拋石防護 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [pāodànfánghù]
拋石防護 英文
ripraprotection
  • 拋 : 動詞1. （扔; 投擲） throw; toss; fling 2. （丟下; 拋棄） leave behind; cast aside; abandon
  • 石 : 石量詞（容量單位, 十斗為一石） dan, a unit of dry measure for grain （= l00 sheng）
  • 防 : Ⅰ動詞（防鷥） provide against; defend against; guard against Ⅱ名詞1 （防守; 防禦） defence 2 （堤...
  • 護 : 動詞1. （保護; 保衛） protect; guard; shield 2. （袒護;包庇） be partial to; shield from censure
  • 防護 : protect; shelter; shield; guard; shielding; protection; proofing
  1. In this thesis, first, reasons and factors for the stability of loose rock dams were summarized according to the field surveys and certain expert ' s experiences. then, researches on block stability problems were reviewed, and according to the relationship between grain size and incipient velocity, it is found that the block weight is in direct proportion to 6 - 9 power of incipient velocity, and 50 % increase of the velocity will result in about 40 times change of the block weight. after that, experiments were conducted in a flume, focusing on the relationship between incipient velocity and some main factors including block weight, water depth over the dam, cross - section size, block material and river bed material

    本文首先根據散拋石壩損毀情況的現場調查資料，結合有關專家多年的整治經驗，總結出壩體的損毀原因及影響因素；對現有塊體穩定性的研究成果進行回顧和總結，並針對散拋石壩的直接損毀現象，結合山區河流的水流、地形特點，利用塊體粒徑與起動流速的關系，提出塊體穩定重量與起動流速高次方成正比的概念，流速50的增長可能導致塊體穩定重量接近40倍的變化；通過二維變坡水槽試驗，研究了壩體穩定的主要影響因素，包括塊體重量、壩頂水深、斷面尺寸、塊體材料（塊石和卵石兩種） 、護底等，結果表明對于山區河流，試圖僅僅通過增加壩體單個塊體重量或斷面尺寸來提高壩體穩定性效果甚微；最後，根據西部地區的自然、經濟、交通等條件，提出可以採用柔性混凝土鉸鏈體等一類整體性較好的護面層作為散拋石壩的防沖毀措施，以期取得良好的工程效果。
  2. Results showed that the temperature distribution of the traditional embankment was asymmetrical ; the asymmetrical status was changed after ripped - rock revetment was installed and the soil under the ripped - rock was cooled obviously ; the ripped - rock revetment could cool embankment and adjust the temperature difference between the north - facing slope and the south - facing slope ; the ripped - rock revetment was an available technique to protect embankment from thawing settlement and longitudinal cracks in permafrost regions

    結果表明：普通路基的陰陽坡兩側溫度分佈極不對稱；鋪設拋石護坡后，這種狀況得到了很大改善，並且拋石護坡下土體溫度明顯降低；拋石護坡能夠降低路基溫度和調節路基陰陽坡的溫度差異；拋石護坡是多年凍土區防治路基融沉和縱向裂縫病害的一種可行措施。
  3. Abstract : a brief introduction to scientific research in the three gorges project ( tgp ) and the applications of research achievements is given, which include treatment of newly slited layer on the foundation of the first stage earth - rock cofferdam, dumping bottom technique of river closure in deep water, construction of cut - off walls in the second stage earth - rock cofferdams, 3 - d computer simulation of river closure, concrete casting alternatives and selection of major construction equipment for the second stage construction optimization of durability of raw materials of concrete, deep sliding resistance and stability of the intake dam section, the section of the intake of the power station, the intake penstock of the power station, layout and hydraulics problems of shiplocks, stability of high slopes of shiplocks, and optimization of the system structural anchor bars to reduce the risk of cracking in the concrete wall and 700mw turbine generator units

    文摘:介紹三峽工程的科研項目，綜述三峽工程開工以來的主要科研成果及工程應用情況，包括：一期土石圍堰基礎處理與施工技術；大江截流上下游土石圍堰平拋墊底研究；二期圍堰防滲工程研究；大江截流計算機科學管理；大壩混凝土澆築方案及主要施工機械選型；混凝土的原材料和耐久性優化試驗研究；大壩基礎深層抗滑穩定研究；三峽電站進水口型式研究；鋼襯鋼筋混凝土引水管道研究；蝸殼打壓、廠壩間伸縮節問題研究；永久船閘的引航道布置、輸水系統及水力學、高邊坡穩定、混凝土襯砌墻的結構與支護研究；特大型水輪發電機組的科學研究。
  4. A brief introduction to scientific research in the three gorges project ( tgp ) and the applications of research achievements is given, which include treatment of newly slited layer on the foundation of the first stage earth - rock cofferdam, dumping bottom technique of river closure in deep water, construction of cut - off walls in the second stage earth - rock cofferdams, 3 - d computer simulation of river closure, concrete casting alternatives and selection of major construction equipment for the second stage construction optimization of durability of raw materials of concrete, deep sliding resistance and stability of the intake dam section, the section of the intake of the power station, the intake penstock of the power station, layout and hydraulics problems of shiplocks, stability of high slopes of shiplocks, and optimization of the system structural anchor bars to reduce the risk of cracking in the concrete wall and 700mw turbine generator units

    介紹三峽工程的科研項目，綜述三峽工程開工以來的主要科研成果及工程應用情況，包括：一期土石圍堰基礎處理與施工技術；大江截流上下游土石圍堰平拋墊底研究；二期圍堰防滲工程研究；大江截流計算機科學管理；大壩混凝土澆築方案及主要施工機械選型；混凝土的原材料和耐久性優化試驗研究；大壩基礎深層抗滑穩定研究；三峽電站進水口型式研究；鋼襯鋼筋混凝土引水管道研究；蝸殼打壓、廠壩間伸縮節問題研究；永久船閘的引航道布置、輸水系統及水力學、高邊坡穩定、混凝土襯砌墻的結構與支護研究；特大型水輪發電機組的科學研究。
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