描述性人種學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [miáoshùxìngrénzhǒngxué]
描述性人種學 英文
descriptive ethnology
  • 描 : 動詞1. （照底樣畫） copy; depict; trace 2. （在原來顏色淡或需改正之處重復塗抹） retouch; touch up
  • 述 : Ⅰ動詞（陳說; 敘述） state; relate; narrate Ⅱ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 種 : 種名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 描述 : describe; represent
  1. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  2. This kind of classroom observation is based on the view of interpretivism. it emphases on interpreting the meaning behind the activities and the events. we mainly use descriptive systems, narrative systems and figure records and technological records to gather information

    定性課堂觀察基於解釋主義的方法論即現象學和人種學等理論，強調對課堂中行為和事件背後的模式和意義加詮釋，有四種主要的記錄方式：描述體系、敘述體系、圖式記錄和工藝學記錄。
  3. Based on the further analysis of the owen ' s discussion, it argues that his statement of nonfiction that characterize the chinese literary thought is a partially valid description of chinese reading tradition and should be understood critically from a perspective of reader ' s response

    然而實際上，他所謂的「非虛構」傳統主要是對中國古典文學中詩歌閱讀傳統的片面性描述，它概括了中國古人對詩歌意義的一種理解方式和傾向。
  4. Although the anthropological foundations for aesthetic experimental writing are diverse, they can be summed up as : ( 1 ) anthropology has dual goals, first describing the diverse social and cultural systems found among human species, and then attempting to discover regularities in this bewildering diversity ; ( 2 ) contemporary anthropological aesthetics provides the foundation for new aesthetics ; it is in itself a kind of experimental writing under the control of the cultural situations

    摘要美學實驗性寫作的人類學依據是各異的，但可以簡要地概括為： （ 1 ）人類學有一個雙重目標，首先是要描述那些分佈於各個人類種族中間的不同社會文化系統，然後又試圖去探索令人困惑的多樣性下所隱藏著的社會文化模式的規律性； （ 2 ）當代人類學美學為新美學提供了基礎，它本身就是一種受文化情境制約的實驗性寫作。
  5. In this paper, damped least - square method utilized to overcome kinematic singularity of robotic manipulators was improved, which achieved more accurate tracking compared to the traditional method. singular value decomposition ( svd ), to which was attached great importance in singularity - robust inverse kinematics and kinematic control of redundant manipulators, was investigated. also, an overwhelmingly utilized algorithm of svd was improved and some possible problems encountered in joint failure issues and redundant issues when using this algorithm was deeply discussed

    本文改進了解決機器人運動學奇異的阻尼最小二乘法，同傳統的阻尼最小二乘法相比具有更高的跟蹤精度;研究了在機器人奇異魯棒性逆運動學、機器人冗餘運動控制中佔有重要地位的矩陣奇異值分解，對一種應用廣泛的奇異值分解演算法做了改進，並對其在關節卡死和冗餘控制中可能遇到的問題做了較為深入的討論，系統地描述了一階運動學實現方案，為軌跡規劃打下了堅實的基礎。
  6. Today, a lot of application systems combine with gis, such as diagnosis expert system including the diagnosis the varies aspects of society, economy, and agriculture ; forecast expert system including the forecast of weather, hydrometeorology, population, geography, economy, military affairs, politics, etc ; decision supporting system including the aspect of engineering design, programming, consultation, management etc. the traditional gis system can only use mathematic method to describe and explain the confirmed programs but the power of making space decision and solving the uncertain programs are very weakly

    現在許多應用系統所涉及到的問題都與地理信息有關，例如：診斷專家系統中的社會、農業、經濟等方面的各種診斷和排錯系統；預測專家系統中的氣象、水文、人口、地理、經濟、軍事以及政治等方面的預測分析系統；工程設計、規劃、咨詢和管理決策等方面的專家系統，都離不開地理信息的支持。但是，傳統的地理信息系統（ gis ）解決問題的方法和模式基本上都是以數學方法為基礎建立的，所能解決的有關地理問題也主要是那些能夠用數學方法描述和解釋的具有確定性解的問題，在解決空間規劃決策中有很大的不足。
  7. In this paper, i give a concise method on the modeling of the robot assembly cell, put forword a practical method on the reliability calculation of the system, deduced a dynamic equation of the scara robot and have made an analysis on it, finished the gear - reduction - servo - motor integrated transmission design and applied it on the robot joint, made a detail description on this device at the same time

    在本文中我提出了一種簡單易行的機器人裝配單元建模方法；詳細給出了單元可靠性分配計算的兩種方法；推導該scara機器人動力學顯方程，並運用它對系統進行相應的分析；設計出一種伺服電機? ?齒輪減速器一體化關節傳動裝置，同時給出相關的技術描述。
  8. Based on existing theories and researches, this thesis aims to explore the coherence among some prosocial behavior patterns ( helping, sharing, co - operation and modestly declination ). outline the trends of children ' s prosocial behavior, probe into the relationships among students " prosocial behavior, peer relationships, interpersonal trust, social desirability and self - esteem in the elementary and middle schools, so that it can give a psychological explanation on the cultivation and education of children ' s prosocial behavior

    本研究力圖在前人已有的研究基礎上，考察中小學生親社會行為中的幾種具體行為類型（助人、分享、合作、謙讓）之間是否具有一致性，描述中小學生親社會行為的發展趨勢，探究同伴關系、人際信任、社會期望及自尊等因素與中小學生的親社會行為之間的關系，以期為中小學生親社會行為的培養與教育提供心理學依據。
  9. This skill extends to depictions of things that anthropologists and archaeologists often find troublesome : equally faithful representations of domed objects, some of them in threes, others with legs or antennae

    這種描述事物的擴展性令人類學家和考古學家經常感到敕手：同樣地對半球形物體的可靠描繪，一些是三個一體，另一個是擁有腳或者天線。
  10. Later on, after elaborating the disadvantages of the old methods in detecting and recognizing moving objects, a series of corresponding approaches are proposed, such as grid scan, local tracking bug and dynamic window in object tracing to reduce the huge data needed to be processed, maximum and minimum for selecting a proper segmentation threshold and improved conversion from rgb model to hsv and so on to decrease the influence of inhomogeneous lighting and the color noise, a bilinear interpolation in each quadrant to eliminate the bad effect on the recognition precise because of the distortions of the camera. after that, much emphasis is given on application study in pattern recognition with a feed - forward neural network. both the basic bp algorithm and improved bp algorithm in the study process are described in detail, and the later is used to quicken convergence speed and improve validity of the network

    然後，分析和闡明了傳統的運動目標檢測方法的不足，並在此基礎上結合研究中的實際實驗環境，提出了一系列解決方法，包括針對降低龐大數據量而提出的網格掃描、局部「跟蟲」追蹤和動態窗口掃描等目標檢測方法，針對實驗環境中光照不均和顏色干擾提出基於人機交互的最大最小值閾值選取方法和引入改進的rgb模型到hsv模型的轉換方法，為消除圖像畸變對識別精度的惡劣影響而採用的通過控制點進行雙線性插值進行畸變校正的方法；緊接著，概述了神經網路的發展歷史和幾種常用神經網路模型的特點，重點研究了前饋型神經網路在模式識別中的應用問題，詳細闡述了基本的bp演算法和學習過程中bp演算法的改進，從而使網路收斂速度更快，解決問題更有效，並在此基礎上，設計了一個基於bp神經網路的運動目標識別系統，給出了實驗結果。
  11. The newcastle university researchers demonstrate in the first paper the procedure of coating the surface of a protein, such as an antibody, with an organic oil which is photocleavable, a process called “ cloaking ”

    紐卡斯爾大學的研究人員在第一篇論文中描述了包被蛋白程序的過程，如抗體，用一種具有光裂性的有機油包裹，這個過程叫做「隱匿」 。
  12. Given your personal background, describe an experience that illustrates what you would bring to the diversity in a college community, or an encounter that demonstrated the importance of diversity to you

    給出你的個人背景，描述一種能說明你可以給大學社區帶來多樣性的經驗，或一件可以展示多樣性對你極為重要的經歷。
  13. Control systems in modern automatic engineering are nonlinear, time - changed and indefinite. lt is difficult to model by traditional method, even sometime impossible. under these circumstances we should apply model identification to gain the approximate model of object for effective control, there are many models to be chosen, fuzzy model is one of them, it is put forward with the development of fuzzy control. fuzzy model has characteristics of general approximation and strong nonlinear, it is fit for describing complex, nonlinear systems. to avoid rules expansion when the number of input values are very big. in this paper we apply hierarchical fuzzy model to resolve this problem, we also illustrate it has general approximation to any nonlinear systems. genetic algorithm is a algorithm to help find the best parameters of process. lt has abilities of global optimizing and implicit parallel, it can be generally used for all applications. in our paper we use fuzzy model as predictive model and apply ga to identify fuzzy model ( including hierarchical fuzzy model ), we made experiments to nonlinear predictive systems and got very good results. the paper contains chapters as below : chapter 1 preface

    現代控制工程中的系統多表現為非線性、時變和不確定性，採用傳統的建模方法比較困難，或者根本無法實現，在這種情況下，要實現有效的控制，必須採用模型辨識的方法來獲取對象的近似模型，並加以控制，目前用於系統辨識的模型種類很多，模糊模型是其中的一種，它隨著模糊控制的發展而被人提出，模糊模型具有萬能逼近和強非線性的特點，比較適合於描述復雜非線性系統，為了解決模糊模型在輸入變量較多時規則數膨脹的問題，文中引入遞階型模糊模型，並引證這種結構的通用逼近特性。遺傳演算法是模擬自然界生物進化「優勝劣汰」原理的一種參數尋優演算法，它具有隱含并行性和全局最優化的能力，並且對尋優對象的要求比較低，在工程應用和科學研究中，得到了廣泛的應用，本文將遺傳演算法引入模糊模型的辨識，取得了很好的效果。
  14. It studies human, and research, describe and explain individual ' s specific form of mind, emotion and behavior, and integrate the interactive process between human and environment which contains biology, development, cognition, emotion, motive and society, then make a further explanation for the individual ' s realistic life

    它研究現實的人，探求、描述和解釋個人的思想、情緒及行為的獨特模式，並綜合諸多足以影響個人的各種與環境交互作用的過程，包括與生物學的、發展的、認知的、情緒的、動機的和社會的種種交互作用，進而對現實生活中的個人作整體性的解釋。
  15. The practicality significance, the function of clinical ecg data - information management system in scientific research, clinical medical treatment and medicine teaching, international actuality in this field are summarized firstly in this paper. then the all data - information in common use at cardiopathy was concisely described. they have the characteristic of integrated in others systems, such as electrocardiograph. this paper utilize this characteristic and development an ecg data - information management system using in virtual ecg analyzer. it will provide rich and multiform clinical information resource for individual include doc., nurse, patient, clinical department, medical treatment and health protection in all levels, so much as in business. secondly, an advanced instrument manufacture technology ? ? virtual instrument technology and virtual instrument baseon it were intrduced. the auther of the paper detailedly introduced the idea, development, progress, systemic structure, specialties of vi, compared it with traditional hardware - instrument and standed out superiorities of vi

    本文首先概述開發臨床心電圖數據信息管理系統的實用意義及其在醫學研究、臨床醫療、教學上的重要作用和目前該領域國際國內現狀，簡要描述了心血管疾病科常用的數據信息，它具有與其它系統（如心電圖記錄分析系統、超聲心動圖像系統等）集成的特點，本文即利用這一特點開發出用於虛擬式心電圖儀中的心電圖數據信息管理系統，為個人（醫生、護士、病員） 、臨床部門、各級醫療保健機構乃至商業活動提供豐富的臨床醫學信息資源。接著介紹了一種先進的儀器設計製造技術? ?虛擬儀器技術以及在此基礎上形成的虛擬式儀器，文章對虛擬儀器的概念、產生和發展、系統結構、特點做了較詳細的介紹並與傳統硬體化儀器作了對比，突出了虛擬式儀器的優越性。
  16. This dissertation analyzed the quantitative evaluation problem of lma and lf and inquired into the importance of axial testing resolution in the field of the wire rope defects quantitative evaluation. this dissertation put forward a novel method of the lf quantitative evaluation based on the radial basis function network

    武漢理工大學博士學位論文分析了鋼絲繩lm人和lf的定量描述問題，討論了軸向檢測解析度在缺陷定量分析中的重要性，提出了一種基於徑向基網路的局部缺陷定量逼近新方法。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書