The main study in this paper included as follows : the content and distribution of heavy metals in sediments and benthic organisms from the sewage stream in guangzhou city ; the acute toxicity and joint toxicity of mercury and selenium to swordtail fish ( xiphophorus helleri ) ; the damage of mercury to the indexes of antioxidant system in the gills and livers in swordtail ( including the measurement of the activities of total antioxidative capacity [ t ~ aoc ], superoxide dismutase [ sod ], glutathione peroxidase [ gsh - px ] and the concentration of malondiald - ehyde [ mda ] ) and the relief effects of selenium on it, as well as the physiological damage of mercury on the tissues, namely : the antagonistic effect of na + - k + ~ atpase activity on the tissues between selenite and mercury, and the ultrastructural damage under the exposure of mercury
研究內容主要有：廣州市河涌沉積物及底棲生物體內重金屬含量及評價；汞和硒對劍
尾魚的急性毒性和聯合毒性及安全濃度的評價；汞對劍
尾魚
鰓和肝臟中抗氧化系統的毒性，包括對總抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶活力及丙二醛含量的測定及硒對其保護作用；汞對劍
尾魚組織生理毒性即：汞對na ~ + - k ~ + atpase活力的影響及硒的保護作用和汞和對劍
尾魚組織超微結構的損傷等。以高氯酸?硝酸消化法和火焰原子吸收分光光度法測定了廣州市河涌沉積物和底棲生物中重金屬含量。
The measurements used are fork length, head length, upper jaw length, snout length, length of dorsal fin base and anal fin base and the distances from the tip of snout to insertion of dorsal fin, to pectoral fin, to ventral fin and to hard margin of preopercle
此所用於分析之外部非體節形質計有：
尾叉長、頭長、上顎長、吻長、眼徑、背鰭基底長、臀鰭基底長以及吻端到前
鰓蓋骨后綠、背鰭起點、腹鰭起點、臀鰭起點等11個形質。
A natural lateral - line system consists of about 100 sense cells that run from the gills to the tail on each side of the fish
魚身上天生的側線由大約100個經
鰓延伸至
尾部的感覺細胞串聯構成，兩側各一。
Red, black gill diseases, torn tail, white spots, external wounds
如紅黑鰓病爛鰓爛尾白點斑紋外傷寄生蟲等
