態間躍遷 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [tàijiānyuèqiān]
態間躍遷
英文
transition between states-
Up to now, some people represent certain - position transition model in which molecular motors transition are supposed to occur at some fixed positions. the molecular motors are described by m internal states and undergo transitions at k spatial locations within the period of the molecular force potentials
在現有的理論中，有人提出馬達在不同狀態之間躍遷發生在某些固定的位置，這就是所謂的定點躍遷理論，這種理論的假定過強，在物理上難以被人們接受。In this model, ion conduction involves transitions of three states, with one three - ion state and two two - ion states in the selectivity filter respectively. in equilibrium, the well - known nernst equation is deduced
在這一模型中，離子通道的選擇性過濾器主要處於三個態，一個三離子態和兩個兩離子態，轉導過程用這三個態之間的相互躍遷來描述。The research for the binding energy of d - centers is important to the transition energy and the optical and the magneto - optical absorption of shallow center d - there have been some theoretical and experimental investigations [ 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ] about three - dimensional and two - dimensional d - centers in magnetic field, but have no works discussed the d ~ centers in quantum wells in the strong magnetic field limited
研究d ~ -中心各個態的束縛能，對于研究d ~ -中心各能級之間的躍遷和d ~ -中心的光學和磁光吸收、新型器件的研製與開發都有很大的意義。By using the multi - configuration dirac - fock ( mcdf ) method, the effects of relaxation and correlation on the transition energies and probabilities of electric - dipole allowed ( el ) resonance and intercombination transitions for 2p53s3 - 2p6 in neutral neon have been systematically studied firstly. and the results of the transition energies and probabilities ( lifetimes ) in length and velocity gauge have been presented. during the calculation, in order to consider the rearrangement effects of the bound - state density and some important correlations, the asfs of transition initial - and final - states were divided according to their angular - momentum and parity and calculated, and different number of csfs were included in the expansion of asfs
本文利用多組態dirac - fork （ mcdf ）理論方法，通過對輻射躍遷初、末態電子波函數的獨立計算以及在原子態波函數的展開中考慮不同數量的組態波函數，系統地研究了弛豫和相關效應對中性ne原子2p ~ 53s ~ （ 1 . 3 ） p _ 1 ~ o - 2p ~ 6 ~ 1s _ 0電偶極共振和復合躍遷的能量以及躍遷幾率的影響，給出了長度和速度兩種不同規范下激發態的能量和輻射壽命；以中性ne原子的研究為基礎，進一步研究了類ne等電子系列離子（ z = 11 - 18 ）較低的激發組態2p ~ 53s和基組態2p ~ 6的能級結構以及各能級間的輻射躍遷特性。Abstract : we have studied theoretically a beat effect in a four - level system due to fifth - order optical polarization, and considered the cases that the pump beams have either narrowband or broadband linewidth. we have found that the accuracy for the energy - level splitting measurement is determined by the homogeneous linewidths of the optical transitions. that is to say, this technique can achieve doppler - free precision in the measurement of the energy level splitting between two excited states which are dipolar forbidden from the ground state
文摘:研究了四能級系統中基於五階極化的拍頻效應，考慮了抽運光束為窄帶線寬或寬帶線寬的情形.發現其對能級分裂的測量精度決定於光學躍遷的均勻增寬.也就是說，這種技術在測量與基態是偶極禁戒躍遷的兩激發態之間的能級分裂時，可得到消除多普勒增寬的精度In the case of uncorrelated noises, it is shown that only the fluctuation of degradation reaction rate can induce a switch process, and the mean first passage time ( mfpt ) between the high concentration state and low concentration one is decreased when the noise intensity of degradation reaction rate is increased
可以看到源於蛋白質基本合成率的噪聲強度不能引起基因狀態的轉變（即基因的開關）而源於降解率噪聲強度則能夠實現這種開關。當進一步研究在降解率波動作用下基因從一個態躍遷到另一個態的平均首通時間（ mfpt ）時可以看到此時隨著這個波動強度的增加， mfpt是單調遞減的。We try to find a realization { i, j } of yangian of this system by using the yangian symmetry we have found before, and try to construct the shift operators based on { i, j } for degenerate states, as a result, we able to shift one degenerate state to another
利用已有的yangian對稱性，尋求其可行的yangian實現，進一步尋找由組成的不同量子簡並態之間的躍遷算符，實現了其不同量子簡並態之間的躍遷，得到了很好的結果。The strong probe field is coupled to the strong transition and creates two dressed states, the level spacing of which is far larger than the atomic decay rates
強探測場與弱躍遷進行共振耦合產生兩個修飾態，修飾態間距遠大於原子衰減速率。With time - evolution - operator, it is proved that the population of upper level is in circumstance of cyclic oscillation by laser pulses pair of gaussian line - shape in a homogeneous broadening two - level system. the oscillatory time oxide is the delay time between the laser pulse pairs and the oscillatory frequency equals the one of transition between the lower and upper level
引入時間演化算符，證明均勻增寬二能級體系在飛秒激光脈沖對作用下上能級激發態布居是周期性變化的，它以飛秒脈沖對之間的延時為時間軸，以該原子能級之間的躍遷頻率為振蕩頻率This paper analyzed the relationship between the model space, initial models, local minimization solutions, global minimization solution etc. in the geophysical inverse problem and the state space, particle state, stationary state, excited states, ground state etc. in the atomic transition based on the similarity of the procedure of iterative optimization for geophysical inverse problem and those for atomic transition
摘要詳細研究了一般地球物理反問題的迭代優化求解過程與物理學中原子躍遷過程的對應關系，建立了反演問題中模型空間、初始模型、局部極值模型、最優化模型等與原子的態空間、定態、激發態、基態等的對應關系。The method plays an important role in distinguishing and studying the complicated and confused spectral characteristics and mechanisms of the rare earth. ( 2 ) it is found and explained that due to the boltzmann distribution law at room temperature, the positions of the fine peaks of the photoluminescence band stemming from the transitions between an excited state and the ground state of a re3 +, match these of the absorption bands from the transitions between the ground state and the excited state. the stark split energy levels of the ground state 4i15 / 2 and two excited states 2s3 / 2 and 4f9 / 2 of the er3 + in er203 have been determined
薛理輝武漢理工大學博士學位論文摘要（ 2 ）發現在常溫下，由於boltzm ~分佈律的作用，在re3 +的基態電子態和激發態間躍遷所產生的發光譜帶和吸收譜帶中的精細譜峰的位置一一相同，解釋了產生這種關系的原因，並弄清了er203中er3 +的基態電子態4lts . 12和激發態電子態2凡/ 2 、 4凡/ 2的stark能級分裂情況，確定了常溫下erzo3中er3 +的4了15 / 2一2凡/ 2和『 i ， 5 / 2一『凡/ 2精細能級間的躍遷形式。The intensity of distinguishable pl peaks increased with the increasing n content in the films, and the central positions of the above two pl bands were influenced by both the content of o and n. it is suggested that these pl were originated from luminescence centers related to si - o and 0 - si - n defects
分立峰強度隨薄膜中的氮含量增加而升高，熒光帶中心位置受到氧、氮含量的影響，分析表明其熒光起源於si - o和n - si - o等復合缺陷組態能級間的輻射躍遷。Based on the actual biology settling, kinesin moves along microtubule which is constructed from asymmetrical o and p protein subunits which array periodically, so the microtubule ' s structure is also asymmetrical and periodical. during the motion, kinesin ' s configuration changes in a dynamic - chemical period in which there are several dynamic - chemical states for the motor, and the transitions are random between state and state to a certain extent
根據實際的生物背景，驅動蛋白沿微管作定向運動，構成這些微管的蛋白亞基順序排列，形成非對稱的周期性結構，且驅動蛋白在運動過程中構象發生了變化，在一個力學和化學循環中要經歷多個中間態，各個態之間的躍遷具有隨機性。For the transition induced by the asymmetric perturbations is double - direction, the particle number in the core state is always less half of the total particle number. so, from the point of view of average over time, it is a coexisting state of rotating and without rotating that is formed. this state which is in the josephson tunneling regime of the macroscopic quantum tunneling is a quantum self - trapping state
由於不對稱的微擾引起的躍遷是雙向的，使得核心態上的粒子數總是少於總粒子數的一半，因此從時間平均的角度看，形成的是旋轉的和不旋轉的態共存的狀態，而且處于宏觀量子隧穿的約瑟夫森隧穿區域中，是量子自束縛狀態。2. the transient behav ; ors in the initial period of time and the characteristic time to reach the steady state for the molecular motor are discussed. the results are as follows : the transient behaviors relate to the transition rates and the initial condition, and the characteristic time is only determined by the transition rates
分析了在最初一段時間內分子馬達的暫態特徵及到達穩態所需的特徵時間，結果表明：分子馬達的暫態特徵由初始條件和躍遷速率常數共同決定，而到達穩態所需的時間只由躍遷速率常數決定。Yq ( sl ( 2 ) ) algebras describe the new symmetry, as is yangian, which nonlinear complete quantum integrable model have, and yq ( sl ( 2 ) ) algebras can also construct shift operator between the two different quantum states
同yangian一樣， y _ a （ sl （ 2 ） ）代數嚴格描述了非線性完全量子可積模型所特有的新型對稱性，並且y _ q （ sl （ 2 ） ）代數也可以構造兩個不同量子態之間的躍遷運算元。We also show the relationships between the frequency of the external laser fields and the transition of the qubit in the two - qubit conditional geometric quantum phase - shift gate, explaining in detail how the transition of the qubit depends on the the external laser fields and the states of the controlling qubit. we also detail the theoretical ideas which explain how to control effectivly the two - qubit conditional geometric quantum phase - shift gates through external laser fields
我們得到了外加激光場頻率跟兩量子位條件幾何量子相移門中的量子位躍遷之間的關系，詳細地說明了量子位的躍遷是怎樣依賴于外加激光場和控制量子位的狀態的，從理論上解釋了如何利用外加激光場有效的控制兩量子位條件幾何量子相移門。Three characteristic features are found. first, for the same set of atom - light interaction parameters, the indices of refraction are large at three different frequencies where the absorption vanishes. these three frequencies are determined by the resonance transition frequencies between dressed states produced by the strong driving field
我們發現了三個重要特徵：首先，在相同的原子和光相互作用參數條件下，同時存在三個無吸收折射率增強點，這三個點所處的頻率位置由驅動場產生的修飾態之間的共振躍遷決定。But their assumption is too narrow to be accepted. other people advance equal - probability transition model in which molecular motors transition are supposed to occur at any positions
也有人提出均勻躍遷理論，認為馬達在不同狀態之間的躍遷在各個位置都是等幾率的。It is assumed that the particles experience several internal states in a single mechanical - chemical circle. in this model, the transition rates between different states are position - dependent which have the form of gaussian function. for any internal states, the probability distribution as a function of the time and position may be expanded near the transition points to any rank if necessary
我們認為馬達在不同狀態之間的躍遷不再局限於某些固定的躍遷點，也不是在各個位置都是等幾率的，而是發生在某些點附近的一定寬度范圍內，用躍遷寬度這一特徵量表徵躍遷范圍的大小，能夠較好地說明分子馬達的動力學行為。分享友人