按制定的法律 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [ànzhìdìngdefǎlǜ]
按制定的法律 英文
as by law enacted
  • 按 : Ⅰ動詞1 （用手或手指壓） press; push down 2 （壓住; 擱下） leave aside; shelve 3 （抑制） restrain...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 律 : Ⅰ名1 （法律; 規則） law; rule; statute; regulation 2 （律詩的簡稱） short for lüshi 3 （姓氏） a ...
  • 法律 : law; statute法律保護 legal protection; 法律程序 legal procedure; 法律承認 de jure recognition （...
  1. According to the civil procedure act and relevant laws of china, occasional evidence presentation had been put into judiciary practices for a long time, which brought great difficulties in the implementation of proof burden system and caused poor efficiency and a waste of judiciary resources

    按照我國《民事訴訟法》及相關法律規定，在我國的民事司法實踐中長期以來實行的是「證據隨時提出主義」 ，這使得我國的舉證責任制度無法落到實處，並由此暴露出「證據突襲」 、重復審理等弊端，造成審判效率低下、司法資源嚴重浪費。
  2. In this report, we mainly covered the following aspects of " tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ " : 1 ) procedures of tissue organd regeneration and replication and replication in clnical practice ; 2 ) the discover and existence of potentiald regenerative cell ( prc ) ; 3 ) the proliferation, differentiation and regeneration law of potential law of potential regenerative cells ; 4 ) study procedure on tissue organ regeneration and replication from prcs in vitro based on the model of full skin organ regeneration in situ after extensive in vitro, set up the method and technology of searching life regenerative substance required in tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ. in this study, first, the whole human body is divided into 206 function units, which are the " tissue organ " in regeneration study. then the histology foundation of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ is set up. in ordre to prove the existence of the potential regenerative cells and their potential baility and function, we established clinical tracking rechnique of skin organ regeneration in situ ; meanwhile, several tissue organ regeneration and replication in vitro models which represent different kinds of runctions were sucessfully set up, with all these techniques and models, we confirmed : 1 ) the existence, function and ability of pptemtoa regenerative cells ; 2 ) the importance of life regenerative substance ; 3 ) the feasibility of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ ; 4 ) the big value of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ in life science and medicine progerss. we also showed the possible foreground of capture cancer with this method and technologh. in this report, nearly 200 photographs of several tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ or in vitro demonstrated the whole process of tissue organ and big organ entities regeneration and replication from cells. the results of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ mainly include : 1 ) whole skin organ regeneration and replication in situ ; 2 ) gastrointestinal mucosa tissue organ regeneration in vitro ; 3 ) hair follicle tissue organ regeneration in situ or in vitro ; 4 ) never tissue organ regeneration in situ ; 5 ) pancreas tissue organ regeneration and replication in vitro ; 5 ) marrow tissue regeneration in vitro ; 6 ) renal glomerulus and tubule tissue organ tugeneraation in vitro ; 7 ) heart muscle regeneration in vitro, etcl. in order to let more and more people know and understand this technology of tissue organd regeneration and replication in situ, herein, for the first time, we publicize the key points of actualizing this technology. also, we publicized the technology procedures and the frame constitute of life substances. we bilieve this is a big contribution to human science

    本研究報告，重點報道了組織器官的原位再生復制的臨床程序，報道了組織潛能再生細胞的發現和存在，以及該細胞的增殖分化和形成組織器官的變化規律.以燒傷后皮膚組織器官的原位再生復制為模型，研究出了體外組織潛能再生細胞復制組織器官的培養方法;以體外組織器官的復制為模型，建立了尋找原位組織器官再生復制所需生命物質的方法和技術.本研究，首先按人體的器官功能，分解為206個功能單位，確立了所復制的人體器官中的組織功能單位為組織器官，從而建立了原位組織器官再生復制的組織學基礎.為了驗證組織潛能再生細胞的再生潛能，建立了皮膚器官原位再生的實體臨床跟蹤技術，同時又建立了能代表有關器官功能類別的代表組織器官的原位和體外復制模型，以多組織器官的成功復制確定潛能再生細胞的作用，確定生命研究再生物質的重要性，確定組織器官原位再生復制的可行性，確定了組織器官原位再生復制的生命科學研究和醫學進步的重大應用價值，同時展示了用此方法和技術攻克癌癥的前景.本研究報告，以近二百幅多個組織器官原位和體外再生復制的實體圖片，展示了潛能再生細胞復制的組織器官和大器官司實體;展示了細胞再生復制器官的全過程.真實的報告了組織器官原位再生復制的成果.所公布的主要成果為:皮膚器官的原位再生復制;胃腸黏膜組織器官的原位和體外再生復制;毛囊組織器官的原位和體外再生復制;神經組織器官的原位復制;胰腺組織器官的體外復制;骨髓組織的體外復制;腎小球小管組織器官的體外復制;心肌的體外復制等.為了讓更多的人學會和掌握組織器官原位再生復制技術，本報告首次公布實施技術的重要環節和技術流程;首次公布了生命再生物質的框架和組成.作者自費研究成果對人類生命科學的一大貢獻
  3. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  4. They must view the world with broad vision, acquire a correct understanding of the requirements of the times and be good at thinking on a theoretical plane and in a strategic perspective so as to improve their ability of sizing up the situation in a scientific way. they must act in compliance with objective and scientific laws, address promptly the new situation and problems in reform and development, know how to seize opportunities to accelerate development and enhance their abilities of keeping the market economy well in hand. they must correctly understand and handle various social contradictions, know how to balance the relations among different interests, overcome difficulties and go on improving their ability of coping with complicated situations

    必須以寬廣的眼界觀察世界，正確把握時代發展的要求，善於進行理論思維和戰略思維，不斷提高科學判斷形勢的能力必須堅持按照客觀規律和科學規律辦事，及時研究解決改革和建設中的新情況新問題，善於抓住機遇加快發展，不斷提高駕馭市場經濟的能力必須正確認識和處理各種社會矛盾，善於協調不同利益關系和克服各種困難，不斷提高應對復雜局面的能力必須增強法制觀念，善於把堅持黨的領導人民當家作主和依法治國統一起來，不斷提高依法執政的能力必須立足全黨全國工作大局，堅定不移地貫徹黨的路線方針政策，善於結合實際創造性地開展工作，不斷提高總攬全局的能力。
  5. The systems, policies and laws to be instituted after the establishment of the hong kong special administrative region shall be based on the basic law of the hong kong special administrative region

    香港特別行政區基本法是根據中華人民共和國憲法按照香港的具體情況制定的，是符合憲法的。香港特別行政區設立后實行的制度政策和法律，以香港特別行政區基本法為依據。
  6. The first part is the preface, analyzing the writing background and the practical meaning. the second part begins with the concept of mortgage, then leads to the legal system of outward bill on l / c, analyzing the legal features of outward bill on l / c, the author holds outward bill on l / c one kind of financing action, and it can be explained that the exporter signs the general letter of hypothecation with domestic bank as hypothecation according to the integrated documents according with the demands of l / c. then the bank pays for exporter the l / c fund to a certain proportion according to the general letter of hypothecation

    第一章是論文的前言部分，分析了論文的寫作背景及其現實意義;第二章主要是從押匯這一概念引申出信用證出口押匯的法律制度，對信用證出口押匯的法律特徵進行了分析，認為出口押匯是出口商憑符合信用證規定的全套單據作為質押，與出口商所在地的銀行簽訂《出口押匯總質押書》 ，銀行依該協議，按信用證款項的一定比例為出口商墊付貨款的一種融資行為。
  7. For example : since there are too many ruling departments and without a united procedure, it ' s hardly to provide safety guarantee for trading activities ; there is an overlapping risk on the object in a real estate mortgage guarantee case ; the character of the underlying indemnity right of a building - project constructor remains uncertain, and also there is no regulation on a possible effect collision between real estate mortgage guarantee and in - building house mortgage ; there is still no legal clause on the point that whether it is possible for a rural villager " house to become the object of mortgage guarantee

    諸如，不動產抵押登記的管轄部門過多，程序不統一，難以保障交易安全；不動產抵押標的物有重合風險；建築工程承包人優先受償權的性質不明，且與在建房屋抵押權的效力沖突未規定；農村村民的房屋是否可以設定抵押權立法不明等。第三部分：對我國有關不動產抵押的幾個主要問題，包括設定抵押權的私房買賣中的權利限制、樓花按揭、城市房地產抵押的法律分析、不動產抵押權與租賃權的沖突與協調作了分析和探討。
  8. Article 50 where a bill introduced to the national people ' s congress and its standing committee has been voted on by the plenary session and fails to pass, if the bill sponsor deems it necessary to enact such legislation, he may re - introduce it in accordance with legally prescribed procedures, and the presidium or the chairman ' s committee shall decide whether it shall be put on the agenda ; specifically, if a bill fails to be adopted by the national people ' s congress, it shall be re - introduced to the national people ' s congress for deliberation and decision

    第五十條交付全國人民代表大會及其常務委員會全體會議表決未獲得通過的法律案，如果提案人認為必須制定該法律，可以按照法律規定的程序重新提出，由主席團、委員長會議決定是否列入會議議程；其中，未獲得全國人民代表大會通過的法律案，應當提請全國人民代表大會審議決定。
  9. Regional legislation refers to the regional legislative department ' s actions of constitution, amendment and abolishment, which follow the prescriptions of the constitution and the national laws, and are based on the characteristics of the local politics, economy and culture

    地方立法是指有立法權的地方國家機關，按照憲法和法律的規定，根據本地區的政治、經濟、文化生活的特點，制定、修改、廢止地方性法規和政府規章的活動。
  10. Handling affairs with the modern economic law and the market regulation, firstly, we must expand the market and increase the service quantity, on the other hand, according to the development trends of the market, we should do the right forecast to the carrying capacity of guest roll conveyance, establish the layout project and the development countermeasure

    這就要求港口客滾業必須全面走向市場，按照市場規律和現代經濟法則辦事，一方面要拓展市場，不斷提高服務質量；另一方面也要按照市場發展的走勢，正確地做出客滾運量預測，制定規劃布局方案和發展對策。
  11. Deposit insurance law system refers to the special legal system which protects depositors through the way of financial aid or paying for loss insurance, and accordingly obtains the right of subrogation to ensure its discharge capacity when the financial institution dealing with deposit business, which has paid deposit insurance premium to a specific deposit insurance institution according to a certain rate, is confronted with payment crisis, bankruptcy or other operation crisis. as the major participator in financial industry, bank is the core of modern finance

    存款保險法律制度是指由經營存款業務的金融機構依法按照一定比例向特定的存款保險機構繳納存款保險費，當投保金融機構出現支付危機、破產倒閉或者其他經營危機時，由特定的存款保險機構通過資金援助、賠付保險金給予補償並取得代位求償權保證其清償能力，保護存款人利益的一種特殊的法律制度。
  12. Nevertheless, in reality, the quality of the functioning is decided by people ' s different value judgments. in the light of the function ancl the change regularity of property rights, the above characteristics of property rights enabl e people to optimize the function and achieve anticipated goals according to certain value standard, by way of adjusting property rights structure and changing its pattern. moreover, as a general introduction of theories of system changes, it is generalized that the causality of the changes is the external profit which is not available under the existing system ; the prerequisite for the occurrence of change is the shifting of the system from balanced situation to unbalanced

    產權功能的上述特點使人們可以依據產權的功能和變動規律，在一定的范圍內通過調整產權結構，改變產權的格局來優化產權的功能，按照一定的價值標準來實現預期的目標；另一方面，作為對制度變遷理論的一般論述，闡明了：制度變遷的誘致因素是在以已有制度安排中無法取得的外部利潤；制度變遷發生的必要前提是制度由均衡狀態到非均衡狀態的轉變；只有當新制度的社會潛在凈效益大於原有制度的社會凈效益、新制度的潛在個別凈效益也大於原有制度的個別凈效益時，才能實現制度需求與制度供給的均衡狀態，制度變遷的過程才會得以完成。
  13. And there is no substitute for wto s authority in resolving disputes which commands the respect of all member nations. if we expect public support for the wto. we ve got to get out of denial of what s happening now

    若總統對某國或地區作出不予認證的決定，按法律規定，美國政府應刪除所有對其的援助，但特定類別的人道及反毒援助不在此限，並應終止根據武器外銷管制法出售的武器與融資。
  14. About system of supervision organizations, on the basis of dialectical law of regulation - - - innovation - - - regulation, function - based financial supervision system should be built up and the national financial supervision bureau should be set up to regulate financial trade uniformly and solve the problem of supervising financial innovations. what " more, we should build up such a cubical financial supervision organization system that integrate the financial authority " supervision with financial trade self - discipline, social supervision and discipline of inner financial institutions. at the same time, we should organically integrate stability and flexibility of financial supervision law, change legal system of financial supervision in line with provisions of wto

    在立法價值取向上，應當重視金融監管法的效率價值，以維護金融秩序作為基本價值目標，在具體操作上重點突出促進金融業公平競爭、提升金融運行效率兩個價值目標，並保持各目標之間的平衡與協調；在監管體制上，根據「監管? ?創新? ?再監管」的辯證規律，建立功能型金融監管體制，成立銀行業監督管理委員會，組建國家金融監管局對金融業實行統一監管，妥善解決混業經營模式下金融創新的監管問題，形成國家管理機關監管、行業自律、金融機構自律和社會監督相結合的立體的金融監管組織體系；在監管法律體繫上，應有機結合金融監管法的穩定性和靈活性，按wto的要求變革金融監管法律制度，修改《商業銀行法》 、 《保險法》 、 《證券法》及其他不適應混業經營的法律、法規，建立健全有關金融控股公司、網路銀行等方面的法律、法規。
  15. We would also like to thank clifford chance for preparing the chinese translation, and the law drafting division of the department of justice for reviewing that

    另外也要感謝高偉紳律師行，制定按揭文件的中文譯本，以及律政署的法律草擬組為中文譯本進行審議。
  16. The article, which is divided into three chapters, analyzes the legislative way of the system of picking up lost property in china by studying on the legislation status, social background and economic rootstock about lost property in different periods of all over the world. the first chapter not only expounds the object, main body and characters of lost property, but also compares all kinds of standpoints, and points out their advantages and disadvantages. in this way, the author makes the scope of application of this system become clearly

    本文運用比較、分析及實證的方法，對現代各國及地區有關遺失物拾得的法律制度按遺失物拾得法律關系產生、發展的空間邏輯順序進行了分類介紹，總結其成功的經驗，評述其對我國立法的借鑒意義，並結合我國遺失物拾得立法現狀及《中國物權法（草案） 》中的相關規定闡述應如何在我國物權法中對遺失物拾得制度進行立法。
  17. All disputes, controversies or differences which may arise between the parties out of or in relation to or in connection which this contract or for the breach thereof shall be finally settled by arbitration in seoul, korea in accordance with the commercial arbitration board and under the law of korea

    一切可能出現的爭端，分歧或爭議，由當事人或者有關這方面還是合同或違約時，應最後在韓國漢城按照韓國商業仲裁委員會所制定的仲裁規則和韓國法律通過仲裁進行解決。
  18. Cloning is just like a double - sided sword - it may bring great benefit for the humans and grave disaster as well. to avoid the abuse of cloning and stop the related experiment, the following countermeasures must be immediately taken : ( 1 ) strengthen the moral discipline on science and technology, ( 2 ) strengthen the regulation and control taken by various governments and organizations, ( 3 ) strengthen the supervision of public opinion, ( 4 ) popularize the inculcation of bioethics. it can be concluded that only the means of administration, law, morality, public opinion and inculcation be taken, can the dissimilation of the technology of cloning be avoided and the healthy development of cloning toward the direction of benefiting humans be ensured

    在社會主義市場經濟條件下，實現教育公平的基本措施主要有：大力發展生產力，為實現教育公平的奠定堅實物質基礎；加強政策引導，通過實施義務教育均衡發展的政策，改革高考招生錄取政策，調整教育評價政策，促進教育公平；完善社會主義教育法，給教育公平提供法律保障，即通過加強教育立法工作、調整與教育公平發展不相適應的法律法規，嚴格按法律保障教育公平：深化體制改革，通過改革辦學模式、改革教育投資體制、改革教育管理體制來推動教育公平的發展；通過利益補償以縮小教育的不平等，要對貧困落後地區教育發展實行扶助和傾斜政策，推進薄弱學校改造工程和加大扶貧幫困力度，以促進教育公平的實現。
  19. Further, in light of the mathematic functions among price, efficiency and equity, the effects / impacts of water pricing methodologies on efficiency and equity in water resources reallocation have been analyzed, the results are that different pricing methods have distinguish impacts on efficiency for water resources uses while they have few impacts on equity for incomes due to reallocation of water resources. fourthly, because the regional water resources have some features of river basin, an integrated water resources management ( iwrm ) has been suggested for the efficient management of regional water resources, where the basic criteria and intensions of iwrm have been analyzed. in order to the iwrm for regional water resources, the enabling environments, the institutional roles and the management instruments will be needed

    再根據交易中的水價與效率及公平性關系的數學模型，分析不同的水價制定方法對水資源再分配（水權交易）的效率與公平性影響，提出的不同的定價方法對水資源使用效率有顯著影響，而對公平性基本沒有影響；針對區域水資源具有流域特徵的實際情況，提出了區域水資源綜合管理（ iwrm ）的模式，分析了iwrm的基本原則和包含的內容，進行了為實施iwrm的關鍵措施和體制安排，要實現區域水資源的綜合管理就必須具有寬松的環境、充分發揮管理機構的作用和靈活運用先進的管理手段；根據區域水資源的特點和可持續利用原則，進行了區域張仁田:區域水資源可持續利用研究水資源開發利用戰略方針的研究，按照制定的19項戰略方針，對一特定的區域進行了不同水用戶水資源需水量的中、長期預測，其中包括生態環境需水量，並採用iqqm模型進行供需平衡分析，提出在工程設施保證、技術措施和體制及法律保障到位的情況下，遠期能夠實現供需平衡。
  20. For this sake, this essay focuses on the legal system in mortgage of property under construction. it examines the origin of the mechanism, illustrates the characters and feasible evaluation of premonitory registration of this system, and investigates into the problems about realization of rights and some common risks with clients concerning these risks of legal precautions, aimed at operating the mortgage business efficiently and smoothly, flourishing the financial market in estate, and developing the market economy healthily and stably. key words : mortgage of property under construction,

    基於此，筆者以樓花按揭法律制度為研究對象，對樓花及其按揭的淵源進行了考證，並對此制度的性質及其預告登記的效力定位進行了法律上的探討和評析;在此基礎上，還對樓花按揭制度中按揭權的實現問題以及令人關注的樓花按揭運作中各方當事人的常見風險作了深入的分析，並就其常見風險的法律防範和對策提出了自己的建議和設想，以期樓花按揭業務能有效、正常的運行，繁榮房地產金融市場，促進市場經濟健康、穩定和快速發展。
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