損傷常數 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [sǔnshāngchángshǔ]
損傷常數
英文
damage constant-
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該保潔車有七大特點： 1 、該車外型設計美觀大方，操作簡單靈活，明凈小巧的駕駛室免除了環衛工人在雨雪等惡劣天氣作業時的煩惱； 2 、佳鹿電動保潔車變速箱是我公司的專利產品，特點是拉重貨，輕松爬坡而且省電，延長電瓶的使用壽命； 3 、佳鹿電動保潔車后橋雙輪制動，是我公司的專利產品，特點是結構簡單，操作方便，維修容易，制動性能好； 4 、佳鹿電動保潔車超低的垃圾箱符合人體工程學的高度，使環衛工人能輕松地裝卸，倒車時具有良好的視線，減少事故的發生，安全系數高； 5 、佳鹿電動保潔車採用先進的電動推桿作為自卸動力，減輕了環衛工人的勞動強度，特點是故障少功率大，免維護； 6 、佳鹿電動保潔車整車採用鋼化玻璃，前進倒車都有良好的視線，不易劃傷，保證環衛工人的安全； 7 、佳鹿電動保潔車外部採用鋼板，內部採用玻璃鋼內膽，外部特點：鉸鏈在鋼板上不易松動，經常自卸不變形，經得起碰撞，內部採用玻璃鋼內膽，不生銹、不腐蝕，磨損后內膽可以更換，維護成本低。In the current criteria, the principal parameters are given from linear elasticity analysis. the effects of cumulation in elasto - plastic working stage is hardly analysis. the stiffness calculation of current eccentric compression member is not specialy stipulated, with the result that the calculation of internal forces are crude
指出《規范》公式中的主要參數均基於線性（彈性工作階段）分析，對結構實際工作階段（包括彈塑性、塑性工作階段）由於損傷累積而引起結構性能的變化涉及較少，對常見的偏壓構件的剛度計算也未作專門規定，這使得以往內力計算較為粗糙。That calculate damage accumulation, generally, is a function of stress/strain, temperature, and the current damage fraction.
通常損傷累積是應力應變、溫度和當前損傷率的函數。Ion objective : to investigate effect of nd : yag laser irradiating root canals on periapical tissue. methods : three minipigs were used in this study, deciduous premolars were opened, pulps were extracted, root canals were enlarged, then irradiated with nd : yag laser 30s and filled conventionally. the changes of periapical tissue were observed after 1, 3, 7 and 15 days. results : after one day, periapical tissue showed enlargement and engorgement of blood vessel and a few of leukocyte, the changes were more serious than in control. after 3 and 7 days, there were minor reactions in periapical tissue and same as the control group. after 15 days, periapical membrance in most specimens was normal. slight inflammatory reaction was found in the test group as same as in control group. conclusion : there was little damage to periapical tissue with the laser irradiation
目的:觀察激光在根管內照射后對根尖周組織的作用.方法:選3隻小型豬，全麻下將乳前磨牙開髓、抽髓，根管擴大后，激光照射30秒，做常規根管充填.對照組為常規根管充填. 1天、 3天、 7天和15天後觀察根尖周組織的變化.結果:激光照射后1天，根周膜血管充血、輕度炎癥，對照組只有根尖周膜充血.激光組組織反應比對照組稍重.激光照射后3天和7天，少數病例根周組織有輕度的刺激與對照組的病理表現相近.激光照射后15天部分標本根周膜正常，部分標本有輕度炎癥反應，與對照組結果基本相似.結論:本激光照射條件對根尖周組織沒有明顯損傷作用，可供臨床應用時參考Usually yield function is introduced to describe the plastic deformation, however, a new damage function is proposed here to describe the additional deformation due to the damage of soil structure
塑性變形常用屈服函數描述，損傷變形則可以引入一種類似的損傷函數加以描述。Based on thermodynamics laws, inner - variable theory and analysis of conventional tn - axial tests data and breakage characteristics of loess, this paper proposed that the loess would produce elastic, plastic and nonreversible damage deformation during loading
從熱力學定律和內變量理論出發，在對常規三軸試驗數據和土樣的破壞特性分析的基礎上，認為土體在受力過程中將產生彈性變形、塑性變形和不可逆損傷變形。On the basis of the research by former people, the work of this paper includes several aspects as follow : throughout a great deal of experiment of the mechanics performance of 2d weave c / sic composite materials laminated plate, we simulated the nonlinear relationship between a and e in the tensile course ; and we inspected the original damages and the damages evolvement ; and we made the statistic analyses of the tensile strength. some important conclusions have been given in the paper
主要有以下幾個方面：在大量二維編織c sic復合材料力學常規性能的實驗基礎上得到了拉伸實驗中卸載點和卸載模量，卸載模量和加載斜率，加載斜率和應力等之間的關系，並在此基礎上得到了模擬同種材料拉伸曲線的非線性的應力?應變關系；配合我們的實驗過程進行初始損傷和缺陷的檢測以及實驗過程中材料損傷演化過程的動態無損檢測；對我們現有的二維編織c sic復合材料拉伸強度數據進行了分佈擬合。The relationship between resistance and fatigue damage has been studied and theoretical expressions have been obtained. based on the expressions and the data obtained from the fatigue experiment on 45 steel, a numerical model is deduced to estimate the fatigue accumulation of steel and pre - estimate the lifetime of steel. whether the resistivity changes or not, the theoretical calculation results is almost the same as the experiment results
在忽略電阻率變化和考慮電阻率變化的條件下，以針對最常見的45號鋼進行的高周疲勞試驗得到的結果為基礎，給出理論分析，建立了可以反映損傷累積和預測試件壽命的數值模型，並以此模型與前人所作的試驗進行比較，結果兩者吻合得很好。When comparing the electrical resistance with some other common damage parameters, the damage evolution law expressed by them is obtained. and the relationship between resistance and fatigue cycle numbers has been studied essentially
將電阻參量和其它一些常用損傷參量進行比較，得到其它參量表示的損傷演變規律，分析了電阻隨材料疲勞循環次數變化的本質。This kind of homogenization is very important to the investigation of concrete structures and numerical analysis of engineering. but it is difficult to use these models to study the complete failure process caused by the initiation, propagation and coalescence of cracks when subjected external loading
這種簡化對于研究混凝土工程結構及進行穩定性的數值分析是非常必要的，但是卻難于研究混凝土材料在外荷載作用下裂紋萌生、擴展及貫通而導致的由細觀層次到宏觀層次的損傷和斷裂過程。Interval estimates of simple step stress accelerated life testing for the power weibull model
分佈損傷失效率模型常應力下的參數估計( 2 ) because of t he variability of rock subjected to outside action, three new conceptions : postive damage basic damage and negative damage, are suggested, which can deal with the condition that rock density became large. ( 3 ) the present damage variables based on ct number mostly include ct average number of the rock without damage, which is difficult to measure, so a new damage variable, which includes the average ct number is proposed, on the other hand, strain equal theory is generalized because the one put foreword by lemaitre is not good enough to use. ( 4 ) a axial damage constitutive equation is proposed and testified. ( 5 ) with the circle times, the damage propagation laws of two different rocks, subjected to circle of freezing and thawing, are studied, and in the analysis process, traditional analysis method including average ct number and is used, some important conclusions are reached : inner damage of soft rock containing a large mount of apertures is largely propagating with the time increasement of circle, however, at the preliminary time, the hard rock containing a small mount of aperture is a little propagating, at late time, the influence become large ; ( 6 ) zone separation and statistics frequency put forward is used to analysized the three different damage propagation in the open circumstance, when they are subjected to the different circle times of freezing and thawing, in which the temperature variability is linear, different freezing rate, and different freezing temperature, and no water is supplied during the test
在研究過程中本文主要做了以下工作： （ 1 ）針對巖石損傷變化較小時，運用ct均值和方差分析不方便的缺陷，本文提出運用對ct數范圍劃分區段的方法，根據各區段統計頻率的變化規律來分析損傷擴展狀況； （ 2 ）針對巖石受到外部作用的多變性，本文提出了基準損傷，正損傷，負損傷的概念，在某種程度上考慮了巖石受到外部作用時的壓密情況； （ 3 ）現有的基於ct數的損傷變量大多需要用到巖石基體的ct均值，這實際上是很難觀測到的，因此本文建議了一個可運用巖石初始狀態ct均值的損傷變量，由於現有的勒邁特教授應變等價原理使用上的不便，本文在其基礎上進行了推廣； （ 4 ）建議了一個可用巖石初始狀態ct數和彈性模量的單軸損傷本構方程，並用算例進行了驗證； （ 5 ）對兩種不同巖石在開放環境下受到凍融循環作用且融化過程中補水時，內部損傷隨凍融循環次數增加的擴展規律進行了探討，主要運用了常規的ct均值和ct方差的分析方法進行分析，試驗發現：對于孔隙率和含水率較高，密度和強度較低的軟弱巖石，凍融循環次數對損傷結構的擴展有明顯的影響，而對于孔隙率和含水率較低，密度和強度較高的硬巖，凍融循環次數對其損傷結構擴展初期由於含水率低的原因，影響不是太大，而後期由於水補給后，含水率較高的原因，凍融影響逐漸增大； （ 6 ）運用了本文提出的區段劃分和統計頻率的方法，深入地分析了開放環境下的線性溫度變化的凍融循環次數，凍結溫度，凍結速度不同巖石作用時，其內部損傷隨凍融循環次數，凍結速度和凍結溫度變化的擴展規律，需要指出的是除了在試驗前飽水外，凍融過程中沒有補水。This kind of situation could make this information be taken out by those, who with their own selfish purposes, by only using several disks. managements usually neglect these invisible losses and this can cause huge implications and possible damages to the company
這樣的情形往往會造成公司的一些重要數據遭有心人，利用幾張磁盤片，即可將其帶走，這種無形的損失經常為管理人員所忽略，長久下來對公司將會造成莫大的影響與傷害。Only a few patients, especially those who have received large dosage of radiation at a time, may have some side effects, such as, headache, naupathia, vomit, fever and so on. it is mostly caused by damage of capillary vessel, edema or infection due to radiation. however, the side effects just lasts a short period of time and they can disappear more quickly with the assistant of medicines such as dehydrator
少數病人特別是接受單次較大劑量照射的病人可能會出現一些副反應，如照射后幾天內出現輕度頭痛惡心嘔吐發燒等，這多半是由照射引起的毛細血管損傷水腫和炎性反應，時間短暫，一般都可自行恢復正常，適當用一些藥物如脫水劑等治療，效果更佳。These conventional approaches cannot be selectively targeted to the tumor cells and completely eradicate them, this may account for the development of recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer due to the existence of residual tumor cells ; in addition, as to some kinds of conventional approaches, such as chemical therapy, their tumoricidal effects also could cause damage to some other normal tissues / cells and undermine the function of immune system in patients with gastric cancer
目前，臨床上的?些常規方法，包括外科手術的、化學的及物理的治療手段，對絕大多數中晚期胃癌的療效均不理想。其原因在於這些常規方法對癌細胞缺乏選擇性，並不能特異性地殺傷癌細胞，勢必造成殘存癌細胞引起的腫瘤復發和轉移。某些常規方法，如化療，在殺傷癌細胞的同時，也會造成機體正常組織的損傷並削弱機體的免疫機能。Taking ti alloy tc11 electron beam welded work - piece as research object, which is the conventional material of aero engine compressor blisc, the fatigue damage evolution law of fatigue damage action in the area of welded joint based on damage mechanics theory is analysed, and fatigue damage model, which macro - parameter and micro - damage characteristics are related, with fractal geometry - a new conception of modern mathematics is set up in this paper. it tries to research the measuring method of fatigue fracture fractal dimension and the relationship of fractal damage variable with fatigue life. it also sets up the welded joint fatigue damage fractal evolution equation
本課題以航空發動機壓氣機葉盤常用材料鈦合金（ tc11 ）電子束焊構件為研究對象，對焊接接頭的疲勞破壞行為，基於損傷力學理論分析其疲勞損傷演化規律，應用現代數學的新概念? ?分形幾何學理論，建立宏觀參量與細觀損傷特徵相聯系的疲勞損傷模型，研究疲勞斷口分維數測量方法以及分形損傷變量與疲勞壽命之間的關系，建立焊接接頭疲勞損傷分形演化方程。分享友人