估算水流量 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [gūsuànshuǐliúliáng]
估算水流量 英文
estimating water flows
  • 估 : 估構詞成分。
  • 算 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算數目） calculate; reckon; compute; figure 2 （計算進去） include; count 3 （謀劃;計...
  • 水 : 名詞1 （由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體） water 2 （河流） river 3 （指江、河、湖、海、洋...
  • 流 : Ⅰ動1 （液體移動; 流動） flow 2 （移動不定） drift; move; wander 3 （流傳; 傳播） spread 4 （向壞...
  • 量 : 量動1. （度量） measure 2. （估量） estimate; size up
  • 估算 : estimate; reckon （up）
  • 流量 : rate of flow; flow; runoff; discharge; throughput; （flow） rate; quantity （of flow）; flux
  1. The additional flow is formed by the device of dentoid baffle, and the application of the device of dentoid baffle cooperated with a stilling basin has been investigated by systematic model tests. based on the research results, the hydraulic problems such as the characteristics of hydrodynamic pressure and cavitation on the head of the denotid baffle, the properties of flow under the condition that the device of denotid baffle is used with a stilling basin, the hydraulic computation about a stilling basin, the estimation of energy dissipation and its various affection factors, the mechanism and effect of energy dissipation, and distributions of velocity and pressure and aerating concentration, etc, have been analyzed ; the method and step of hydraulic design of device of denotid baffle by which the additional flow is produced has also been proposed

    文中利用齒墩設施實現附加射流，對齒墩設施與消力池聯合應用進行了大量的和系統的模型試驗，分析研究了中低佛勞德數條件下，齒墩墩頭的動水壓強及空化特性，齒墩設施與消力池聯合應用時的流態特性，消力池的水力計算，消能量的估算及其各種影響因素，消能機理和效果，消力池內的流速、壓強特性，摻氣濃度分佈等水力學問題，並提出了實現附加射流齒墩設施的水力設計方法和步驟。
  2. It was specially pointed out that, when the tail water is constant maximum tide, the computed flood surface is higher than that of nonsteady current, so there is some safety superelevation. underestimation of the roughness will make downward bias to compute along - river surface and bring hidden trouble for flood control. to improve the section can decrease the water level or offset the water rise for increase of floodplains " roughness, but it need much engineering works

    特別提出，按照恆定流計算出來的設計水位比非恆定水位具有一定的安全儲備；而對于灘地糙率的低估又會造成設計水位的偏低，給防洪工作帶來隱患；如果利用改進斷面形式來降低水位或彌補糙率增加帶來的水位抬高，需要較大的工程量，所以平時應注意灘面的減糙管理工作。
  3. In this thesis hydraulic experimental studies and theoretical analyses on the vortex - flow drop shaft were conduced and the following results were accomplished : ( 1 ) in the model test some hydraulic characteristics including the shape of air core in the center of the drop shaft, the radial distribution of water flow velocity and the distribution of pressure on the wall of the drop shaft were measured under the condition of high water head above 250m and large discharge above 1400m3 / s. ( 2 ) a kind of computational method for the spiral water flow in the air core region of drop shaft was discussed and applied and the results agree the experimental data well. ( 3 ) the total ratio of energy dissipation in the drop shaft can reach 90 % and the energy dissipation in every region was discussed quantitatively

    本文通過試驗研究與理論分析對旋流式豎井泄洪洞應用於高水頭、大泄流量情況時存在的一些水力學問題進行了研究和探討，取得以下主要成果：一、結合小灣工程導流洞改建，對高水頭（ 252m ） 、大泄流量（ 1400m ~ 3 s ）條件下旋流式豎井中的水流運動特徵進行了比較全面的測量，包括空腔形態、徑向流速分佈及井壁壓強等；二、提出了豎井空腔段螺旋水流水力計算方法，其計算結果與實測值吻合良好；三、利用試驗與計算結果，對旋流式豎井的消能機理進行了探討，對豎井各部分的消能能力有了總體認識；四、對豎井下部消力井的合理井深進行了優化試驗研究，發現消力井合理深度為0 . 9d左右；五、通過試驗研究，歸納出豎井水流總摻氣量估算方法，為導流洞排氣方案的設計提供了參考依據；六、在高水頭、大流量條件下，豎井空腔段下部流速很高，盡管水流螺旋運動引起的離心力可以確保井壁壓強保持正壓，但空化數依然較低，因此豎井的空化空蝕始終是工程界關注的重大問題。
  4. At present, whereas so many reasons such as its using function changing from irrigation to city water supply, the increasing of importance, the original design standard on the low side, the damage and aging of structure, the demand for seismic fortify in strong earthquake region and offering data of technical alteration for adding flux aftertime, it is important for safety and seismic capability of this aqueduct bridge

    目前，該渡槽使用功能由灌溉輸水改為城市供水、實際重要性提高、鑒于原設計標準偏低、結構的病害和老化破損以及地處強震區對抗震設防的要求，為日後加大流量進行技術改造提供依據，因而急需對渡槽作較詳細的安全可靠性評估和抗震性能評估。本文針對該渡槽進行了原位現場檢測，並對其進行結構分析計算和結構的安全性能與抗震性能的評估等方面的工作。
  5. Moreover the cases of evaluating the fish resources in the upper yangtze river by using basic data were much less. this research evaluates the fishery status in the upper yangtze river by using commercial fisheries data of hejiang section from 1999 to 2002. the age, growth and mortality of rhinogobio ventralis which is endemic to the upper yangtze river have been studied also. moreover we have estimated the biomas s of rhinogobio ventralis

    本文是在實地調查的基礎上，結合水生生物流動監測站合江站1999 - 2002年的監測結果，對長江上游合江段的漁業捕撈現狀進行了評估，研究了重要的經濟特有魚類長鰭吻?的年齡、生長和死亡，並對其資源量進行了估算。
  6. Study achievement appears as following aspects : ( 1 ) yellow river estuary gate river flow and tide flow mixed area is not keep standing deposition status, on special income water and sediment conditions, boundary conditions and oceanic power conditions, this area may on the scour status ; ( 2 ) observed from estuary sediment deposition distributing process : delta and sea offing area sediment deposition vary trend is similar, each part sediment deposition scale varies as wave shape ; ( 3 ) on estuary gate, affect the sediment deposition factors, primary factors are tide prop, the gate widens gradually, estuary gate have branches, brine induced flocculation. this paper study the estuary gate widen, estuary gate have branches to affect the river channel deposition in quantity ; ( 4 ) based on field measured data, for the first time, deduce the estuary sediment deposition and distributing regress formula which can estimate estuary different areas sediment deposition volume ; ( 5 ) this subject demonstrate the estuary delta coastline dynamic balance conception, build the relationship between the estuary income sediment with deposition land area, draw the following important conclusion : when estuary years - averaged income sediment keeps at 345 million tons, the delta coastline may on the dynamic balance status. ( 6 ) this subject firstly brings up estuary sediment optimized control conception, and has the primary study on the macroscopically optimized control conception method

    研究認為： （ 1 ）黃河河口口門逕流潮汐區域並非持續保持淤積狀態，在特定的來水來沙、邊界條件和海洋動力條件下，該區域可以處于沖刷狀態； （ 2 ）從河口泥沙沉積分配的過程來看：三角洲與濱海區泥沙的沉積變化趨勢是基本一致的，各部位的泥沙沉積比例變化基本呈波動狀態，且三角洲與濱海區泥沙的沉積比例與來沙量密切相關，基本成正比關系； （ 3 ）在口門處，影響泥沙沉淤的因素主要集中在潮汐頂托、口門逐漸加寬、河口門分汊、鹽水造成絮凝等，本報告主要對口門加寬，口門西妥理工大學工程碩士專業學位論文分漢對河道淤積的影響進行了定量分析: （一扣根據實測資料首次建立了河贖流路泥沙沉積分配的回歸計算式，據此可以預估計算河口不同區域泥沙的沉淤量; 、 5 ）本項研究首次論證了河口三角洲岸線動態平衡的概念，並建立了黃河河口來沙量與造陸面積的相關關系，得出了當河口多年平均來沙量維持在3 . 45億t時其河口三角洲岸線則可能處于動態平衡狀態的重要結論; 『 6 ）本項研究首次提出了河口泥沙優化調控的概念，並對其宏觀優化調控模式進行了初步探討。
  7. To this area precipitation materials for many years, evaporate materials, surface flow materials, hydrometeorological materials, hydrogeological materials carry on exhaustive analysis, have analysed the state of water resource of the sand district, proceed from the heat of the earth ' s surface is balanced, water yield balanced basic theories, combine the amount of regional water resource set up of the materials, such as scene, hydrology, soil of the sand district, etc. and estimate models, have calculated the surface water, groundwater of this area, has carried on models to examine according to the real data, and has predicted to the state of water resource under different climate change scenes of future that analyse. have put forward the scheme that the water resource in this area utilized rationally, use the non - linear motive force model to predict the precipitation, utilize the materials of actual observation, the natural supply amount of calculating out groundwater of sand ground of balanced principle of the amount of water used at the same time, and can exploiting amount predict to groundwater, district of sand,

    本文以寧夏半乾旱地區鹽池縣沙地水資源為研究對象，對該地區多年降水資料、蒸發資料、徑流資料、水文氣象資料、水文地質資料進行了詳盡的分析，分析了沙區的水資源狀況，從地表熱量平衡、水量平衡的基本理論出發，結合沙區的氣象、水文、土壤等資料建立了區域水資源量估算模型，計算了該地區的地表水、地下水，根據實際資料進行了模型檢驗，並對未來不同氣候變化情景下的水資源狀況進行了預測分析，提出了該地區水資源合理利用的方案，運用非線性動力模型對降水量進行預測，同時利用實際觀測資料，運用水量平衡原理計算出沙地地下水的天然補給量，並對沙區地下水可開采量進行預測。
  8. In the first chapter, the improvement and development of furrow irrigation technique, theory foundation of controlled alternate furrow irrigation, and related research advance at home and abroad were analyzed and elucidated, and the main problems needing to be studied further and to be solved were put forward. in the second chapter, the soil infiltrative parameters, irrigating water advancing and water redistribution in soil were studied by adopting the controlled alternative furrow irrigation in field

    根據建立的水量平衡方程，採用模式搜索技術中的爬山法，利用infiltvs分析軟體，計算得到的不同溝灌方式灌溉水流的推進過程與利用實測資料回歸分析得到的水流推進過程幾乎完全重合，預測精度很高，因此證明本文建立的模型和分析計算方法是合理可行的，完全可用於不同溝灌方式土壤入滲參數和水流推進過程的估算。
  9. Depending on how the ground surface is denuded, the feature of the current crustal stress field and rock stress environment can be calculated analyzing the result in this paper : by analyzing the recovering feature of the elastic deformation of the rockmass in unload - stage under various pressures, it has been found there is close relationship between the recovering degree of the elastic deformation of the rockmass and the unloading degree of the pressure the direction of the major principal stress in the crustal stress field is not consistent with the direction of the crushing stress regional tectonics borne during the last tectonic movement. the evolving degree of the regional geomorphology evidently affects the current crustal stress field, which changes from the self - weight stress field to the horizontal stress field, with the changing of the eroding degree of the regional geomorphology ranging from valley area to hilly country to flat country. in valley area, where there is two stress belts, the bankslope s tress belt and the self - weight stress belt within the mountain. the direction of the major principal stress is nearly parallel to the ground surface and inclines towards the valley in the bankslope stress belt. it is nearly vertical in the self - weight stress belt

    通過本文的研究成果，根據區域性地貌的演化特徵，我們可以大致地對現今地應力場進行判斷：在分級卸荷條件下，巖體中彈性變形的恢復具有明顯的規律性，這種規律對于研究地應力場的演變是有幫助的；地應力場中最大主應力方向與區域構造形跡在最近的構造運動中所受區域性擠壓應力的方向無明顯的對應性；區域性地貌形態的演化程度對現今地應力場的特徵具明顯的影響，隨著區域性地貌侵蝕程度由峽谷區、丘陵區、平原區的變化，現今地應力場特徵由自重應力場、水平應力場為主含少量自重應力場特徵向水平應力場的規律變化；在峽谷區，山體中具有兩個應力帶：自重應力帶和卸荷應力帶，最大主應力方向在卸荷應力帶中近平行於坡面並傾向于河谷、在自重應力帶中近於直立；根據原始地面遭剝蝕的程度，可以大致地估算最大主應力和中間主應力的量值和方向；在丘陵區和平原區，最大主應力的方向近於水平，並與附近區域性侵蝕盆地和河流的展布方向基本平行，根據原始地面遭剝蝕的程度，可以大致估算其最大主應力的量值；根據區域性地貌形態的特徵來分析工程區的現今地應力場特徵，並進而大致了解巖石的應力環境，這種分析方法得出的結論與許多實際的地應力測試成果基本一致，對于大型水電工程地下廠房和壓力隧洞的設計是有所幫助的。
  10. On the basis of the field data of water temperature, a new formula for estimating water temperature of river by using meteorological factors is put forward by using the method of least squares

    摘要結合某流域水溫原型觀測資料，通過分析水溫與氣溫、太陽輻射、濕度和風速之間的相關關系，採用最小二乘法建立了水溫與氣溫、濕度和風速三者之間的多變量函數方程式，提出了一種利用氣象因子估算天然河道水溫的新公式。
  11. The paper calculates the volume of scour and fill of the inner mongolia section of the yellow river respectively through the observed data of cross sections, coming sediment and variations of water level with same discharge and the results are basically the same

    摘要通過實測斷面資料、來沙量資料和同流量水位的變化等，對黃河內蒙古河段的沖淤量分別進行了估算，其結果基本一致。
  12. Points out that some designers only use empirical methods in determining the inner diameter of pipeline, calculating system resistance and selecting the rated flow and rated head of circulating pumps in water systems

    摘要指出目前一些設計人員在設計空調水系統時，僅根據經驗值估算管道內徑、計算管路阻力和選配系統循環水泵的流量和揚程。
  13. The research of reservoir design flood is one of basic works in this subject. it is based on the reasons, and the actual conditions of baipenzhu reservoir are combined, the following contents are researched in this paper : 1. according to the actual conditions of baipenzhu reservoir and through the compare of parameters estimation methods, a objective and having fine statistic characteristics p - iii frequency curve distribution parameters estimation method of proximate baipenzhu reservoir is putted

    正是基於這種考慮，本論文結合白盆珠水庫的實際情況，本著理論性與實用性相結合的原則，重點研究以下內容： 1 、根據白盆珠水庫的實際情況，對各種參數估計方法進行比較，提出一種客觀、有良好統計特性、適用於白盆珠水庫的p ?型分佈參數估計方法； 2 、利用實測流量資料推求設計洪水過程； 3 、分析計算可能最大洪水（ pmf ） ； 4 、對兩種方法計算的設計洪水過程進行調洪演算，推求水庫特徵水位。
  14. Two models are applied to the hongzehu lake water system and according to the features of the flow field and concentration distribution along the rivers and in the lake, the transportation tendency of the pollutants is analyzed

    根據流場和濃度場幾個特徵時刻的分佈特點，明確了污染物的遷移變化趨勢，為水環境容量的計算和評估提供了科學依據。
  15. These models can be used to estimate impact of control measures on river runoff, and to what degree these measures effect the runoff production in river catchments at any given year

    該模型能分離水土流失綜合治理對河川徑流量的作用大小，並可估算任一年份水土保持措施對降雨產流量的影響程度。
  16. In this paper a numerical method for equations of transport and biodegradation in the fractured media is discussed. because the equations consist of terms related to advection, diffusion, biochemical as well as the term of exchange betwen the fracture and the porous media, it is very difficult to find their solution. in order to find more efficient method for solving these equations, several numerical methods for the equations without biochemical terms are discussed first. the numerical results show that the cubic spline method can be used to solve advection flow dominated problem which often occurred in the fractured media. then, the equation with both advection - diffusion term and biochemical term are discussed. the splitting - operator is used to decouple the advection and diffusion terms with biochemical term in the equations. the way to determine the smaller time step for solving fast biochemical terms is introduced through comparing the order of characteristic time of biochemical term with that advection ( diffusion ) term. numerical simulation results show that good agreement between analytical solution and experiment result is attained

    本文討論了含裂隙介質地下水污染物輸運與生物降解非線性方程組數值求解方法.方程含有對流項、擴散項、生長、死亡、吸附、解吸、趨化和孔隙與裂隙介質界面間的交換項的非線性偶合，使演算法十分困難.本文討論了無生化過程時的幾種求解方法，數值結果表明：用三次迎風插值法對常見的對流項占優勢，且場變量有較大梯度的問題較適用.在討論有生化反應過程時，利用對流項與生化反應項的特徵時間量級估算，給出了求生化過程作用子步的時間步長估算辦法.用上述方法所得到的模擬結果與解析解、無化學反應和有化學反應的實測值對比，吻合很好
  17. It was substantiated that the complementary relationship of evapotranspiration on the yellow river valley exists by using ground observed data from weather stations, hydrological and solar radiation observer. actual evapotranspiration was reckoned by model and results were verified by explored the secular annual mean basin actual evapotranspiration which was calculated from water model

    本文利用黃河流域氣象、水文及日射站的水平面觀測資料，證實了流域尺度上存在蒸散互補相關關系，進而採用蒸散互補模型對流域年實際蒸散發量進行估算；用水量平衡法計算的流域多年平均實際蒸散發量對估算結果進行檢驗。
  18. This paper states on the problems in water preventing and draining of highway tunnel of loess in gansu province and near area. firstly, it discusses the method to analyze and calculate the affect of groundwater characteristic, estiniate of tunnel water quantity and the varying of water contained in loess to the stability of surrounding rock mass according to the principle of groundwater leaking, hydraulic penetrating principle, groundwater dynamic law, groundwater flowing modulus low and so on

    本文針對甘肅省內外部分黃土公路隧道防排水方面存在的問題，首先根據黃土層地下水運規律，按水力學滲流原理並應用地下水動力學法和地下水徑流模數法等方法，探討了黃土層地下水情特性、隧道滲透涌水量估算和水對圍巖穩定性影響的分析計算方法。
  19. A quantitative method of rs for monitoring soil losses based on gis and the formula and algorithm of each model factor about the revised universal soil loss equation ( rusle ) are described in this paper, the spatial distribution law of soil erosion is discussed and the amount of soil loss of the small watershed is predicted running the model of rusle by the support of gis

    摘要以三峽庫區典型小流域為研究區域，通過遙感和野外調查進行信息採集，建立了流域環境數據庫；在gis支持下，根據修正通用土壤流失方程（ rusle ）模型對數據庫實施運算操作，探討了流域內土壤侵蝕強度的空間分佈規律，並估算了小流域水土流失量。
  20. This article describes the main forms of water leakage through exterior walls and on the basis of hydromechanics and surface physicochemistry deduces theoretical formulas for the computation of the depth of infiltration of water through walls, its infiltration rate and infiltration duration and thus makes quantitative evaluation of the main influential factors and their influential degree for the water leakage through exterior wall

    介紹了建築外墻滲漏的主要形式，並根據流體力學及表面物理化學理論，推導出水在墻體中滲透深度、滲透量及滲透時間的理論計算公式，從而對外墻滲漏的主要影響因素及其影響程度進行定量的評估。
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