弱巖的 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [ruòyánde]
弱巖的
英文
incompetent-
Stability of rock slopes is generally controlled by the structure of rock masses, especially the soft structure surfaces. analysis of rock mass structures is a key to establish geological models and numerical simulation and a foundation to assess the stability of rock slopes. the weak structure surfaces are mainly bedding planes, faults, joints, schistosity plane and contact zones of intrusive bodies. since they are different in genesis and scale, the rock masses are different in features and mechanical intensities. based on the combination of rock structure bodies, 15 basic modes of deformation and failure of rock slope are systematically summarized. the deformation and failure of rock masses actually result from the recombination and rearrangement of these rock bodies. there are 11 types of rock mass structures and various deformation and failure of bank slopes are present in the reservoir area of the three gorge project
巖體結構，特別是軟弱結構面對基巖斜坡變形與破壞具有顯著的控製作用，巖體結構模式分析是建立斜坡地質模型和數學模型的關鍵和評價斜坡穩定性的基礎。巖層層面斷裂構造節理裂隙片理與劈理以及侵入體和圍巖的接觸帶等是控制基巖斜坡穩定的軟弱結構面，這些成因不同大小不一的結構面將巖體分割成性質各異力學強度不均的各種巖體結構體，構成了15種基巖斜坡變形破壞的巖體結構基本模式。不同結構體的重新組合與排列是斜坡失穩的內在原因。( 2 ) based on indoor test, two typical soft rock of brecciated mudstone and siltstone in luohu jiancheng district is carried systemically though interior rheological testing ; moreover combining with preceding studying results of rock rheological constitutive model, rheological numerical constitutive model suited to rock mass mechanics characteristics and stratum structure of luohu fracture zone, and numerical parameters of the model are processed with studying of curve fitting
（ 2 ）立足於室內試驗，對羅湖建成區兩種典型的軟弱巖石?含角礫泥巖和粉砂巖進行系統的室內流變試驗研究，又結合前人對巖石流變本構模型的研究成果，分析並確定了適合羅湖破碎帶巖體力學特性及地層構造特徵的流變計算本構模型，並對該模型的計算參數進行了曲線擬合研究。Past investigation found the rock in the right dam foundation composing of granite ( _ 4 ~ 3 _ 5 ~ 1 ) in dyas - trias, which has a very complicated mechanical environment. the complicated phenomenon is as follows : tectonism, alteration, rock mass demobilize, rock mass stress release and other factors. because of this several weakness rock zones and a loosen rock mass zone are develop in the right dam foundation
前期的調查表明其右岸巖體力學環境復雜，表現為：構成右岸壩基（肩）巖體主體的二迭三迭紀花崗巖（ _ 4 ~ 3 _ 5 ~ 1 ）受構造變動、蝕變、風化卸荷等因素的影響形成了壩基軟弱巖帶和壩肩上部卸荷鬆弛巖體。After researching the loads on dangerous rock synthetically, the author points out the development and collapse mechanism of dangerous rock : the geology foundations that forms dangerous rock are the constructional surfaces such as tectonic fracture 、 relief fissure, soft interlayer etc. the developing of dangerous rock is due to release of in - situ stress in rock 、 aeolation 、 water erosion and root flerry. the main loads leading to collapse of dangerous rock are gravity, water pressure and earthquake force
在綜合研究危巖上的各種作用之後，本文提出了危巖的形成和破壞機理：硬質巖體中構造裂隙、卸荷裂隙、及各種軟弱夾層，結構面的的存在是危巖形成的地質基礎；地應力卸荷、風化、流水侵蝕、植物根劈是危巖發育的主要作用；重力、水壓力、地震力是危巖崩塌的主要荷載。The essential elements and process of gas reservoir formation of ordovician in ordos basin have been annalysed systematicly and scientificly by means of the theory and method of organic geochemistry and tectonic geology in this dissertation. the several advanced techniques, such as gas generation thermal simulation, on - line individual gas compounds carbon isotope determination ( py - gc - c - ir - ms ), the analysis technique of light hydrocarbons and biomarkers in natural gas, gas migration simulation and gas carbon isotope determination in fluid inclusions, have been applied to focuse on the study of the gas generation mechanism of souce rock, correlation between gas and source rock, reservoir formation history, migration direction, charging road in detail
應用有機地球化學和構造地質學理論和方法對鄂爾多斯盆地奧陶系天然氣地質研究中薄弱環節成藏要素和作用進行了系統科學分析。利用烴源巖生氣定量熱模擬技術、熱模擬在線碳同位素實驗技術、氣體輕烴和生物標志物分析技術、運聚成藏物理模擬技術和包裹體中碳同位素分析技術等多種先進的實驗技術對烴源巖的生氣機理、氣源和混合比、成藏史、充注路徑、運移方向和構造作用與成藏關系等問題進行了深入的研究，在前人研究的基礎上，經過本次大量的實驗分析和綜合研究，提出了一些新的認識。Standard test method for slake durability of shales and similar weak rocks
油頁巖和類似弱巖石抗崩解持久性的標準試驗方法Abstract : based on the data obtained from field observations and deformation monitoring, this paper deals with the deformation and failure of a double - decked slope composed of soft rock strata in its lower part and hard - brittle rock strata in its upper part. it is demonstrated that the deformation of this kind of slopes is always initiated by the non - homogeneous rheological compression of the lower soft rock strata, leading to the tension fracture and toppling of the upper hard rock strata, and at last the sliding of the whole deformed body will be caused by the shear failure along the stress - concentration zone in the lower soft rock mass under the actions of the gravitational loading and infiltration water
文摘:以現場考察和變形監測資料為依據，探討一個下部有軟弱基座，上部為硬脆性坡體的「二元結構」邊坡的變形破壞問題，揭示這類邊坡的變形總是以下部軟弱巖體的不均勻壓縮流變為先導，進而引起上部硬脆性坡體的拉裂與傾倒，最終通過滲入水的作用，使下部承載狀況已進一步惡化了的軟弱巖體，沿剪應力集中帶發生剪切破壞而導致整個變形坡體的下滑。There are many different scale weak - faces in rock masses. the existing of weak - face not only breaks the integrity but also affects the mechanics property and failure model of rock masses
巖體中存在著各種不同尺度的弱面，弱面的存在不僅破壞了巖體的整體性，而且直接影響巖體力學性質和破壞方式。This text handles a tunnel for draining off water in huangjiawangarbage ground, in yichangcities is for the example, intro - ducedthe support techniqueofthe anchored bar, thesprayed concrete associated withthereinforcement matwhich is used in theengineeringconstruction, and pass to monitor, express the support technique can develop to the maximum bearing, and become the passive support becomean active support, so the the support technique guarantees the stabilizationof the tunnel and the normal proceeding of theconstruction with theengineering
摘要以宜昌市黃家灣垃圾處理場排洪洞為例，介紹了錨噴網支護技術在淺埋軟弱圍巖隧洞施工中的應用，並通過監測，表明錨噴網支護能最大限度地發揮圍巖的自承能力、變被動支護為主動支護，從而保證隧洞圍巖的穩定和工程施工正常進行。According to the constructive principles of these diagrams, the following aspects must be thought carefully : the rock types to be studied must be the same or nearly the same as those that can be discriminated by the diagram ; to avoid mixed or incorrect signals that could be produced, two or more such diagrams shall have to be jointly used ; for special rock types, such as a - type granites or potassic igneous rocks, special discriminative diagrams have to be determined and selected respectively ; the samples to be studied can not be altered ; in general, the diagrams must be used carefully with archean samples ; the petrotectonic assemblage or an expert system are recommended to be used together with the discrimination diagrams
強調指出：所採集的樣品必須新鮮（無蝕變或極弱蝕變） 、非堆晶的巖石；選擇的判別圖解必須與判別的巖石類型相一致，即對花崗巖類要用花崗巖的判別圖解，不能用玄武巖的判別圖解；對特殊類型巖石要選擇專門用於該類型巖石的判別圖解，如堿性花崗巖，鉀質火成巖；要應用多種圖解綜合判斷；不能用單個樣品，而應作多個樣品分析；要注意所選擇判別圖解的特別說明等。The analysis shows that, compared with mineral and chemical component content, the granularity fractal characteristics have higher correlative degrees with slaking durability, which reflects that the deposit environment influences slake durability deeply than other factors
分析發現，與成分相比，紅層軟巖的粒度分佈分形特徵參數與崩解特性具有更高的關聯度，表明沉積形成時的環境決定了成巖后的紅層軟巖崩解性強弱。Numerical simulation of rock progressive failure on samples with a pre - existed weak zone during brittle failure
含預制軟弱帶的巖石破裂過程的數值模擬It is very resembly representative island arc volcanic rock in the geochemistry character, so i demonstrate that a petrofabric formed tectonic activity section and island arc environment ; i also demonstrate that parametamorphite in the a petrofabric formed tectonic activity section. b petrofabric is very resembly a petrofabric in many aspects, so i think that b petrofabric also formed island arc environment, but volcanic activity obvious weakened in the b petrofabric stage. c petrofabric formed carbonatite mesa
在地球化學特徵方面與典型島弧火山巖非常相似，得出a巖組形成於構造活動區，形成環境為島弧環境。 a巖組的副變質巖的原巖碎屑巖是快速堆積的，處于構造活動區。 b巖組和a巖組對應的巖石在各個方面都非常相似，所以形成環境也為島弧環境，只是火山活動在這期間明顯減弱。Due to low burying depth and weak diagenesis, the formation is loosely solidified, which shows an immature stage of diagenesis
館上段地層埋藏較淺，成巖作用弱，巖石疏鬆，為早期成巖階段的產物。General situation and characteristics of upper & lower lockheads design of zhuzhou navigation - power junction, and the contents and effect of simulation research on lockhead constructed on weak bed rock and ununiform rock bed are described
摘要介紹株洲航電樞紐船閘上下閘首的設計概況和特點、軟弱巖石地基和不均勻巖石地基上閘首模擬研究的內容和效果。( 2 ) because of t he variability of rock subjected to outside action, three new conceptions : postive damage basic damage and negative damage, are suggested, which can deal with the condition that rock density became large. ( 3 ) the present damage variables based on ct number mostly include ct average number of the rock without damage, which is difficult to measure, so a new damage variable, which includes the average ct number is proposed, on the other hand, strain equal theory is generalized because the one put foreword by lemaitre is not good enough to use. ( 4 ) a axial damage constitutive equation is proposed and testified. ( 5 ) with the circle times, the damage propagation laws of two different rocks, subjected to circle of freezing and thawing, are studied, and in the analysis process, traditional analysis method including average ct number and is used, some important conclusions are reached : inner damage of soft rock containing a large mount of apertures is largely propagating with the time increasement of circle, however, at the preliminary time, the hard rock containing a small mount of aperture is a little propagating, at late time, the influence become large ; ( 6 ) zone separation and statistics frequency put forward is used to analysized the three different damage propagation in the open circumstance, when they are subjected to the different circle times of freezing and thawing, in which the temperature variability is linear, different freezing rate, and different freezing temperature, and no water is supplied during the test
在研究過程中本文主要做了以下工作： （ 1 ）針對巖石損傷變化較小時，運用ct均值和方差分析不方便的缺陷，本文提出運用對ct數范圍劃分區段的方法，根據各區段統計頻率的變化規律來分析損傷擴展狀況； （ 2 ）針對巖石受到外部作用的多變性，本文提出了基準損傷，正損傷，負損傷的概念，在某種程度上考慮了巖石受到外部作用時的壓密情況； （ 3 ）現有的基於ct數的損傷變量大多需要用到巖石基體的ct均值，這實際上是很難觀測到的，因此本文建議了一個可運用巖石初始狀態ct均值的損傷變量，由於現有的勒邁特教授應變等價原理使用上的不便，本文在其基礎上進行了推廣； （ 4 ）建議了一個可用巖石初始狀態ct數和彈性模量的單軸損傷本構方程，並用算例進行了驗證； （ 5 ）對兩種不同巖石在開放環境下受到凍融循環作用且融化過程中補水時，內部損傷隨凍融循環次數增加的擴展規律進行了探討，主要運用了常規的ct均值和ct方差的分析方法進行分析，試驗發現：對于孔隙率和含水率較高，密度和強度較低的軟弱巖石，凍融循環次數對損傷結構的擴展有明顯的影響，而對于孔隙率和含水率較低，密度和強度較高的硬巖，凍融循環次數對其損傷結構擴展初期由於含水率低的原因，影響不是太大，而後期由於水補給后，含水率較高的原因，凍融影響逐漸增大； （ 6 ）運用了本文提出的區段劃分和統計頻率的方法，深入地分析了開放環境下的線性溫度變化的凍融循環次數，凍結溫度，凍結速度不同巖石作用時，其內部損傷隨凍融循環次數，凍結速度和凍結溫度變化的擴展規律，需要指出的是除了在試驗前飽水外，凍融過程中沒有補水。The soil - nailed support system has been applied widely at home and abroad, but it is short of research on mechanism of interactive action between support structure and rock and soil medium especially soft - weak medium and some understandings rest on the stage of qualitative descriptions. current design theories base on engineering analogy. the systemic numerical tests on soil - nailed support are made utilizing the advantage of the fem method on quantitative research in this dissertation, the reinforce mechanism in quantitative aspect is pointed out, and the reinforce effects of support parameter and soil property parameter are abstracted so as to provide scientific basis for optimization design
土釘支護在國內外已得到廣泛應用，但對支護結構與巖土介質特別是軟弱巖土介質相互作用機理的研究還停留在定性描述階段，現行設計理論只能建立在工程類比基礎之上；本文藉助有限元方法在量化研究方面的特有優勢，對土釘支護進行了系統的數值試驗研究，試圖從量化的角度揭示土釘支護的加固機理，為優化設計提供較為科學的依據。On the pulling anchor - cable step, the internal force of beam - on - foundation can be calculated by winkler hypothesis in the case of weak rock mass and infinite half elastic foundation hypothesis in the case of stratums that are of some elastic characteristics
在張拉階段，可以採用溫克爾假定計算破碎軟弱巖體上的地梁內力；對于有較好彈性性質的地層，則可按彈性半無限體地基計算地梁內力。Being calculated, the frame beam - on - foundation may be disconnected to two single beams. on the pulling anchor - cable step, the internal force of single beam - on - foundation can be calculated by winkler hypothesis in the case of weak rock mass and infinite half elastic foundation hypothesis in the case of stratums that are of some elastic characteristics. the internal force of frame beam - on - foundat
在張拉階段，對于單片型地梁，可以採用溫克爾假定計算破碎軟弱巖體上的地梁內力；有較好彈性性質的地層，可按彈性半無限體地基計算地梁內力；對于框架型地梁，可按溫克爾地基模型計算其各單片梁的內力。From the study we can see that : weak - face in rock masses is decisive in the mechanics character of rock masses ; further more fractal of weak - face has important effect on it
研究表明，工程巖體中的弱面對巖體的力學特性起著決定性的作用，而且弱面的分形性也對其有重要影響。分享友人