凈增值 的英文怎麼說

According the original thoughts, this paper circumstantiates how to carry this theory into chinese practice and how to eliminate the fundamental shortcomings if foreign standards applied mechanically. therefore, in a creative way, this paper establishes a feasible eva appraisal system according to chinese listed companies " character and demonstrates it on some listed companies, such as sichuan changhong co. ; tsingtao brewery company ; and harbor line companies. in one word, this paper wishes to provide a set of more practical and predictable standard in comparison with roe and eps

本論文正是根據其理論，首先著重對目前如何將經濟增加值實際運用於評估中國上市公司業績，進行針對性的分析和探討，從而逐步剔除機械套用國外指標體系的根本性缺陷，然後按照中國證券投資市場的特徵，創造性地建立一套符合中國實情地指標體系，同時運用這一指標體系對四川長虹、青島啤酒以及整個港口行業的上市公司五年間的業績變化情況做了仔細的運算和分析，並與現行的凈資產收益率、每股收益進行實證分析、比較，以期為上市公司業績評價提供一種更有預見性、更可行的指標體系。

Bear in mind also that the outstanding notional stock of derivatives has soared to more than $ 1 / 2 quadrillion over this horizon, representing an extra $ 1. 7 million haystack in which to search for the poisoned needle of mathematically - abstruse, systemic risk for each and every, readily - valued, new ounce of metal brought laboriously up from the stygian gloom and into the broad light of day

還有一點也要引起重視，衍生品市場的名義凈持倉已增加到了500萬億美金以上，這相當于在價值170萬美元的乾草堆中尋找每一根針鼻那麼大的金子，也就是不辭辛勞、苦苦搜索那每一盎司新開采出來的黃金，這些玩意兒被人們從黑暗的地獄中找出來，現如今終于來到光天化日之下。

This paper develops a deterministic inventory model for perishable items with a mixture of back orders and lost sales under inflation and time discounting, where the backlogged demand rate is dependent on the negative inventory level during the stock out period. the main differences from the existing related models are that the present model takes the maximum present value of profit in a repeatable order cycle as the objective function and proposes a more practical constraint of maximum customer - waiting time to ensure a proper customer service level. then the existence and the uniqueness of the solution to relevant systems are examined and a solution algorithm is shown to find the optimal replenishment policy. at last, some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the applicatioh of the model

本文建立了一種考慮通貨膨脹與時間價值的變質性物品的庫存模型，在模型中允許短缺發生且拖后的需求速率與在缺貨期間已經發生的缺貨量有關.和已有相關模型的主要區別在於本模型把一個可重復的訂貨周期內的最大平均利潤的凈現值作為目標函數，且增加了在缺貨期間最長顧客等待時間的限制，以確保庫存系統擁有較高的服務水平.然後討論了模型最優解的存在性與唯一性，並提供了尋求模型整體最優解的演算法.最後用實例說明了此模型在實際中的應用

The growth was mainly driven by external trade, with the net exports of goods and services contributed 5. 2 percentage points to the overall growth.

其中，本地實質生產總值增長中， 5 . 2個百分點是由對外貨物與服務凈出口所推動。

Centering on this theme, this paper lays out its discussion in the following five aspects ; 1. the raising of the value chain concept in this part of the paper, combining historical sight with the reality of the then usa, analysis is made on the background for the raising of the value chain concept. in the so - called most developed free market economy country usa, enterprises were subjected to the strict control of the government

為了使圍繞價值鏈的構造和其構造的戰略基礎研究的目的和目標更加明確，有必要或應當將另一積極活躍的價值管理領域的理論和方法融入價值鏈的建構研究之中，為此本文特辟專章簡述了該領域的經濟增加值（即eva ）的概念以及它的會計和財務的簡明計算方法: eva =稅后凈經營利潤-佔用資本資本成本率、期望的未來eva的現值= npv 。

To set a new index system of financial appraisal, some basic factors including operational purposes, subjective, the life cycle of enterprise, etc., must be taken into consideration. the changes of these factors determine the expansion and withdraw of the system. moreover, to design the system framework, the following principles must be abided by : the principle of understandability, the principle of operationally, the principle of cost - benefits, etc. according to the above, we believe that the system framework of financial appraisal should take economic value added ( eva ) as the core index and take the main factors that influence the success of enterprise operation into comprehensive indexes system

論文的創新處主要體現在：吸收我國企業效績評價指標體系和西方財務評價指標的精華，並在此基礎上，構建適應新經濟時期企業經營環境變化要求、分層次、多因素的企業經營業績財務評價指標體系；提出幾個很有創意的財務評價指標，諸如：知識與智力資產收益率、知識與智力資產貢獻價值增長率、凈資產創利率、負債收益率，相信必將對未來同類研究起到有益的借鑒作用。

Secondly in enterprise valuation cost method should proceed with book value of the financial statement, regard market value as adjusting orientation and reduce application range of cost method. when income method is adopted, four principles should be paid attention to : a : stage - by - stage income model should be used which is made by early stage income current value added by later stage income increase. b : net profit and net cash flow should be the majority of income volume

其次為：企業價值評估採用成本法應從財務報表的賬面價值入手、以市場價值為調整目標、減少成本法的應用范圍；採用收益法應以前期收益現值加後期收益額遞增的分階段收益模型，收益額以凈利潤、現金凈流量為主，收益預測以企業未來發展潛力分析為前提的銷售收入預測為主導，折現率堅持不低於無風險報酬率等四項原則，系數以回歸方程的測算為主；市場法中參照物企業選取應以同行業企業為基準、擴大數據來源，注重評估比率可靠性驗證、利用多種比率的配合等。

Secondly, through the survey of expert and the methodology of key success factor ( ksf ), it concludes the concrete ksfs of air product and water processing facility product. the ksfs of air product : brand name, service assurance, marketing network, large scale economic production, r & d ; the ksfs of water processing facility product : quality management, r & d, service assurance and marketing network - thirdly, through the methodology of value chain and core competence embodied with defined key success factor and main success factor, this paper analyses and evaluates the internal environment. it points out that air product has these advantages such as quality management competence, r & d competence, service assurance competence, large scale production competence, and has these disadvantages such as marketing network, brand name, cost control

本文首先運用pest分析法和波特的五種競爭力量模型，對奧神公司的臭氧空氣系列產品和臭氧水處理工程產品所處的宏觀環境、競爭狀況進行了分析和評價，認為奧神公司產品面臨著國家產業政策扶持、不斷增長的環保需求、人們對清潔空氣和潔凈水的需求增長等發展機會，也面臨著行業市場不規范、市場競爭激烈、用戶討價還價能力強等威脅；其次，通過專家調查，運用關鍵成功因素理論，分析得出臭氧空氣凈化系列產品市場的關鍵成功因素是品牌建設、服務保障能力、營銷網路建設、規模經濟水平、產品研發能力：臭氧水處理設備市場的關鍵成功因素是質量管理能力、研發創新能力、服務保障能力、營銷網路建設；再次，運用價值鏈理論、核心競爭力理論並結合所確定的關鍵成功因素和主要成功因素對奧神公司產品所處內部環境進行了分析，認為臭氧空氣凈化系列產品擁有質量管理能力、產品研發能力、售後服務保障力、規模生產能力的優勢，同時面臨著營銷網路建設、品牌建設、成本控制能力方面的劣勢。

Turnover represents the invoiced value of packaged of software products sold and computer related services rendered, net of discounts, value - added tax and business tax

2 .營業額指扣除折扣，增值稅及營業稅后銷售組合軟體產品及電腦相關服務的發票凈值。

2. turnover represents the invoiced value of packaged software products sold and computer related services rendered, net of discounts, value - added tax and business tax

2 .營業額指扣除折扣，增值稅及營業稅后銷售組合軟體產品及電腦相關服務的發票凈值。

On the other hand, the state - acquired group shows a slower growth in long - term investment and net cash flow generated from investment than the privately - acquired group does, which suggests that private acquirers tend to engage in more positive - npv projects than state acquirers do

另一方面，國有收購的公司在長期投資和從投資中獲得的凈現金流量上相較于私有收購的公司表現出更慢的增長，這表明私有收購方更趨向于從事正凈現值的項目。

The emergy of industrial auxiliary energy increased but its percent in total input was less than 10 percent. the input of manpower emergy was above 60 percent of the total emergy input, and the non industrial emergy input was above 90 percent of the total emergy input

但是，初級生產依然是處于低投入的傳統生產階段。工業輔助能值的投入雖然有所增加但占能值總投入的比例不到10 ，系統的凈能值產出率低下。

An amount of hk 38. 5 billion, being the net investment income after deducting the fiscal reserves share hk 37. 6 billion together with part of a premises revaluation surplus

凈投資收入扣除財政儲備分帳部分后的億港元加上物業重估增值

No - public shareholders realize their interests mainly through premium issue, net assets appreciation and money bonus

非流通股股東的利益主要是通過溢價發行、凈資產增值和盈利分紅來實現。

Between 1991 and 2001, net output or value - added of the services sector as a whole rose visibly, by an annual average of 8 per cent in value terms

一九九一至二零零一年間，服務業的凈產值或增值額顯著增加，以價值計算，平均每年上升8 % 。

Comparing 1999 with 1989, the net output or value - added of the services sector grew markedly, by an annual average of 10 per cent in value terms

一九八九至一九九九年間，服務業的生產凈額或增值組成部分大幅上升，以價值計算，每年平均上升10 % 。

For the unreasonable pricing pricipia of sosrh thus an unacceptable had been taken by the market, and therefore the pricing pricipia should be the major element within the sosrh applied structure. author argues that the net asset basis pricing method must be the proper way to solve such problems due to the unstable share price, such as the unregular add - value of net asset. and the net asset basis pricing method also could make an contribution to the full - run reform of state economic system

兩次試驗不浙江大學學位論文國有股減持模式及對我國證券市場和公司治理結構的影響被市場接受的共同點是國有股減持在定價原則上的不合理，由於國有股在資產評估和發行后的二次增值，已使每股凈資產存在較大幅度的溢價，因此以凈資產作為定價基礎是較為現實的做法，只有在減持價格上作一定讓步，才能順利、徹底地解決這一難題，我們應從推進市場化進程的長遠角度加以考慮，讓步不是妥協，是為了完成我國經濟體制改革的總體規化。

With the first - rate technology and valuable service, co - fedder provide all kinds of energy - saving, high efficient air purifying solutions for the public place, marketing and industrial market

憑借一流的技術和增值的服務，出色的售前售後服務，對客戶隨時隨地提供各種支持。向各種公共場合、商用和工業市場量身定做，實現最優的節能、高效的空氣凈化解決方案。

2. turnover turnover represents the invoiced value of packaged software products sold, it services rendered and provision of supply chain solutions, net of discounts, value - added tax and business tax

2 .營業額營業額乃指已售套裝軟體產品提供資訊科技服務及提供供應鏈解決方案的發票凈值已扣除折扣增值稅及商業稅。

Amongst the major constituent sectors, net output of community, social and personal services had the fastest growth ( at an average annual rate of 11 per cent ). this was followed by transport, storage and communications ; the wholesale, retail and importexport trades, restaurants and hotels ; and financing, insurance, real estate and business services ( at an average annual rate of 7 per cent each )

在各個主要服務行業中，社區、社會及個人服務業的凈產值增長最快（平均每年達11 % ） ；其次是運輸、倉庫及通訊業，批發、零售、進出口貿易、飲食及酒店業，以及金融、保險、地產及商用服務業（平均每年各增加7 % ） 。