支點效應 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhīdiǎnxiàoyīng]
支點效應 英文
fulcra effect
  • 支 : Ⅰ名詞1 （分支; 支派） branch; offshoot 2 （地支） the twelve earthly branches3 （姓氏） a surname...
  • 點 : Ⅰ名詞1 （液體的小滴） drop （of liquid） 2 （細小的痕跡） spot; dot; speck 3 （漢字的筆畫「、」）...
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 應 : 應動詞1 （回答） answer; respond to; echo 2 （滿足要求） comply with; grant 3 （順應; 適應） suit...
  • 效應 : [物理學] effect; action; influence
  1. Fist of all, on the basis of the research of agone boffins, this author investigates the interaction mechanism of bolts and rock, and introduces the elastic ? lastic analytical resolution which is consist of the liner structure, the equivalent reinforced wall rock and the original wall rock in the simple loading from the equivalent well - proportioned view ; this solution is very important meaning for the engineering design. on the basis of coulomb friction model, the author introduces the finite element equation of the contact problem in order to provide the academic foundation for the application of msc. marc. finally, combining the engineering practice of the non - linear analysis of shield tunnel through yellow river of the south - north water transfer and using the model of friction, the author researched the evolution law of stress and displacement field in the structure of grouted rock bolts, and analyzed the effect to the stress and deformation of surrounding rock mass due to anchor supports

    首先，在前人研究成果的基礎上，對錨桿與圍巖的相互作用機理進行研究，利用全長錨固錨桿的中性點理論，從等效均化的角度來考慮錨桿對圍巖的加固作用，並推導了在簡單荷載作用下，含有襯砌、等效加固后的圍巖、原始圍巖三者的彈塑性解析解，對工程設計有著重要的參考意義；在數值模擬方面，以考慮錨固圍巖滿足規則化庫侖摩擦模型為基礎，利用虛功原理推導了接觸問題的有限元方程的計算格式，為開發運用大型商用有限元軟體msc . marc提供了理論根據，也形成了本文的理論基礎：最後，論文以南水北調東線穿黃隧洞穩定性分析項目為工程實例，利用本文所述的接觸問題的摩擦模型理論，對錨桿支護結構的應力場、位移場的變化規律進行了研究，分析了加錨支護對隧洞圍巖應力、變形的影響。
  2. Nowadays convention exhibition industry ( hereby called cei ) has been recognized as a corbel industry in most cities of china, owing to its strong domino effect which often affects in the area of society, economy and culture

    由於會展業具有較強的社會、經濟、文化效應，當前我國許多城市發展會展業的熱情空前高漲，許多城市將會展業作為地方的一項支柱產業或重點產業來發展，但目前我國城市會展業的發展中還存在一些問題，如重復辦展、管理混亂、定位盲目等。
  3. This effect is due to the high radial compression produced by the external forces acting at the supports.

    此種效應是由於作用在支點的外力所產生的高度徑向壓縮而引起的。
  4. This new practice base should promote the common understanding, encourage the dialogues among those who make inquiries in different fields of knowledge and act on different branches of modern philosophical research, generate new ideas backed by their individual intellectual backgrounds, construct the new system for modorn philosophy, creat a bridge between in subject and practice, so that made modern phicosophy play an important role in times, life and future

    這既彰顯了哲學全方位的社會效應，使之獲得了多點支撐，激活了其固有的生命力和創造力，又強調了哲學研究的個體化特徵，為實現多元異質的個體化學術視域的內在融通提供了一個公共性學術平臺，同時也發揮了哲學對傳統理路多種頑癥的綜合性治療功能，開通了一種跨學科、重實驗、能兼容的哲學走廊，使之真正贏得並見重於時代、生活與未來。
  5. In the course of removing the debts owned by township governments, it is favorable to solve the debts problem successfully and reduce the cost, by using institution transference ' s theory as a reference, bringing the path ' s orientation effect of institution transference into play thoroughly, taking advantages of central and provincial governments in institution supply, utilizing the means such as transferring payments, arousing the enthusiasm of interests subject at the basic level, from one point to the whole area, carrying it forward stage by stage

    在化解鄉鎮政府債務過程中，借鑒前期改革經驗，充分發揮制度變遷的路徑依賴效應，發揮制度供給優勢，利用轉移支付等手段，調動基層利益主體的積極性，由點到面，逐級推進，有利於在成功解決鄉鎮政府債務問題的同時降低化解成本。
  6. Mainly it is the status, time, people, and means of audit and so on. then it describes the general information and the character of the public finance audit in the usa, britain, and japan, and its goodness reference to our country. finally, study on adapting to the government budget reformation and the innovation of the public finance audit, and draw an conclusion that we should put the emphasis on adjusting the direction and get on well with the seven relations, improve the meanings of the audit, strengthen the budget ’ s execution and explore the audit on the efficient of the public finance expense

    本文從財政審計的概述入手，首先闡述了財政審計的涵義和構成;其次分析了政府預算的規范模式，展現了1979 - 1998年間我國國家預算制度的變化和1998年以來政府預算制度的改革;再次在以上分析的基礎上研究財政審計不適應預算改革的若干方面，主要是審計地位、審計時間、審計人員、審計方法等方面;接著擺出了美、英、日三國財政審計的概況和特點和對我國的借鑒意義;最後探討了如何適應政府預算改革深化財政審計，主要是調整財政審計改革的方向、處理好七種關系、改進財政審計方法、深化預算執行審計和積極探索財政收支績效審計。
  7. Subsidized by the national natural science foundation of china, " tenth five - year " plan of hubei province and so on, this dissertation systematically discussed the author ' s researches on synthesis and deformation of ni / al and ti / al system intermetallic compound

    本文在國家自然科學基金、湖北省「十五」重點攻關計劃等基金支持下，系統地論述了作者在ni al系和ti al系金屬間化合物合成與成形的電脈沖效應方面研究成果。
  8. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  9. Considering the characteristics of internal force and structures of simply supported pc bridges, a novel automatically step - up method ( asum ), taking into account the influence of steel arrangement, steel ratio, stress losses of tendons and time - dependent concrete modulus, to analyze creep and shrinkage effects is presented. this method accepts all kinds of expressions of creep and shrinkage, and it is easy to calculate total stress, strain of concrete and steel and deflection of bridge at any time, the expected prediction accuracy will be obtained by further dividing the time - step within duration

    首先，針對預應力混凝土簡支梁橋的受力特徵和構造特點，提出了徐變效應分析的全量形式自動遞進法，可考慮截面上鋼筋位置、配筋率、預應力鋼筋鬆弛、混凝土彈性模量隨時間變化等影響，且計算式可適用於任何形式的收縮、徐變特性表達式；建立的公式可方便地求解任意時刻混凝土、鋼筋的應力與應變和跨中梁體的豎向變形，計算精度可方便地通過計算時段的細分來控制，直至給出滿意的結果。
  10. Upstream channels cover in 5 65mhz, which is a part of the bandwidth of high frequency （ hf ） and very high frequency （ vhf ）. it is liable to incur noises ingress onto the band. since hfc system has the tree - and - branch topology between the fiber - node and subscriber units, subscriber units belonging to one fiber - node share the same upstream channel, forming the " noise funneling " effect

    上行頻帶位於5 - 65mhz之間，這一頻帶為高頻（ hf ）和甚高頻（ vhf ）的一部分，此頻帶易受噪聲干擾；此外，由於從光節點到用戶端為樹型分支結構，同一光節點的多個用戶共享同一通道，形成了漏斗效應。
  11. To achieve focus, synergy and coordination among the research projects to be supported by the drs, research projects with specified themes would be solicited from time to time

    為了使設計研究計劃支援的研究項目能更具備清晰的重點，能產生協作效應和互相協調，我們將根據特定主題來徵求項目。
  12. The first part of this text recommends and explain the intension of the system of executive stock option with its key element, characteristic, current development, positive and negative effects, etc. which offering basic support for following analysis ; the second part, described the behavior of stock price and black - scholes option pricing model from the angle of quantitative analysis, and discuss the value factor of stock option with its encouragement, analyzed the change of every factor in black - scholes option pricing model impact on option worth ; then analyzed the leverage effects and manager ' s morals risk model of executive stock option, at last, considering the main defect existing in the system of executive stock option at present, that is : it depends on stock market unduly, and the stock option incomes of manager has no relationship with manager ' s achievement. this text bring forward the manager synthesizes achievement and appraises model

    本文的第一部分全面介紹和闡述了經理股票期權制度的內涵，構成要素，特點，發展情況和正負效應等，為後面的分析提供了基本支持；第二部分，從定量分析的角度出發描述了股票價格行為和black - scholes期權定價模型，並以此為理論基礎探討了股票期權的價值因素和激勵性，分析了black - scholes期權定價模型中各因素的變化對期權價值的影響；接著分析了經理股票期權的杠桿效應和經理人道德風險模型，最後，針對當前經理股票期權制度存在的主要缺陷即：過度依賴股票市場，經理的股票期權收入與公司的業績缺乏相關性這一問題提出了經理綜合業績評價模型。
  13. With the aggravation of global warming effect, in order to search for appropriate strategies to decrease the concentration of ghgs ( greenhouse gases ) in the atmosphere, research on carbon cycle and carbon budget of terrestrial ecosystems has been a hot topic in the field of global change

    隨著全球溫室效應的加劇，為探索降低大氣溫室氣體濃度的對策，陸地生態系統碳循環及碳收支研究成為當前全球變化研究的熱點問題。
  14. With the showing of industry ' s related effect and economic multiplier effect, more and more regions have selected and confirmed tourist industry as new growth engine or the pillar industry

    隨著產業關聯效應和經濟乘數效應的凸現，越來越多的地區將旅遊業確定為新的經濟增長點或支柱產業。
  15. In section four the thesis in details analyzes the reason of the " alteration " in curriculum implementation, mainly including three aspects of reason : firstly, the reasons of curriculum itself, that is value orientation formerly - designed curriculum, practicability and elasticity of curriculum plan ; secondly, influence come from the interior of education system, that is curriculum design, the difference between designer and implementor, the hinderance of linking up in the chain of main - body ; thirdly, influence come from external environment, that is traditional view from society, the support and policy which forms a complete set from the government, the regional feature of curriculum implementation and the development and changes of times and etc. in section five the thesis talks in details about how to promote to produce " construction " effect and how to restrain " impediment " effect

    第四部分，具體分析課程實施中「異變」出現的原因。主要包括預設課程的價值取向、課程計劃的可行性、課程計劃的彈性等課程本身的原因；教育系統內部課程規劃、設計者與課程實施者的異質性、課程實施過程中主體鏈溝通障礙也容易引起異變的產生、課程實施者的素質等方面的原因；外部環境社會傳統觀念的影響、政府部門的配套政策與支持、課程實施的地域特點、時代的發展變化等方面的原因。第五部分，具體探討在課程實施中如何採取相應的措施促進「異變」的建構效應的產生，抑制其阻礙效應的產生。
  16. Analyzing the research outcome of electric vehicles in the world, there are disadvantages still as following : one side, there are many places need to be consummated in the laws and policies of country supporting the electric vehicles, but local government is coming on interrelated prescript, looking from the whole country, there is no integer domino effect and the uniting industry standard. the other side, though the technology of electric vehicles is developing, there are many difficult problems, and the distance exists in the technology between our country and the advanced country in comparison, and the pivotal point is that many companies did not grasp the meaning of the technical innovation in deed and did not attach enough importance to it, the strategy of technical innovation is not be carried out commendably

    綜合國內外對電動汽車的研究成果，尚存在以下不足：一方面，國家對電動汽車發展的支持法規和政策還存在許多要完善的地方，而且地方政府也都在出臺各種不一致的法規，進而從全國整體來看，沒有整體效應，沒有統一行業標準；另一方面，電動汽車的技術雖然正在發展，但難題還是存在不少，我國的技術和國外相比還是存在差距，關鍵的一點就是對技術創新的內涵沒有真正領會，技術創新戰略沒有得到很好的實施，許多企業對此不重視。
  17. According to construction features of three - span prestressed concrete and continuous rigid frame box with v pier bridge, the paper demonstrates the shell finite element theories, c onstruct the spatial model, and researches its spatial stress and variable regularity under different loads including uniform load, concentrated load and prestressing force wire. morever, the paper studies vibratory modal of three - span prestressed concrete and continuous rigid frame box with v pier bridge, and sets about experimental investigation of the corresponding practical bridge

    本文根據典型的三跨預應力混凝土墩連續剛構橋的特點，提出採用板殼有限元法計算理論，建立其空間分析模型，研究該橋在不同荷載（均布恆載、集中活載、預應力束）支承條件下的空間受力特性和變化規律：探討了典型三跨預應力混凝土墩連續剛構橋的空間靜動力特性及相應的振動模態；探索一般的平面理論預測值與實際空間效應的差異，並進行相應的試驗研究。
  18. The last chapter presents the result of our studies of how to use the peak frequency of synchrotron emission to classify the bl lac objects and the action of the peak frequency in bl lac objects. we sustain that the peak frequency can become a well classificatory criteria of bl lac objects and conceive that there are some systemic difference between xbls and rbls, and the difference is not only the result of choice

    本文最後一章重點介紹了同步峰頻在bllac天體分類中的作用，同時介紹了作者在相關領域作的一些研究工作，我們的工作進一步支持了峰頻作為bllac天體的一個有效的分類標準的觀點，進一步猜想bllac天體的兩個子類xbl和rbl的物理性質可能存在本質差異，而不僅是選擇效應的結果。
  19. Compared with conventional bracing technology, not only soil nailing will actively support soil masses, but also interaction effect of soil nailing and soil masses will be mobilized leading to utilize in - site strength of soils to a maximum degree. the disturbed soil masses that originally induce loading effect on bracing structures are transformed into a part of bracing structures. accordingly, the composite soil nailing bracing technique begins to be applied to reinforcement of soft soils or foundations

    復合土釘支護技術中，土釘主動支護土體，並與土體共同作用，盡可能保持、利用、提高基坑邊壁土體的原有強度，將傳統支護方式中對支護結構形成荷載效應的擾動土體轉化為支護結構的一部分，從而可以有效地應用於軟土地區等特殊地質條件下的基坑支護，而且具有工藝簡單、造價低、工期短等優點。
  20. 2. for frame supported double - short - pier shear wall under vertical loads, the non - noding area of transfer beams turns into a member of flexure and tension with small axial force, and bending stress dominates in the stress distribution on the cross - section. in the nodding area, the axial force increases while the bending effect is small

    2 、框支雙肢短肢剪力墻在豎向荷載作用下，轉換梁的非節點區為一拉彎構件，軸向拉力較小，截面的應力分佈以彎曲應力為主;在節點區，軸向拉力效應增大，而彎曲效應很小。
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