two-party system 中文意思是什麼

two-party system 解釋
兩黨制度
  • two : n. (pl. twos)1. 兩人;兩個東西,一對。2. 二的記號。3. 兩點鐘。4. 兩歲。n. -ness
  • party : n 1 黨,黨派;政黨;結黨,黨派活動。2 【軍事】特遣隊,分遣隊,部隊。3 (交際性質的)聚會,集會,...
  • system : n 1 體系,系統;分類法;組織;設備,裝置。2 方式;方法;作業方法。3 制度;主義。4 次序,規律。5 ...
  1. To solve the problems of right remedies and safeguarding the procedural rights in civil proceedings in the event of the absence of one party, western countries has developed the mode of system of trial by default represented through two typical modes of doctrine of trial by default and doctrine of ex parte debate

    缺席審判是指法院在一方當事人缺席時所為的審判。為解決民事訴訟中一方當事人缺席時的權利救濟和程序權利保障問題,西方國家形成了缺席判決主義與一方辯論主義兩種代表性的缺席審判制度模式。
  2. Anticipatory breach of contract destroys the balance of the two parties " benefit. to protect the innocent party, the anglo - american genealogy of law sets up a remedy system of anticipatory breach. in the remedy system of anticipatory breach, there are different measures to different situations

    在非即時清結交易場合,合同當事人基於自身利益或者客觀原因,有可能在合同有效訂立后至履行期限屆滿之前發生毀約行為,這就是所謂的「預期毀約行為」 。
  3. To attain the harmonious integration of these two aspects, the reinforcement and consummation of the communist party ' s leadership and the seeking for reformation and creation of social - controlling system, especially display their importance and imperativeness, with the founding and consummating of socialist market economy, political power incessantly recedes from the economic realm, the original power consiousness - leading social controlling means gradually get their surviving foundation mopped off, simultaneously, the new spontaneous order is yet to form owing to its lack of necesssary economic social foundations and cultural ethical sourc es

    做到二者有機統一,加強和改善黨的領導,尋求社會控制機制的變革和創新,就顯得尤為重要和緊迫。隨著社會主義市場經濟體制的建立和完善,政治權力不斷地從經濟領域撤退,原有的以權力與意識形態相結合為主的社會控制手段,也就失去其存在的基礎。而新的自發的秩序又因缺乏其必要的經濟基礎、社會基礎、文化倫理資源而一時無法形成。
  4. In part two, the author discusses mr. deng ' s legal ideas in the course of reform in economic and political system. it also covers some new elements elicited from the practice of legal construction, such as the idea of " concentrating on economic construction on the one hand, and concentration on legal construction on the other " ; the request that conduct of the party and its leaders should be bounded by constitution and laws. furthermore, the author emphasizes the inherent link between the forming of these legal ideas and the political and economic practice of that time

    文章認為,從文革結束到20世紀90年代初這一歷史時期內,小平法律思想經歷的是一個從法制思想發展運動到法治思想的過程,現代法治理念的基本特徵在這一思想中基本上都已得到體現;而在這一偉大的變遷過程中,這一時期的經濟和政治體制改革充當的不僅僅是時代背景和活動舞臺的角色,更是推動這一變遷的決定力量,尤其是商品經濟在中國的發展更是使得法治意識在小平法律思想中生根發芽並最終確立了無可替代的地位。
  5. Firstly, to state that the study of scm optimization calls, i present the main problems when our home enterprises put scm in practice and the lack of present theoretics. then i divided all of the means of scm optimization into two classes - enterprise management methods and information technology methods, and i discussed every information technology method in detail : enterprise management methods i discussed cover mapping out manipulable plans, strengthening core ability and improving scale economic benefit, controlling sc ' s risk, and making use of the third party ' s logistics. in chapter 4 i discuss information technique methods in detail, which cover optimizing r & d of erp and scp, edi techniques, internet information technology, the other logistics techniques, advance planning system, and network technology

    最後詳細論述了優化供應鏈管理的各種企業管理方式,主要包括有:制定可行的優化實施計劃、加強企業核心能力提高企業規模經濟效益、控制供應鏈風險的措施、合理利用第三方物流等幾種方式,第四章主要論述了優化供應鏈管理的信息技術手段,有: erp和scp軟體開發的優化、使用edi技術優化供應籩管理、基於internet的供應鏈管理信息技術支撐體系、其它物流技術手段、高級計劃排程系統以及網路技術方案等。
  6. We must adhere to the basic rural policies of the party and keep stabilizing and improving the two - tier management system that integrates unified with separate management on the basis of household contract management

    堅持黨在農村的基本政策,長期穩定並不斷完善以家庭承包經營為基礎統分結合的雙層經營體制。
  7. The study shows that through the establishment of risk management system at each stage of engineering insurance, it ma > attain the goal of reducing risk occurrence frequency and loss degree, decreasing the compensation rate, maintaining the justice and benefits of the two party, realizing the security and economy, and reducing the systematical risk of the whole engineering insurance. therefore, the development of engineering insurance can not only meet the requirement of modern construction but also benefit to the capability building of insurance company to develop engineering insurance, resist the adventures, improve international competition, and realize the sustainable development of engineering insurance industry eventually

    研究表明,通過對工程保險各個環節風險管理體系的構建,可以達到減少工程風險發生頻率和損失程度,降低保險人的賠付率和被保險人的自留損失,維護保險雙方的公平和利益並實現保險的安全性和經濟性,從而降低整個工程保險的系統風險的目的,使工程保險既能滿足現代工程建設轉嫁風險的需要,又有利於提高我國保險公司工程保險業務的承保能力、抗風險能力和國際競爭力,最終實現工程保險業的可持續發展。
  8. From the second to the fifth chapter such problems concerning state - owned property right are illustrated respectively as its definition, valuation and price fixing and capital sources of undertaking party and the disposal and use of transfer income. problems are raised with regard to the process of current property right system diversity in state - owned enterprises, such as the disagreement to the definition of state - owned property right, no standard of evaluation, imperfection of price fixing system and relative confusion of transfer income disposal and use. what ' s more, new solutions are offered : the probe into state - owned property right definition " changsha model " is confirmed positively ; two specific ways of quantification - - " the method of average growth rate of state - owned property right " and " the method of average cost of labor in market " ; the concept " present value of earnings " is applied to the property evaluation of receivable accounts, finished goods, invisible assets and so on ; the unjust in price fixing of state - owned property right can be avoided by improving property valuation methods, perfecting capital market especially property right trading market and bettering information publishing system ; as to the guarantee problem of human resources financial contribution, an original key is offered

    第一章運用產權理論對國企產權多元化改革進行經濟學分析;第二章至第五章主要圍繞國有產權的界定問題、評估問題、定價問題、承接方的資金來源問題、轉讓收入的處置運用問題分別進行闡述,指出了當前國企產權多元化過程中存在著國有產權界定不統一、評估不規范、定價機制不完善、處置運用相對混亂等諸多問題,並提出新的解決思路:肯定國有產權界定「長沙模式」的積極探索意義,提出量化職工創造剩餘價值的「國有資產平均增長率法」和「平均市場勞動成本法」 ;將「收益現值」概念運用到對應收賬款、產成品、無形資產等資產評估之中;應從完善資產評估方法、完善資本市場特別是產權交易市場和健全信息公開機制三個方面來解決國有產權定價不公問題;就人力資本出資的擔保問題提出實際債務承擔額(比例)應小於名義出資額(比例)的新思路,並認為人力資本市場上的交易價格應包括絕對出資額和相對出資額兩部分。
  9. The main types of college teachers ’ appointment contract include : the college teachers ’ of the fixed deadline, the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the deadline to complete the certain work, and the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the special attendance, and also we can get another two types of college teachers ’ appointment contract, which are individual college teachers ’ appointment contract and collective college teachers ’ appointment contract, according to the number of people in one party ; they must be work out by the strict written form, and must pass through the offer and the acceptance step, and don ’ t acknowledge the legal effect of the factual appointment contract ; after the appointment contract becomes effective, the higher college as the appointed party and the teacher as engaged party should completely fulfill the right and obligation provisions in the contract under the instructions of the three principles : fulfill personally, comprehensively, cooperatively. in which, the teachers ’ rights and obligations include : enjoy and undertake the rights and obligations as the specialist engaged in education, teaching and the scientific research ; may change or terminate the contract on the basis of the bilateral consultation, but dismissal and resignation must conform to the agreement or the legal matter ; in the liabilities for breach the contract, be headed by the practical fulfillment, including other two remedial way which are damage compensation and penalty ; in the dispute solution, must establish the perfect concrete mediation system, the arbitration and the civil lawsuit system

    高校教師聘任合同主要類型為固定期限的高校教師聘任合同、以完成一定工作為期限的高校教師聘任合同和特殊照顧的高校教師聘任合同,也可依據合同當事人一方人數的多寡不同,也可將個人高校教師聘任合同和集體高校教師聘任合同;其應當以嚴格的書面形式訂立,須經過要約、承諾步驟,且不應當承認事實聘任合同的法律效力;聘任合同生效后,作為聘任方的高等學校和受聘方的教師應當在親自履行、全面履行和協作履行三大原則的指導下完全履行合同中所約定的權利義務條款,其中教師的權利義務內容包括作為一般公民和作為從事教育教學及其科研活動的專業人員所應享有或者承擔的權利義務;經過雙方的協商可以變更或者終止合同,但解聘和辭聘必須符合約定或者法定的事由;在違約責任形式上,應當確立以實際履行為首,包括損害賠償、違約金等三種補救方式;在爭議解決方式上應當建立健全具體的調解制度、仲裁和民事訴訟制度。
  10. Along with the emergence of new kinds of rights and the mutual penetration of the nature of the real rights and creditor ’ s rights, especially the theory of the third party ’ s infringement of editor ’ s right, however, some people raised suspicious voice about the distinction of the two rights in recent years. some scholars even claim that the integration of real rights and creditor ’ s rights has broken with the traditional system of property rights, so we should absorb the concept of the common law system and enact property law rather than real rights law

    然而,由於新型權利形態的不斷出現以及物權與債權性質的相互滲透,特別是第三人侵害債權理論的提出,近年來出現了對物權和債權的劃分表示懷疑的聲音,甚至有學者提出物權與債權的融合已經打破了傳統的財產權體系,立法應吸收英美法的概念,制定一部財產法而非物權法。
  11. The combination will involves these questions, such as running, ensuring, motive force, etc., namely what a issue of setting up and perfect the operating mechanism, security mechanism and power mechanism etc. : 1, operating mechanism about the two : should first clear perfecting leader and organize system that the two agree with, set up and regard party committee as leader, regard full - time political and ideological work staff, cultural construction personnel of enterprise as backbone, regard administrative personnel as cadre, to build the masses of vertical horizontal network system of organization that staff participate in actively ; secondly should define the mechanism of working routine, set up thinning, standardized operation system, making a whole set of thinning, quantization, standardized operation method

    這就涉及到兩者契合的運行機制、保障機制和動力機制等問題。 1 、關于兩者的運行機制:首先要明確和健全兩者契合的領導和組織體系,建立以黨委為領導、以專職政工、企業文化建設人員為骨幹,以行政幹部、各層管理人員為主體,廣大員工積極參與的橫向到邊、縱向到底的組織網路體系;其次要明確工作程序機制,建立細化、規范化的操作體系,制定出一整套細化、量化、規范化的操作辦法,實施定量和定性相結合的全過程式控制制管理。
  12. A two party system excludes other parties from power

    兩黨制排斥其他黨入選。
  13. Take li hui juan incident as example, this part describes the shortage of the judge independence at present in our country and analyzes its reason from two perspectives of the shortage of constitutional order and the specific system. the impropriety of constitutional order is improper in the relationship of the power disposition among the jurisdiction and the leadership of chinese communist party, the supervisor of the national people ' s congress, the administrative right, the right of procuratorial work as well as the internal power disposition within the jurisdiction. in the analysis of the imperfection in specific system, this parts explains the systematic imperfection existing in such systems as the system of judge election and appointing, guarantee system, punish system

    以洛陽中院李慧娟事件為例描敘了我國法官獨立缺失的現狀,從憲法制度不完善與具體制度不健全兩個方面分析了法官獨立缺失的原因。憲法制度方面主要剖析了審判權與黨的領導、人大監督權、行政權、檢察權之間以及法院內部權力關系的錯位。具體制度方面則分析了法官選任制度、保障制度、監督制度存在的制度性不健全。
  14. If we analyse the distructure of kuomindang and the government by the two new concepts of " party - government system " and " party - government mechanism ", build the frame of study and study it in some political ways, we can find a full view of completely new party - government system and its operating mechanism

    若用「黨政體制」和「黨政機制」這兩個新概念來剖析黨政二元結構,構築其研究框架,並用政治學一些方法來研究它時,就會發現一個嶄新的黨政體制及其運行機制全貌。
  15. The initialisation key is the first security gate in bluetooth security system, if the initialisation key is got by attacker, the attacker will get the common link key by continue listening the communication. if the common link key is known by others, the two device is no secret before he. the third party can not only listen the two device ' s communication but also assert him one party to authenticate the other. pairing at place where less people here will reduce the attack. to use long pin managed by diffie - hellman key exchange algorithm will also reduce the attack

    初始字是藍牙安全系統的第一道安全屏障,如果初始字被攻擊者得到,攻擊者就可以通過監聽兩設備的后續通訊進而獲得兩設備的公共鏈路字,如果兩設備的公共鏈路字為第三方知曉,那麼兩設備對于第三方面而言就毫無安全性可言。第三方不但可以偷聽兩設備的加密通訊,還可以冒充其中一方向另一方鑒權。
  16. Another consequence of the two - party system is that whereas minor parties are likely to identify themselves with special interests or special programs and thus take extreme positions, the major parties are so large that they tend to be moderate

    兩黨制的另一個結果是:鑒于小黨派可能把自己與特殊的利益和特殊的綱領認同為一,因而有可能採取極端立場,而大黨很強大所以傾向于溫和。
  17. The american political system is a classical example of the two - party system

    美國的政治體制是兩黨制的典型範例。
  18. How does it happen that the two - party system is so strongly rooted in american politics

    兩黨制是如何能如此堅實地紮根於美國政治中的呢?
  19. One easy lesson is to start playing the two - party system to their advantage

    為了自身利益,他們得參與到兩黨競爭的游戲當中? ?這很容易做到。
  20. Mr keller marvels that the two - party system survived such upheavals as the civil war and the industrial revolution

    使凱勒大為驚奇的是,兩黨制在經過了內戰和工業革命這樣的大風大浪后,竟然保存了下來。
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