文物保護基礎 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wénwùbǎohùjīchǔ]
文物保護基礎 英文
basic principles of conservation of cultural property
  • 文 : Ⅰ名詞1 （字） character; script; writing 2 （文字） language 3 （文章） literary composition; wri...
  • 物 : 名詞1 （東西） thing; matter; object 2 （指自己以外的人或與己相對的環境） other people; the outsi...
  • 保 : Ⅰ動詞1 （保衛; 保護） defend; protect 2 （保持） keep; preserve; maintain in good condition 3 （...
  • 護 : 動詞1. （保護; 保衛） protect; guard; shield 2. （袒護;包庇） be partial to; shield from censure
  • 礎 : 名詞（墊在房屋柱子底下的石頭） plinth
  • 文物 : cultural relic; historical relic
  1. Form. taxus chinensis var. mairei is protecting plant in the first class, which is a precious and endangering plant in china in this paper, the quantitative characterics of form. taxus chinensis vsr. mairei population including age structure, spatial distribution pattern, growth dynamics of tree basal area, niche characterics, fractal dimension and competition between specises were studied using methods of mathematics ecology from the angle of population ecology of form. taxus chinensis var. mairei, then the prent state and the endangering causes were analysed. this research offers gist to protecting and enlarging the crude resourse of form. taxus chinensis vsr. mairei population, afforesting plantation and sustainable utilize for us

    本文從南方紅豆杉種群生態學的角度、主要應用數學生態學的方法探討南方紅豆杉種群的數量特徵，包括南方紅豆杉種群年齡結構、種群空間格局（探討分佈格局動態規律與生境相互關系） 、不同立地條件下種群優勢度增長趨勢、生態位寬度、生態位相似比例、生態位重疊、空間占據能力及種間競爭等，分析其目前現狀及瀕危原因，期望為南方紅豆杉野生資源的保護和擴大、營造人工林及可持續利用提供理論基礎，也為瀕危植物種群生態學的研究提供參考。
  2. In this paper, two major types, the natural vegetation and crop vegetation in luota are studied. we can gain the different distributive area by remote sensing technology, in accordance with conifer forest, broadleaf forest, thick shrub forest, shrub forest, herbs shrub forest, herbs naked rock and crop vegetation. the valuation of the output of standing trees, water conserbancy, soil conserbation to control erosion and purify the air is the main basis which is used to value the functions of the forest ecosystem of the conifer forest and broadleaf forest of luotathe result reveal that the total ecological function value of the forest which area is 1388. 8 hm2 is estimated up to 18. 36 million yuan per annum. the synthetic valuation system of luota vegetation is put forward by the valuation of per hm2 in evergreen - deciduous forest, conifer forest, conifer and broadleaf forest, broadleaf forest, scatteredtree - shrub forest, coppice - shrub forest, herbs shrub forest, econamic crop and cereal crops. the plant resources is valued according to the ornamental and green plant. lumber trees and medical plant. ornamental plant includes hosta plantaginea. lilium brownii van viridulum, spiraea cantomiensis and so on. lumber tuees includes zzzelkova schneideriana, emmenopterys henryi, catalpa fargesii and so on

    本文把洛塔現存植被分為自然植被與栽培植被兩大類進行研究，通過遙感技術對現存植被按針葉林、闊葉林、密灌、灌叢、草灌、荒草裸巖、農作物植被等類型進行分佈面積的統計，在此基礎上，以林產品價值、涵養水源價值、保護土壤價值和凈化空氣價值作為估算的主要參考依據，對已成林的針葉林與闊葉林進行森林生態系統的價值估算，得出面積為1388 . 8hm ~ 2的針葉闊葉林的森林生態價值為1836 . 37萬元，參照這一生態價值量，把洛塔植被按常綠落葉林、針葉林、針闊混交林、闊葉林、疏林?灌叢、矮灌叢、荒草灌叢、經濟作物和糧食作物，以每hm ~ 2的價值量提出了洛塔植被的綜合價值體系。
  3. The second part combining with the background of sustainable development, discusses the opportunity and the problems which the study of air rights faces. the third part tries to blaze a new trail in methodology directed against the problems raised in the second part, to introduce the legal economic analysis method in the study of the air rights system, and inquire into the tendency of air rights in accordance with sustainable development strategy. the last part bases on the discussion above, points out the momentous theoretical significance and pratical significance to erect the system of air rights, and in order to comply with the trend of land stereoscopic utilization in our country, it tries to put forward the design of establishing the system of air rights which can meet the d emands of sustainable development in the legislation of real rights system, land management and environmental protection

    本文共分為四個部分，文章的第一部分主要是簡單地介紹空間權的產生和發展，並通過各國空間權制度的比較研究，著重探討了空間權的一些基本理論問題；文章的第二部分結合可持續發展的時代背景，闡述空間權制度研究面臨的機遇和存在的問題；文章的第三部分則主要是針對第二部分的問題，進行方法論的創新，試圖在空間權制度的研究中引入法律的經濟分析方法，探討空間權面對可持續發展戰略的發展趨勢；文章的最後一部分主要是在前文論述的基礎上，指出我國建立空間權制度的重要理論意義和現實意義，并力圖在我國物權立法、土地管理立法、環境資源保護立法中提出建立適應可持續發展需要的空間權制度的設計思路，以順應我國土地立體利用的趨勢。
  4. In the civilization ecotourism resource serials the majority is about historical heritages, totaling 12 patterns, which scores are all below 1. 0, except the relic of the old city and site of military recovery, which shows the historical heritage ecotourism resources ca n ' t be regarged as the guiding resources, but the recuperating and spending holiday patterns of resources stand out. it is because ningwu have many advantageous resources on ecotourism arid forest recuperation with self - contained and well - circulating biology chains and crude ecosystem - guiding by the policy of " protection, development and utilization " and " extruding themes, multiplying functions and integrating mass ", the author sheds the viewpoint of the development frame of " five regions and two activities " in ningwu on the basis of quantitative evaluation. the five regions means taking the advantage of mountains to develop luya mountain ecotourism region, of lakes to develop tianchi ecotourism region, of headstream to develop fen river ecotourism regi

    按照「保護、開發、利用」三位一體和「主題突出、功能多樣、渾然一體」的開發方針，充分發揮寧武「自然與人文旅遊資源組合較佳」的優勢，本文在定量評價的基礎上進一步提出了寧武縣「五區、兩活動」的開發框架，即:以「山地」為依託，開發蘆芽山生態旅遊區;以「湖泊」為依託，開發天池生態旅遊區;以「源頭」為依託，開發汾源生態旅遊區;以「古城」為依託，開發寧化名勝生態旅遊區;以「古關」為依託，開發寧武關名勝生態旅遊區;圍繞「歷史文化」開展文化生態旅遊活動;圍繞「風物特產」開展土特產生態旅遊活動
  5. Gaoyou is the hometown of di yao one of the chinese chieftains of tribe in remote antiquity. on the basis of longqiuzhuang relics one of the state historic relics protection units, we plan to construct a ancient cultural relics museum combining science, culture and traveling to become a prehistoric cultural research center and a unique scenic traveling zone in middle jiangsu

    帝堯故里：高郵是先人帝堯的故鄉。在國家文物保護單位虯莊遺址的基礎上，規劃建設集科研文化旅遊為一體的古址博物館，使其成為研究我國江淮地區史前文化的中心和獨具特色的風景旅遊區。
  6. We have advanced the city construction sustainable developing strategy on studying socialized production and life service function ( hub of communication, information linking modern water supplying and draining, energy supplying, calamity preventing, environment preventing ) ; purify and beauty function ( gardens afforest landscape controlling ecology protection ) ; science and cultural function ( exhibition hall, science and technology center, conference service center, gymnasium, library, museum and other recreations ), environment quality controlling, etc. during the process of the city construction sustainable development, thinking manner and view, such as systemic view, natural view, resource view, value view, morality view, should be educated and abided

    通過對城市基礎設施建設?交通樞紐功能、信息溝通功能、現代化給排水、能源供給、防災和環保設施為主體的社會化生產生活服務功能、高水平的園林綠化、景觀控制、生態保護為主要內容的城市美化凈化功能，由展覽館、科技館、會議服務中心、體育場館、圖書館、博物館及其它文化娛樂設施組成的科技文化教育交流功能，環境質量控制等等問題的分析與探討，提出我國城市建設可持續發展的各項對策。詳細分析城市規劃的價值觀和方法論。詳細分析研究城市建設可持續發展中的系統觀，自然觀，價值觀，倫理道德觀等新的思維方式。
  7. Applying the geographic information systems ( gis ) technology on the basis of data gathering in the fields, the present paper has made an analysis and evaluation over the situation of electromagnetic radiation, over the principal areas, including key residential blocks, protection zones of the historical relics, scenic spots and, particularly, the olympic venue district of the city

    在野外數據採集的基礎上，運用地理信息系統（ gis ）技術，對北京市重點地區（重點居民區、文物保護區、風景旅遊區、奧運場館區）環境的電磁輻射水平進行了分析與評價。
  8. In this paper, river water quality prediction is integrated with water pollution control measures. two parameters, water environmental capacity and pollution index are selected for pollution control measures. the objective is achieved after the development of simulation model using one - dimensional advection dispersion equation. the model algorithm and computer program is an improvement over the existing water quality models, since the model solution involves four point implicit upwind schemes for water quality prediction and pollution control measures at each grid point. model simulation results the assessment of water environmental capacity that yield the acceptable and realistic pollutants concentration in order to maintain water quality objectives. the pollution and overall pollution index of the river is suggested for integrating number of contaminants variables into one index. study provides the mathematical and scientific procedure for water quality management. the new approach is helpful for the water pollution control and to study the impacts of waste effluents on the river system for strategic planning purposes

    本文將水質預測及水污染控制措施有機地結合，選取水環境容量和污染指數作為水污染控制的參數.這樣，一維對流-擴散水質方程的求解除就是實現本研究目的的關鍵.本研究採用的模型在現有的水質模型基礎上有所改進，因為其採用四點隱格式對水質進行預測，推求可接納污染物的環境容量值及為保證水質而限定的污染物濃度值，從而制定相應的水污染控制措施.為整體考慮各種污染物的情況，建議採用河流的污染指數進而推求綜合污染指數.總之，本研究為水質保護提供了科學的計算方法，該法對水污染控制及污水對河道水質的影響是實用有效的
  9. Abstract : in this paper, river water quality prediction is integrated with water pollution control measures. two parameters, water environmental capacity and pollution index are selected for pollution control measures. the objective is achieved after the development of simulation model using one - dimensional advection dispersion equation. the model algorithm and computer program is an improvement over the existing water quality models, since the model solution involves four point implicit upwind schemes for water quality prediction and pollution control measures at each grid point. model simulation results the assessment of water environmental capacity that yield the acceptable and realistic pollutants concentration in order to maintain water quality objectives. the pollution and overall pollution index of the river is suggested for integrating number of contaminants variables into one index. study provides the mathematical and scientific procedure for water quality management. the new approach is helpful for the water pollution control and to study the impacts of waste effluents on the river system for strategic planning purposes

    文摘:本文將水質預測及水污染控制措施有機地結合，選取水環境容量和污染指數作為水污染控制的參數.這樣，一維對流-擴散水質方程的求解除就是實現本研究目的的關鍵.本研究採用的模型在現有的水質模型基礎上有所改進，因為其採用四點隱格式對水質進行預測，推求可接納污染物的環境容量值及為保證水質而限定的污染物濃度值，從而制定相應的水污染控制措施.為整體考慮各種污染物的情況，建議採用河流的污染指數進而推求綜合污染指數.總之，本研究為水質保護提供了科學的計算方法，該法對水污染控制及污水對河道水質的影響是實用有效的
  10. Be opposite this of 1992 cloth " labor law " revise share 44, new after revising " labor law " have the following characteristic : suited to build the real case that realizes formal diversity with the adjustment that develops structure of system of socialist market economy, economy, state ownership already, highlight again was aimed at increasingly complex and changeful working relationship ; the maintenance that highlighted labour union function, made clear workers congress system and collective contract system shift of power of these two main thought, aggrandizement labour union organizes construction, organize broad worker in labour union to provided legal basis and safeguard for utmost ground ; increased the protective strength to labour union cadre, aggrandizement specific safeguard, make labour union cadre ok more the function that fulfils his duty to fulfill labour union responsibly ; protected labour union to produce bridge and bond effect better, fulfilled labour union to share politics, economy, culture and the approach that the society lives, made clear the essential mechanism that labor of labour union mediate concerns ; those who made clear union funds capture range, aggrandizement of union funds capture strength, ensured labour union to organize the necessary material base that develops function of labour union of activity, implementation lawfully ; set legal liability, made clear the punishment to violating principal part, enhanced law to deter force

    這次對1992布的《工會法》的修改共有四十四條，新修改後的《工會法》有以下特點：既適應了建立和發展社會主義市場經濟體制、經濟結構的調整、公有制實現形式多元化的實際情況，又突出針對了日益復雜多變的勞動關系；突出了工會的維護職能，明確了職工代表大會制度和集體合同制度這兩個主要維權手段，強化了工會組織建設，為最大限度地把廣大職工組織到工會中來提供了法律依據和保障；加大了對工會幹部的保護力度，強化了具體保護措施，使工會幹部可以更加盡職盡責地履行工會的職能；更好地保護了工會發揮橋梁和紐帶作用，落實了工會參與政治、經濟、文化和社會生活的途徑，明確了工會調處勞動關系的根本機制；明確了工會經費的收繳范圍，強化了工會經費的收繳力度，保障了工會組織依法開展活動、實現工會職能的必要物質基礎；規定了法律責任，明確了對違法主體的處罰，增強了法律威懾力。
  11. Bentham considers that the capacity of suffering as the key character of whether the creature should be taken into equal account as to the conclusion that mankind have direct duties to animals on the ground of utilitarianism ; peter singer ’ s animal liberation theory considers that animals should be taken into equal account of moral calculation because they can suffer according to the equal principle and utilitarian principle of utilitarianism ; tom regan ’ s animal rights theory substitutes subject - of - life for person of kant, animals are also the subject of life and have inherent value, so they have the equal rights of attaining respect ; mary warren ’ s weak animal rights theory amends the strong animal rights theory of tom regan ; gary l. francione ’ s animal rights theory animadverts on the utilitarian animal rights theory of bentham and peter singer

    動物權利論者們從各自的角度論述動物權利的成立，許多國家制定了保護動物權利的動物福利法，西方各國的動物福利法趨向完善，東亞部分國家和地區也相繼制定了動物福利法，但我國法律在這方面尚為空白。本文主要梳理和總結了動物權利理論的發展演進過程以及動物權利的概念、當代世界動物權利法律保護實踐情況以及我國動物權利法律保護體系的現狀及未來三個問題，對我國動物權利法律保護現狀進行分析，得出應在適應我國國情的基礎上建構動物權利法律保護體系並提出了自己的建議。
  12. However, the system of personal property mortgage in china is not so perfect and still has a lot of defaults, such as the scope of targeted objects, the means of public summons, the precedence to be claimed when personal property mortgage co - exists with other real rights for security, and etc. this paper is based on the basic theory of personal property mortgage and composed of four main parts : patr 1 introduces the concept and features of the personal property mortgage, and indicates some differences on the above details among china and other countries and regions through the survey and research of relative laws

    我國的動產抵押制度尚不完善，存在著諸多不足甚至缺陷，具體體現在標的物的范圍、公示方式的選擇、登記的對抗效力、多個抵押權並存時的受償順序、對抵押物受讓人的保護以及與其他擔保物權沖突時的處理等方面。本論文的研究方法是從動產抵押制度的基礎理論出發，運用比較法、法哲學、經濟分析和利益權衡等方法，針對性地對上述不足之處進行分析，提出具體意見。本文的研究由四部分組成。
  13. We must strictly comply with law of cultural relics, have the consciousness of protecting the city, enlarge the range and quantity of the old blocks and buildings, deal with the relationship between preservation and development properly, develop the cultural resources advisablely, bring the experts into full play, and improve the system of the city preservation

    鑒此，應在全面落實《文物法》的基礎上，提高名城保護意識，擴大歷史街區保護范圍和歷史建築數量，處理好保護與開發的關系，合理開發歷史文化資源，發揮專家作用，健全和完善名城保護機制。
  14. So in the process of planning for the conservation of the large - scale sites which has extraordinary cultural signification, we must attach importance to the value assessment of the large - scale sites which provided the foundation for the whole work of protection and conservation

    因此，在大遺址保護規劃的編制工作中，要對遺址進行「整體保護」 ，就必須對遺址的文物價值作出完整而準確的評估，這個過程也是整個工作的基礎
  15. In order to systematically summarize research outcome of mining under buildings and further accelerate its development, by consulting a large number of literature and making synthetic analysis, this paper presents an overall summary of the latest research outcome of mining under buildings from the following three aspects : protecting measures of mining under ground, of buildings on the surface, and grouting of overburden, and analyzes the current research state of coordinating action of ground, foundation and structure of buildings in mining area

    摘要為了系統歸納建築物下採煤的研究成果、進一步促進建築物下採煤學科的發展，採用查閱大量文獻資料和綜合分析的方法，對目前建築物下採煤在井下采礦措施、地面建築物保護措施、覆巖離層注漿等三個方面的研究發展現狀進行了全面的總結，並對采動區建築物地基、基礎與結構協同問題在理論研究和現場實測方面的研究現狀進行了分析。
  16. Development and infrastructural construction of scenic spots, historic relics protection, reconstruct1on and repair, construction of astronomy museum, geology museum, history and culture, time - sharing holiday village and tourist airport

    景區開發及基礎設施建設，文物保護、恢復及修繕，天文博物館、地質博物院、歷史文化博物院建設，分時旅遊度假村，旅遊機場等。
  17. Ruan yisan discussed how to protect shanghai ' s urban tourist resources in detail in the protection of cultural relic in " theory and practice of historical environmental protection ". cai mingfeng in " urban custom of shanghai " and zheng zuan in " a century shanghai " had some introductions to some respects of the modern shanghai ' s urban tourism in bright. according to the materials that were grasped in person, the achievement studied about the modern shanghai ' s urban tourism was to touch about a certain side basically, not to find comparatively systematic research

    王淑良等在《中國旅遊史》 （近現代部分）中介紹了近代上海旅遊的基礎服務設施、旅遊機構和旅遊資源；從近代整體旅遊經濟的角度對近代旅遊做了量化分析的是張利俐的《近代中國旅遊發展的經濟透視》 ；范能船等在《城市旅遊學》中簡單介紹了近代上海城市旅遊；阮儀三在《歷史環境保護的理論與實踐》一書中從文物保護方面詳細地論述了如何保護上海的都市旅遊資源；蔡豐明的《上海都市風俗》和鄭祖安的《百年上海城》對上海近代都市旅遊的某些方面做了一些介紹等等。
  18. In order to accelerate the research on genetics and breeding of bamboo, the authors suggested that the new technology on bamboo germplasm conservation should be integrated, flowering mechanism and flower induced should be strengthened, molecular breeding and traditional breeding should be integrated and new technological basis of tissue culture should be established

    本文從遺傳基礎、常規育種和分子育種3個方面對國內外的竹子遺傳育種的研究狀況進行了系統的研究概述，並提出加強竹子種質資源保護，重視種質資源保存新技術的研究，加強竹子開花機理和開花人工誘導的研究，把現代生物技術與傳統育種相結合，建立穩定的技術平臺，以推動竹子遺傳育種的新發展。
  19. By using theory of systems engineering, methods of knowledge engineering, summing up the existing research results of peanut cultivation, documentation, expert experience and expert problem - solving ideas roundly ; colligating crop cultivation, plant protection, soil fertility, agro - ecological and other fields of knowledge ; combining the visual basic6. 0 programming technology, acesss2000 database technology with expert systems technology organically, a peanut cultivation and management computer expert systems is developed based on peanut growth model

    本研究採用系統工程的思想，知識工程的方法和手段，在總結現有花生栽培及生理研究成果、文獻資料、專家經驗的基礎上，綜合植物保護、土壤肥料、農業生態等多個領域的知識，將visualbasic6 . 0編程技術、 acesss2000數據庫技術與專家系統開發技術有機結合，研發出一套花生栽培管理計算機專家系統。 1 、總體結構和功能該系統由數據庫、模型庫、知識庫、推理機和人機界面等部分組成。
  20. The bachelor of arts in architectural studies programme aims to prepare students for the master of architecture professional course and for the parallel masters courses in urban design, landscape architecture and architectural conservation. it seeks to equip students with basic technical skills and a basic knowledge of architecture

    建築學士學位旨在培養學生具備基本建築技術與知識，為日後繼續攻讀建築學碩士學位及其他碩士課程，如城市規劃園境規劃及建築文物保護等打下堅實的基礎。
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