. thirdh. based on the bml model. a main - road traffic flow model with two speeds on two dimensions is designed. this model simulate the traffic situation of one main road and several branches in the cit traffic lights placed on the crossing. vehicles breaking ~ vhile running and turning to other direction while jamming. we investigate the ~ ' e1ocitv and flo ~ ~ of the model when the initial densitvthe brake and turning probabilities. the green to signal rati3. thc number of the branches and the period of the signal are changed. then the reasons causing all the kinds of phenomena are analvzed. finallv. we simulate the bml model using the method of lattice boltzmann which ~ vas brought out by liu mu - renand obtain the velocity - density graph similar to the previous result. the upper critical densiw above which there are oniv jamming configurations. and the lo ~ ver critical density below which there are only moving configurations are the same as before. the boltzmann function which is on the lattices shows the moving and jaxmning transition obviouslv. thus it proves the possibilit of this method on the traffic research

接著，建立了和研究了二維二速的主幹道模型，該模型模擬了城市交通中一條主幹道，多條支道的交通情況，在幹道與支道的交叉路口設置紅綠燈，車輛在運行中可以有對突發事件發生反應的剎車，在發生堵塞時，路口的車輛可考慮通過轉向來緩解交通等各種實際情況的發生，給出了車輛演化的演化方程，並通過計算機模擬，研究模型在改變車輛的初始密度、剎車概率、轉向概率、支道數、紅綠燈信號的綠信比、紅綠燈信號周期等各種情況下支、主幹道車輛的速度、流量的變化，並分析在各種情況下交通狀況的成因，提出改善交通的有效措施。最後，在劉慕仁提出的用格子boltzmann方法研究一維決定論交通流的思路下，將此法推廣到對二維bml模型的模擬上，得到了與用以往方法的研究結果相類似的速度-密度圖線，且車輛從運動相到堵塞相轉變的上下臨界密度是一致的，同時分別給出車輛在處于暢通相和堵塞相時， boltzmann函數在格子上的分佈情況，進一步驗證了此法的可行性。

Based on theoretical analysis, microbubble drag reduction is due to structure change of turbulent boundary layer caused by the microbubbles. experiments testify microbubble drag reduction for turbulent boundary layer, as well as bubble size, main flow velocity, etc. affecting the reduction ; with proper flow field model, turbulent model and difference scheme, numerical methods simulate the effect of boundary layer and bubble numbers on dray reduction

理論分析提出微氣泡降阻機理在於其引起湍流邊界層結構的變化；實驗證明了微氣泡對湍流邊界層的降阻作用以及氣泡尺度、主流速度等對降阻作用的影響；數值方法利用適當的流場模型、湍流模型和差分格式，模擬邊界層和氣泡數等對降阻的影響。

The calculation formulas for velocity coefficients 2 and 5 for the throat and throat inlet section were deduced from the theoretical research on the velocity coefficients in time - averaged basic equations by use of the unsteady momentum equation and time - averaged value calculation method

摘要運用非恆定的動量方程和時均值計算方法，對脈沖液體射流泵時均值基本方程中的流速系數進行了理論研究，推導出了喉管和喉管進口段流速系數2和5的計算式。

Finally the orientation states of 2 - d thin plate are simulated in a certain velocity. the numerical results will be of a certain theoretical function to placement of smc charge, design of mold and optimization of the technological parameters

最後通過實例對二維薄板在恆定合模速率下的纖維取向進行了計算機模擬計算，其結果對smc鋪料的方式、模具設計以及壓制工藝參數的最終確定具有一定的理論指導意義。

For shutters, the results show : 1 ) according to the formula p =, the theoretical value of is calculated by the effective velocity of the flow, and its engineering value is calculated by the arriving velocity of the flow, the relationship between the theoretical value of and its engineering value is 2 ) the smaller value of declining angle will result in the smaller pressure loss and smaller outlet velocities. as a result, the declining angle of 30 擄 or less is recommended in some places which need small wind velocity, such as broadcasting studio and library, and the declining angle of 45 擄 or less is recommended in places which need big wind velocity, such as cinema and office ; 3 ) the larger value of ratio between the wide of the shutter b and the space between two boards h ( b / h ) will result in the larger pressure loss and smaller outlet velocities. the range of b / h from 0. 8 to 2. 0 and the optimum value 1. 2 is recommended ; 4 ) the range of b from 10 mm to 50 nun and the optimum value 40 mm is recommended ; 5 ) the proper thickness of the boards 8 of the shutters is 1. 5 mm ; 6 ) cuneiform boards should replace the rectangle inlet boards of the shutters in order to obtain better ventilation

數值模擬採用fluent軟體，計算結果用excel進行處理，通過對大量數值工況進行數值模擬計算，結果表明：對于單側百葉風口，計算表明： 1 ）對于公式p = （ ~ 2 ） 2 ，的理論計算值中定義為流體流經百葉風口內部時的速度，即有效速度，而工程上常使用流體的來流速度來計算，計算表明，的理論計算值與工程應用值的關系為（ _ （理論） ） （ _ （工程） ） = 0 . 813 ； 2 ）當來流速度一定時，擋板傾斜角度越小，壓力損失越小、出口速度越小；因此在要求進口風速比較小的場所，如播音室、圖書館等，宜採用擋板角度30的百葉風口；在要求進口風速比較大的場所，如電影院、辦公室等，百葉擋板的角度應選45 ； 3 ）當來流速度一定時，百葉擋板的擋板寬度b與擋板間距h的比值b h越大，壓力損失越大，出口速度越小，計算表明，鑒于壓力損失、出口風速、板間形成渦流區的大小，百葉擋板的b h值取0 . 8到2 . 0之間， b h = 1 . 2為最佳值； 4 ）當來流速度一定時，在計算的條件下，當百葉擋板寬度b = 40mm時，百葉擋板的阻力系數最小，考慮到渦流區等的影響，建議選用10mm b 50mm的百葉擋板；西安建築科技大學碩士學位論文5 ）百葉擋板的厚度取為1 . sinln為好; 6 ）百葉擋板的入口側可選用具有傾斜度的楔形擋板來代替矩形擋板，利用其較好的導流作用，可得到更好的出流效果。