存在主義作家 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [cúnzàizhǔyìzuòjiā]
存在主義作家
英文
simone de beauvoir-
The diaristic novel, nausea, is a representative work by sartre, the forerunner of existentialism
摘要日記體小說《惡心》是存在主義哲學家薩特的代表作。It can still be described as " creationism " in holding that divine intervention brought about the origin of life or that divine laws govern formation of species, but in the creation - evolution controversy its proponents generally take the " evolutionist " side while disputing that some scientists ' methodological assumption of materialism can be taken as ontological as well
它仍然可以被描述為持有神性干涉的「創造說」帶來了生命的起源或神性法則支配物種的形成，但是在造物進化爭論中，它的支持者通常站在「進化論者」一邊同時爭論某些科學家也作為存在論的唯物主義方法假定。Secondly, the course of transformation in china ' s grass - root shows that political integration by power exclusively uses national power as the main measure of political integration, that the state executes in a sovereignty capacity a simplex " reflexive monitoring " to societies within the " national boundaries ". in order to secure the national power to arrive quickly and effectively at each would - be integrated stage, the state eliminates those tanglesome characteristics of all the integration objects, and regard them as indistinctive abstract existence wanting technical treatment. thus, integration of this kind holds the political community externally, rather than internally and organically
第二，以中國基層社會為敘述場景的社會轉型歷程表明，國家權力支配型的政治整合排他性地將國家權力作為政治整合的主導手段，國家以主權者的身份對處于「國界」中的社會實施一元化的「反思性監控」 ，並為了保證國家權力能夠迅捷有效地抵達有待整合的各個層面，而消除了一切整合對象的「雜多」個性，將之視為有待技術化處理的無差別的抽象存在，致使這種整合形式只能維系政治共同體的外在統一，而無法實現作為「共同體」應有之義的內在凝聚和有機團結。Meantime, it, in the light of concerned foreign views and the brand new reseach achievement on domestic civil fraudulent contract in recent days, accompanied by utilization of some cases in contract laws, has been paid much attention to demonstrating and analying the contents of civil offense, such as, reasons, features, classifications, key components, validity, legal duties and character. this thesis is expected to be taken advantage in the fields of stud } ', prevention and related rules on civil fraudulent conducts by exploiting contracts as well as unifiable institution of civil laws. moreover, we hope to attract more scholars and legal experts who wound like to draw their concerns to the fraudulent conducts by using contracts and eventually develop our national socialism market economy in a sound way
本文以新《合同法》確定的誠實信用原則為切入點，圍繞合同民事欺詐，參照國外相關觀點及國內當前有關民事欺詐研究的最新成果，結合有關合同法案例，就合同民事欺詐的存在原因、特點及分類，構成要件，效力和法律責任及性質等四個專題進行了深入闡述和分析，對利用合同進行民事欺詐的研究、預防、適用法律等以及統一民法典的制定均有一定的參考作用，同時也期望以此文引起學者及法律專家對民事欺詐的關注和重視，推進我國社會主義市場經濟的健康發展。Correct measures are essential to carry out the peoples equality and development policy and pertinent religion policy in the multi - nation - state ; to form a correct concept of people and to publicize correct ethos by combining nationalism with patriotism ; to prevent and expose the western countries " factionalism on the peoples issues to the multi - nation - state ; to set down the active and effective measures aimed at the terrorist character of the peoples separatist forces. due to the pervading existence of the peoples separatist forces in the world, different countries need to reach the common conclusion to strike the peoples separatist forces ; to cut the capital resources of the peoples separatist forces and terrorist activities, to root out the basement of them, with the lead of un, strike the international support to them ; besides, different countries should strengthen nation security protection, form a new concept of national security, get international and organizing cooperation and get rid of every form of hegemony and power politics
在民族國家內部應正確實施民族平等團結、各民族共同發展的民族政策及相關的宗教政策；樹立正確的民族觀，把民族主義與愛國主義相結合，進行正確的民族主義思想理論宣傳；防止和揭露西方國家對其他多民族國家實行的民族分裂政策；針對民族分離主義恐怖主義活動的特點，制定出積極、有效的防範措施。由於民族分離主義勢力在世界范圍內具有普遍性，因此，各國應求同存異，尋求打擊民族分離主義及恐怖主義活動的國際共識；切斷民族分離主義分子進行民族分離活動和恐怖活動的資金來源，鏟除國際民族分離主義活動的基地，並充分發揮聯合國主導作用，打擊國際不法組織和個別國家對恐怖活動的支持；此外，各國還應共同加強國家安全工作，樹立新的國家安全觀，進行有組織的國際安全合作，戒除一切形式的霸權主義、強權政治。Securing judgment procedure is to protect the legal rights of creditor, under that aim, there also exist two direct aim, one is safeguard the execute of the judicial addict made in the future, the other is to avoid the unredemptive damages chapter 3 the type of civil securing judgment procedure this chapter researches into the type of civil securing judgment procedure and relevant legal basis in main countries, including the arrest and einstweligeverfugung in germany and japan, the juger en refere iprocedure and qrdanance sur requite in france, attachment, temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction in u. s, pre - judgement rremedies in britain, and property preservation and advance execution in china the civil securing judgment procedure system of france, u. s. and britain don t meet the situation and tradition custom of china, while the civil securing judgment procedure system of german and japan has deficiency the conclusion of this chapter is, we should reasonably reform current civil securing judgment procedure system of china, reconstruction the dual civil securing judgment procedure system under the division of property preservation and action preservaition chaptei4 court has the power of jurisdiction this chapter researches into the court which has jurisdiction to different kinds of securing
筆者認為，民事保全程序存在審理階段的保全程序和執行階段的程序，是特別的訴訟程序和執行程序兼容；民事保全請求權屬于廣義上的訴權；民事保全權屬于裁判權（司法權）和行政權並存；民事保全程序應當體現迅速原則、全面保護雙方當事人；權益原則、程序正當原則、保全措施的標的有限原則；民事保全程序的總目的是為了保護債權人的合法權益，其直接目的有二：一是保障將來執行文書的強制執行，二是：避免將來無法挽回的損失。第三章民事保全的類型本章對各主要國家關於民事保全的類型及其依據逐一作了論述：德國和日本的假扣押與假處分、法國的緊急審理程序和依申請作出裁定的程序、美國的， 、一。扣押和中間禁令、英國的臨時性救濟措施、我國的財產保全和先予執行。By further researching, the main part of which disobey the law of minor crime has been definited. that it is not only the duty of law, but also the family school and the society. i also bought forward some advices to the correlative sections should enact law of minor custody, reinforce and the law of minor protection, consummate the law of compulsory education. these are my own opinion on preventing minor crime
通過研究，明確了作為未成年人犯罪的違法主體，並不完全是法律責任主體，還存在家庭、社會、學校等三個方面的法律責任主體，並提出了出臺《未成年人監護法》 、補充完善《未成年人保護法》 、完善《義務教育法》的若干建議，為預防未成年人犯罪提出了自己的想法。Only in this way can taxation regulated effectively. based on analysis of theory and operation systems of customs duty, established socialist market economy, present situation of tax regulation, and being a member of wto, this article have proposed a way and measure of customs duty when china entry into the wto to promote development of society and economy in china
本文在分析海關稅收調控的理論依據、運行機制的基礎上，重點探討了在我國建設社會主義市場經濟和我國即將加入世界貿易組織（ wto ）的背景下，作為國家宏觀調控重要組成部分的海關稅收調控的現狀，結合實際分析其中存在的問題與制約因素，提出了促進我國社會經濟發展和順應我國加入wto ，完善海關稅收調控的對策和措施。The first two chapters argue that the birth of the sovereign man in the renaissance and early - modern episteme helped people to imagine their political community as sovereign and the conception of state external sovereignty borrowed much from the works of those modem political theorists such as machiavelli, thomas hobbes and john locke
本文首先追溯了以主權（男）人的誕生為特徵的歐洲文藝復興及現代早期的社會思想背景對國家主權觀念產生所起的影響，分析了國家對外主權觀念的理論淵源? ?以馬基雅維利、霍布斯、洛克的著作為代表的西方現代政治思想? ?中存在的男性主義色彩。This dissertation takes state immunity as the research object, and proceeds from the point of view of the basic theories of international law, and discusses the concept, the significance and the theoretical basis of state immunity. it also addresses the typical problems in the field of state immunity ? the subjects and exceptions ? deeply and in great details. it analyses and prospects the theory, practice and existing problems concerning jurisdictional immunity in china, as well as the trend of its future development
本文以國家豁免為研究對象，主要從國際法基本理論的角度出發，探討了國家豁免的概念、意義及理論根據，並對國家豁免領域內的典型問題主體及例外進行了深入細致的論述，對我國管轄豁免的理論、實踐及存在的問題與未來的發展趨勢作了分析與展望。The risk estimation of the exposure to market risks as the risk - management ' s core, there are many risk - management models of estimating the risk of financial markets, in this paper, the author first analyses the characteristics of the current financial market risks, then makes a comprehensive systematic analysis and estimation of all kinds of risks present in financial market with the help of var ( value at risk ), a world - wide valuably and widely accepted brand - new risk management tools. finally, a substantive suggestion about the applications of var models to the financial markets risk management of our country is provided on the basis of the detailed analysis of the calculation of all kinds of var models, along with their advantages and disadvantages and also the applications. with the development and betterment of our country ' s security markets, the entry into wto and openness of financial market, financial product innovation and extensions of traditional bank off - balance business, the augmentation of market risks will surely lead to risk management innovation and identity to international standards. therefore, the research of financial market risk management signifies a lot not only in a realistic sense, also in a guideline sense. this is just where this paper aims
針對金融市場風險管理的核心主要是對風險的測量，本文先分析了當前金融市場風險的特點，然後應用近年來在國際上受到廣泛重視並開始為大家所接受的一種全新的風險管理工具? 「在險價值」 （ valueatrisk ） var的基本思想，全面、系統地分析和測量了金融市場所存在的各種風險，並對各種var基本模型的計算、優缺點及應用作了詳細分析，最後對var模型在我國金融市場風險管理的應用提出了實質性的建議。隨著我國證券市場的發展壯大和不斷完善，及加入wto和金融市場的開放，金融產品的創新及傳統銀行表外業務的不斷拓寬，市場風險的加大必將帶來風險管理的創新並同國際接軌。所以金融市場風險管理的研究不僅具有現實意義，更具有指導意義實，這也是論文的出發點所在。Traditional security view cannot explain why the human - being is still facing various threats, so, the research on national security is not simply restricted to the fields of military, politics and diplomacy affairs, the non - traditional security issues such as economy, environment, information, transnational crime, drug trade, terrorism, smuggle, spreadi ng illness, which are connected with national security has become the hot spot, under this background, this thesis chooses the non - traditional security as the object to discuss so as to state the main issues of non - traditional security existing in china
於是，國家安全的研究不再僅僅局限在軍事、政治和外交領域，與國家安全密切相關的經濟安全、生態環境安全、信息安全、恐怖主義、走私販毒、疾病蔓延等「非傳統安全」問題成為國內外學者研究的熱點問題，相關領域的學者們對此展開了熱烈的討論。正是在這種背景下，本文選擇了關于非傳統安全問題作為探討方向，目的是想通過在前輩研究成果的基礎上，對新世紀中國存在的主要非傳統安全問題進行全面的論述，進而尋找應對非傳統安全問題的思路與策略，為我國的國家安全戰略服務。This paper gave the following conclusions ? ational curriculum standards are necessary and important for keeping the quality and level of curriculums and instructions in national wide ; national curriculum standards should face the whole country and possess the quality for generalization, and meanwhile, it should allow the multiplicity and flexibility in order to have the certain function and practical significance ; national curriculum standards should have the core framework or the themes which has the quality for instruction and manipulation ; during the development of the standards, it is important to make cooperation with the government educational department, professional groups, teachers, etc. in order to improve the quality of the standards and their acceptance of the standards ; the implementation of national curriculum standards is an up - down transition and the effective interactions among all the stages are very important
本文認為國家課程標準對于在全國范圍內維持課程與教學的水平和質量是必要的和重要的；國家課程標準必須面向全國，具有可以普遍推廣或應用的性質或價值，同時又要允許多樣性與靈活性的存在，才能具有較為確定的作用和實踐意義；國家課程標準要有確定的核心框架或主題內容，要注意其指導性與可操作性；在國家課程標準研製中，要注意政府教育主管部門、專業團體、教師等的多方合作與協同努力，提高標準研製的質量與標準的認同程度；國家課程標準的應用過程，有一個自上而下的轉換過程，因此，各層面的工作的有效轉化與互動相當重要。Although " directly applicable law " was clearly put forward in the 20th century page and truly became an influential international law doctrine, its theoretical basis can be traced back to the medium of 19th century, savigny ’ s " the seat of legal relationship theory ". public order is a system that has long history. in recent years, some scholars have new awareness to the functions of public order. they seem public order has broken through the traditional negative role of the constraints
本文分別比較了「直接適用的法」與公共秩序制度、沖突規范和統一實體規范之間的不同，表明「直接適用的法」與它們之間是有區別的，雖然「直接適用的法」體現的是國家主義的特徵，但作為一種無可爭辯的事實存在， 「直接適用的法」在國際私法規范、制度體系中應當有自己的地位。Dialectic school propounds the following propositions. 1, concept is subjective ; 2, the reality of concepts demands some conditions ; 3, the reality of a concept rests on application ; 4, the space and time of a phenomenon of a thing are subjective ; 5, the phenomenon of a thing possesses no certainty ; 6, phenomenon is the cultivation of inner subjectivity and the outer existence. 7, phenomenon is motionless ; 8, rational thinking is able to recognize the issue of the field of phenomenon, rather than the issues within the field of thing it self
摘要先秦名家通過辨析概念與事物的關系，揭示了：一、概念是主觀的；二、概念作為實在存在的條件；三、概念的真實意義在於運用；四、事物作為現象存在，其空間性、時間性是主觀的；五、作為現象的事物是不確定的；六、現象是主體先驗感知模式與外在塵緣的作為；七、現象是靜止的；八、理性思維只能關注經驗現象，對事物的真正無效。Realities of security viewpoints of defensive realism are : first, it admits international anarchy exists as a fact ; second, it admits security dilemma exists extensively, which cannot be eliminated thoroughly while can be mitigated in some degree ; third, it holds that international institutions can play positive role in security area ; fourth, cognitive factors have effects on nation ' s strategy ; fifth, defensive realism denies there is inevitable cause and effect relation between the rising of new great power and war, etc. at last, the paper states briefly the unreality of the defensive realism, and points out that hegemonic stability does not mean peace and security
先簡述現實主義的共同核心假設，再對防禦性現實主義的安全觀的現實性進行歸納，即1 、對國際無政府狀態的認定； 2 、承認安全困境的廣泛存在且不能根除，但可以緩解； 3 、承認國際組織對安全的獲得有一定的作用； 4 、承認認知因素對國家戰略的作用； 5 、認為新大國的崛起與戰爭之間並無必然的因果關系等。最後指出，防禦性現實主義也具有非現實性，歷史事實和實證研究都表明，霸權穩定與和平之間沒有必然聯系。Then the first part analyses the experiences of open market operation in developed countries and areas, pointing out the generality of their operations. as to developing countries, this part lays particular emphasis on the comparison of them to draw ripe experience from them. the second part attached more important to the discussion of china ` s omo
引言開宗明義提出問題之後，第一部分首先對各國開展的公開市場業務進行了國際比較，深入分析了美、德、日、香港等發達國家和地區的實踐經驗，並總結了它們之間存在的共性，對發展中國家的公開市場操作實踐，主要側重樣本國家之間的相互比較，意在從中得出可為我國借鑒的成熟經驗。Concerning the chinese citizens involved in the administrative decision - making, using the theories of political science and administrative science, from the administrative decision - making process on the participation of citizens with the basic theory, based on administrative decision - making in the analysis of chinese citizens in the reality and necessity, the thesis articulates the feasibility of participation of citizens in the administrative decision - making in several ways. the thesis mainly falls into four parts : part i : main public participation in decision - making on the basic administrative theory
中國是社會主義國家，黨和政府歷來高度重視公民參與與社會公共事務的工作，但是由於多種因素的影響，目前我國行政決策中公民參與仍存在很多問題，本文正是圍繞公民參與行政決策這一中心論題，在分析我國行政決策中公民參與問題的必要性和現實性的基礎上，提出了解決此問題的途徑和對策。The paper analyses how absurdity is presented in the novel slaughterhouse - five on the basis of the text - analysis and existentialism
摘要本文將文本分析和存在主義論文思想相結合，分析了現代主義作家馮尼格的作品《五號屠場》中表現荒誕的形式。Existentialist theology is a term used to describe the work of a number of theologians, chiefly from the 20th century, whose writings were strongly influenced by the literary and philosophical movement known as existentialism
存在主義神學主要是拿來來形容20世紀某些神學家的作品，它們受到存在主義文學哲學思潮的影響甚鉅。分享友人