支出傾向 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhīchūqīngxiàng]
支出傾向 英文
propensity to spend
  • 支 : Ⅰ名詞1 （分支; 支派） branch; offshoot 2 （地支） the twelve earthly branches3 （姓氏） a surname...
  • 支出 : 1. （付出去） pay; expend; disburse 2. （支付的款項） expenses; expenditure; outlay; disbursement
  1. The marginal propensity to import, in other words, is a "leakage" from the expenditure stream.

    換言之，邊際進口傾向是支出流量中的一個「漏出量」。
  2. The primary causes of the regime shortage are the state monopoly and the state control over the education. the primary cause of the structure shortage is that the budgetary appropriations are not in favor of the compulsory education and the underdeveloped district. then this article puts forward some suggestion to alleviant these kinds of educational shortage : to raise the repay of human capital ; to initiate a system of public financial regulation ; to increase the government appropriation for education ; to relax the state control over education ; to improve the form of the financial transference expenditure, and so on

    總量性短缺的成因主要是我國人口多、經濟發展水平低，教育投資資本邊際效率遞減趨勢、教育投資預期收益相對偏低等；財政性短缺的主要成因是在國家加快推進工業化特別是優先發展重工業的戰略下，政府財政支出的重點必然傾向物質生產部門，而近二十年的財政制度創新都因利益格局的剛性只能作有限突破等；體制性短缺的成因主要是政府壟斷阻礙各類要素往教育領域的流入等；結構性短缺的成因主要是分級分權撥款體制無法保證教育投資的公平等。
  3. In the positive analysis, the paper, firstly using the 1978 and 2001 data in ( time order ) and analyzing the total consumption and its structural characters of rural residents in liaoning province, including the basic tendency and structural change of rural their consumption, came to the conclusion that since the reform and opening up, the total consumption level of rural residents has been promoted and their consumption structure has been improved in liaoning ; secondly, using 2001 sectional data, econometrically analyzed the peasants " consumption structure by employing the by which in the analysis the author makes the assumptions as follows : all the consumers have the identical marginal budget share or the identical marginal propensity to consume when consuming certain goods

    本論文首先利用1978 ? ? 2001年的時序資料分析了遼寧省農民消費的總量狀況和結構特徵，包括農民消費的基本走勢及農民消費結構的變遷。得出：改革開放以來，遼寧省農民總體消費水平有了一定程度的提高，農民消費結構不斷改善；其次選擇2001年截面資料對遼寧省農民消費結構進行了計量分析，在這部分分析中，選用的模型是擴展的線性支出系統模型（簡稱eles模型） ，但採用擴展的線性支出系統模型進行分析和預測消費傾向中，暗含著如下假定： 「對某類消費品的邊際預算份額或邊際消費傾向，所有消費者都是相同的。 」
  4. Therefore, the paper expanded eles, namely, turned the above assumption into the following : all the consumers in the same income level have the identical marginal budget share or the identical marginal propensity to consume when consuming certain goods, but consumers in different income level have not and the paper, by defining and introducing the nominal variable of income level - a variable of the marginal propensity to consume only resulting from the change of consumers " ( rural residents ) income level, with which the standard income level was compared, adopted to expand again the extended eles model, exploited the surveying household data in 2001 by liaoning statistics bureau, caculated ( 1 ) the marginal propensity to consume, real expenditure structure, real propensity to consume and marginal budget share of main consumer goods of rural residents in different income levels ; ( 2 ) the proportion of the basic demand quantity, the basic demand structure, the basic demand of main consumer goods in real expenditure of livelihood consumption ; ( 3 ) the income elasticity of demand, the expenditure elasticity of consumption, the price elasticity of demand and the cross price elasticity of demand of main consumer goods ; finally, came the following conclusions : 1

    故本論文採用對擴展的線性支出系統進行再擴展，即將上述假定改為： 「對某類消費品的邊際預算份額或邊際消費傾向，對于同一收入等級的所有消費者均相同，但對于不同收入等級的消費者則有可能不同。 」並通過定義和在模型中引入收入等級虛變量，藉以代表與基準的收入等級相比，消費者（農民）僅僅由於其所處的收入等級變化所導致的邊際消費傾向的變化量。本論文採用對擴展的eles模型的再擴展，利用遼寧省統計局農調總隊的2001年農村住戶調查分戶資料（共1890戶） ，計算了（ 1 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類型消費品的邊際消費傾向、實際支出結構、實際消費傾向、邊際預算份額； （ 2 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類型消費品的基本需求量、基本需求結構、基本需求占實際生活消費支出比重； （ 3 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類摘要型消費品的需求收入彈性、消費支出彈性、需求自價格彈性、需求的交叉價格彈性。
  5. This paper makes further research about problems of the present subject mcai instructional software in its process of design and making, mainly from the following three aspects : mcai instructional software appears later in china than in other countries with weak theory basis, so in theory there is still not a perfect system about design and making of mcai instructional software and in practice exists an incorrect tendency of paying more attention to practice than theory, performance than design, technology than effect. without systemic theory, mcai instructional software in china is lack of history power, results in scarcity of good instructional software

    本論文針對當前學科mcai教學軟體設計與製作中出現的問題展開了深入的研究，主要從以下三個方面進行了研究。首先我國的mcai起步較晚，理論基礎相對薄弱，至今仍然沒有一個完善的mcai教學軟體設計與製作的理論體系，在實際操作實踐中也確實存在著重實踐輕理論、重操作輕設計、重技術輕效果的錯誤傾向。由於缺乏系統理論的支撐，我國的mcai教學軟體缺少了歷史的厚重感，也致使真正優秀的教學軟體稀少。
  6. The main reasons of china ' s low household consumption rate for a long time are that : the too - high rate of investment directly leads to the low final consumption rate and extends to the low household consumption rate ; the overall low level of residents " income obstacles the final consumption expenditure and income - gap influence the consumption ratio ; the instabilities of the income anticipation is becoming stronger and the expenditure anticipation is increasing

    我國居民消費率長期偏低的主要原因有：投資率過高直接導致最終消費率偏低，從而使居民消費率偏低；居民整體收入水平不高，收入差距過大影響居民消費傾向；收入預期的不確定性增強，支出預期的增加，商品的供給結構不合理，消費環境中還存在諸多問題等。
  7. You get to be the voice of reality now. a friend who ' s often quite analytical has a current tendency toward fantasy and overspending

    現在你得實話實說。 y個十分擅於分析的朋友正出現愛幻想及超支的傾向。
  8. He drew his left foot out of the stirrup, and with a lurch of his whole person, frowning with the effort, brought it up to the saddle, leaned on his knee, and with a groan let himself drop into the arms of the cossacks and adjutants, who stood ready to support him

    他從馬鐙里抽出左腳，然後向前傾著整個身子，吃力得皺起了眉頭，左腳使勁邁過馬鞍，又用臂肘支撐著膝蓋，哼哧了一聲，整個人就歪倒在準備扶他的哥薩克們和副官們的手臂上。
  9. It can be essentially reduced to two factors, one is internal factor, it has great pertinence with the economic system ; and the other is exterior factor, it ’ s about the operation of the government procurement

    這就致使改革更傾向于漸進地發生，但公共支出的壓力要求政府采購制度的盡快實施，這樣，沖突是難免的。
  10. The marginal propensity to import, in other words, is a " leakage " from the expenditure stream

    換言之，邊際進口傾向是支出流量中的一個「漏出量」 。
  11. Industrial countries tend to support domestic production and thereby inhibit imports and encourage exports.

    工業國則傾向于支持國內生產，從而阻止進口和鼓勵出口。
  12. In this part, the author points that the consumption level of rural households is increased, and finds it belong to a consumption model of hysteresis compared with national economic growth, with the development of economy, this kind of model should change to a consumption model of synchronism. the consumption composition of rural households in jiangxi province changes obviously from the profiling, however it also shows great differences from the transverse section. these differences are : ( 1 ) the consumption of rural households gap between different income group is larger ; ( 2 ) the difference on households facilities, foods, transportation and communication is larger between urban and rural households ; ( 3 ) the consumption level and composition difference is smaller among rural households, who live separately in plain, hill, and mountain areas ; ( 4 ) the average propensity to consumer of 4 - 6 - person size families is higher among other size families ; ( 5 ) the consumption level and composition of rural households in zhejiang province is higher, compared with rural households in jiangxi province

    江西農村居民的消費結構從縱向上考察，明顯改善，而從橫向上進行考察，發現其差異較大，主要表現在：第一，不同收入組的農村居民在消費結構上的差距正在顯著擴大，但是最高與最低收入組的居民在家庭設備用品及服務消費支出上的差異並不像其它類商品那樣明顯；第二，城鄉居民對家庭設備用品及服務類、食品類、交通通訊類的消費差異較大；第三，平原、丘陵、山區不同地區的農村居民在消費水平與結構方面的差異很小；第四，不同家庭規模中， 4 - 6人家庭規模農村居民的平均消費傾向高，在許多消費品上表現出較高的消費水平；第五，與浙江比較，浙江農村居民在消費水平與結構上明顯高於江西，但在文教娛樂用品及服務方面的消費支出上，江西農村居民明顯大於浙江，反映出江西農村居民在此類消費上的負擔較重。
  13. With the help of this program, this paper does research on the moved backwards of the slide surface, lengthening the anchor section, the soil nail ' s total force, gets conclusion about relations between the soil nail ' s length and the slope ' s grade, height, soil ' s mechanical parameter ; relations between soil nail ' s total force and coulomb soil pressure. with the help of the large multiuse finite element program ansys, this paper analyzes the soil nailing in one - step ' s slopes, in two - steps " slopes, puts the emphasis on the axis force ' s distributing along the soil nail at each rows, the effect of both the excavating mode and the original slope figure to the axis force of the soil nail, the one another effect between the upper - step slope and the nether - step slope in the soil nail ' s axis force, gets conclusion about the design of soil nail at the first low, different slope body is the same with different excavating mode, the original slope figure has more effect to some than others because of the slope body, the reasonably design of the step width in two - steps slopes, the two - steps excavating and retaining has more virtue than the one - step ' s. through soil pressure analysis this paper does research on the differences and the links between the coulomb soil pressure theory and the rankin ' s, the vertical pressure at the slope surface when the slope surface is inclined and the retaining wall is rough, the soil pressure ' s distributing behind the panel, gets conclusion about the effect of both the slope body inner stability and the slope surface local stability to the soil pressure

    通過分析比較，論證了對數螺旋線型比圓弧形作為邊坡的假設滑裂面具有較多的工程優點，並為此編制了一個採用極限平衡法分析土釘支護的fortran語言程序，以此作工具對滑裂面的后移、土釘錨固段的超長、土釘總力的大小等方面作了研究，得出了有關土釘的長度與邊坡的坡角、坡高、土體力學參數的關系、土釘總力與庫侖土壓力間的關系等結論；採用大型通用有限元數值分析程序ansys分別對採用土釘支護的一階邊坡、二階邊坡進行分析，重點是研究各排土釘的軸力分佈規律、開挖方式及原始邊坡形態對土釘的軸力的影響、上下階邊坡在土釘軸力方面的相互作用，得出了有關第一排土釘的設計問題、不同類型的土體應適用於特定的開挖方式、原始開挖出的邊坡形態對一些類型坡體的邊坡土釘支護有較大的影響而對另外一些影響不大、二階邊坡臺階寬度的合理確定、二階開挖及支護比一階時具有較多的工程優點等結論；通過土壓力分析對朗肯、庫侖兩種經典土壓力理論的區別與聯系、坡面傾斜及墻背有摩擦時的坡面豎向應力分佈、面板背土壓力的分佈形態作了研究，得出了邊坡支擋土壓力受坡體內部穩定與坡面局部穩定兩個方面的影響、土釘支護面板背土體中卸荷拱的存在對面板受力有利等結論。
  14. ( 3 ) in the third part, we use eles to analysis quantities relation among our provincial town and village ' s consuming structure, especially conduct careful research on marginal consuming propensity, demanding price and basic living need. then we lodge current main problems of our provincial consuming structure

    （ 3 ）第三部分，我們採用擴展線性支出系統（ eles ）對我省城鄉居民消費結構之間的數量關系進行分析，特別是對邊際消費傾向、需求收入彈性、需求價格彈性和基本生活需求等方面做了仔細研究，並提出了目前我省消費結構存在主要問題。
  15. The essay dynamically reviews consumption level of countrymen and contrast analyses consumption tendency of city and countryside. moreover, the essay analyses consumption frame alteration degree to review change of countrymen consumption expend frame

    然後本文對農民消費水平進行動態考察，對城鄉消費傾向、消費水平作對比分析，通過考察農民消費支出結構的變化，分析消費結構變動度。
  16. The essay uses expand linearity expend system by microcosmic view to analyze basic consumption proportion, bounds consumption tendency, income flexibility of kinds of consumption expend. with this condition, the essay analyses all kinds of life consumption current of countrymen

    並從微觀角度，利用擴展的線性支出系統，進行一元線性回歸，從基本消費需求比重、邊際消費傾向、收入彈性等角度對各項消費支出做了具體分析，在此基礎上，分析了農村居民的各項生活消費需求的趨勢。
  17. During the design, for the inheritance of current technology and for consideration of compatible hardware platform, this research is prone to utilize much mature and universal technologies and protocols in the choice of bottom hardware technology, in order to enable wearable computer to obtain more functional support to improve the universalism, wearability and reliability

    在設計過程中，出於對已有技術的繼承，以及兼容各種現有的硬體平臺考慮，本研究在硬體底層技術的選擇上，傾向于使用較為成熟和通用的技術和協議，從而使得可穿戴計算機能夠從目前的計算技術中獲得更多的功能性支持，以改善其通用性、可穿戴性和可靠性。
  18. Mr kostunica ' s party is not offering a candidate, neither is it backing mr tadic ; many of the prime minister ' s supporters may rather vote for mr nikolic in the second round

    科斯圖尼察所在的黨派並沒有推出自己的候選人，他也沒有明確表示支持塔迪奇，而許多他的支持者更傾向于在第二輪把票投給尼克利奇。
  19. Social capital has become a common notion in social sciences, as sociology, economics, politics and anthropology, etc. it is a reflection of comprehensiveness and relation orientation of contemporary sociological theory. so social capital concept and theory is suitable for the study of chinese society, which has been regarded as the characteristic of relationship and ethic orientation. chapter two reviews the studies on social capital theories in following aspects : origin and revolution of social capital concept, traits and functions, research fields, operation mechanism and measurement of social capital

    第二章從社會資本的概念、特徵、研究領域、功能、運行機制及其測量等方面對社會資本理論作了較為詳盡和系統的述評，並簡要評述了社會資本理論研究中存在的主要問題：首先，對社會資本的定義過于狹隘；其次，許多研究聚焦于社會資本的經濟功能，而對于其社會支持和社會穩定功能及其自身的目的性重視不夠；第三，許多研究在方法論上表現出過于追求定量分析的傾向。
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