方形航線 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fāngxínghángxiàn]
方形航線 英文
square course
  • 方 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方形; 方體） square 2 [數學] （乘方） involution; power 3 （方向） direction 4 （方面） ...
  • 航 : Ⅰ名詞（船） boat; shipⅡ動詞（航行） navigate （by water or air）; sail
  • 線 : 名詞1 （用絲、棉、金屬等製成的細長的東西） thread; string; wire 2 [數學] （一個點任意移動所構成的...
  • 方形 : square; tetragonum
  • 航線 : air line; air route; route; airway; shipping line; way; itinerary; azimuth; pathway; trajectory; ...
  1. Vsp is both a pivotal tache in logistic distribution optimization and indispensable in electronic commerce. it can increase logistic economic benefit and realize logistic rationalization. the systemic study on the theory and method of vsp is the base on the growth of logistic intensivism, the establishment of modem chain of command, the development of its and ec. now, the problem is not only applied to the field of auto transportation, but also to ship avigation communication electricity industry management computer application etc. the algorithm has been applied into many combinatorial optimization problems such as the trainman ' s shift arrangement in avigation the optimization design of cargo arrangement in ship company

    對貨運車輛進行調度優化，可以提高物流經濟效益、實現物流科學化。對貨運車輛調度優化理論與方法進行系統研究是物流集約化發展、建立現代調度指揮系統、發展智能交通運輸系統和開展電子商務的基礎。目前，問題的形式已有很大發展，該問題以不僅僅局限於汽車運輸領域，在水運、航空、通訊、電力、工業管理、計算機應用等領域也有一定的應用，其演算法已用於航空乘務員輪班安排、輪船公司運送貨物經過港口與貨物安排的優化設計、交通車線路安排、生產系統中的計劃與控制等多種組合優化問題。
  2. Such research can lead to a new flight procedure design methodology, which copes with these problems and makes strong economical senses. under the guidance of aviation safety, efficiency, regularity and economy, this thesis applies the principle of the instrument flight procedure, firstly, to research the current vor / dme instrument flight procedure, namely the vor / dme instrument flight procedure ( vor / dmf. ifp ), its holding procedures, departure routes, arrival routes, and approach procedures, cor the terminal airspace

    本文在安全、效率、正常和經濟的原則下，運用儀表飛行程序設計的思想和原則，首先對在vor / dme導航臺上建立儀表進場航線、等待程序、儀表進近程序和儀表離場航線等機場空域內的飛行程序的設計方法進行了研究，總結出不同位置的vor / dme儀表飛行程序的布局形式、適用情況及其優缺點，並首次提出了以vor / dme為基準的封閉圓弧進近程序；其次，研究了基於vor / dme導航臺的區域導航飛行程序的設計方法；最後，研究了在現有的vor / dme儀表飛行程序上建立區域導航飛行程序的設計方法。
  3. The directrixes of the in former two transmissions are the loxodrome and the geodesic on the pitch cones, that of the latter is an equal - pitch line along the direction of straight generatrixes in the hyperboloid surface, also is the vertical trajectory of the straight generatrixes

    前兩種傳動形式的準線分別為節錐面上的斜航線與測地線，後者的準線為單葉雙曲面上沿直母線方向的等螺距曲線，且為直母線族的正交軌線。
  4. Disigning coolant channel on the firebox of liquid rocket engine to loxodrome ( equal - angle helix ) groove can improve firebox coolant capability greatly. because the width dimension of loxodrome groove is narrow and the depth is deep, some machining methods are incapable, such as end - milling or electrochemistry. according to the peculiarities, a cnc disk - cutter - milling method which is composed of five motion axes with four simultaneously interpolated ones is researched. because most firebox generatrix is composed of complex curves, it is very difficult to get cnc cutting program with manual means. in order to deal with the problem, the loxodrome mathematics model is studied, and an auto - programming software system is developed. the software system can generate cnc cutting program of loxodrome on many kinds of turned surface. the constriction - distension segment of firebox is the most representative workpiece. the sharp changing of its generatrix slope makes loxodrome milling difficult. with the theory analyzing and practice cutting experiment, some applied techniques, which include milling mode and direction, choosing cutter diameter and cutting start point setting, are developed. adopting the technology above, tens regular workpiece have been manufacturing. the two - year manufacture practice has confirmed the validity and feasibility of developed loxodrome coolant channel milling method. the developed technology is also worth to be referenced to other similar workpiece

    將液體火箭發動機燃燒室的冷卻通道設計為斜航線（等傾角螺旋線）槽形，可以大幅度改善燃燒室的冷卻性能.斜航線冷卻槽的槽寬尺寸較小而槽深尺寸較大，所以無法使用棒銑刀銑削、電化學等加工方式.針對這些特點，提出了五軸控制、四軸聯動的數控片銑刀銑削加工方法.由於燃燒室外表面的母線輪廓復雜，手工編制數控加工程序難度大.為了解決數控加工程序的編制問題，研究了斜航線的數學模型，開發了自動編程軟體系統.使用該系統，可以生成多種母線輪廓回轉體外表面上的斜航線數控加工程序.燃燒室收斂-擴張段的母線斜率變化大，加工難度大，是斜航線冷卻通道加工的最典型工件.經過理論分析和實際切削實驗，研究了針對該類型工件的片銑刀直徑選擇、銑削方式和方向、刀具調整和起刀點的設置等多項實際的加工方案.採用上述的一系列技術，已經成功地加工了數十個合格工件.經過兩年多的實際生產過程應用，驗證了所開發的斜航線冷卻通道加工方法的正確性和可行性.這些加工技術的研製成功，對其他相似類型零件的加工亦具有參考意義
  5. In this paper, the main research works are as follows : 1 ) survey and analysis previous work in auv navigation and summarize : as the cumulate error, the dead - reckoning and inertial navigation systems ca n ' t be used without other modified system ; the acoustic navigation system is used only in small range, and is very expensive. 2 ) two important approaches in geophysical navigation techniques are summarized, one is terrain contour based navigation, this approach is investigated keystone today ; the other is image based navigation, due to no perfect image sensors and image seabed map, this approach has seldom been practised. 3 ) two important terrain contour based navigation algorithms has been applied to auv, one is match algorithm - based terrain contour match ( tercom ) ; the other is kalman filter - based sandia inertia terrain - aided navigation ( sitan )

    主要研究內容包括：一、總結分析了當前水下導航的常用方法和不足之處，指出基於航位推算的導航方法，存在著最大的問題就是導航誤差的積累問題，如果沒有修正系統，這種方法很難滿足使用要求；其次指出基於聲學的導航方法，造價昂貴，導航范圍有限，難以滿足自主水下航行器大范圍導航的需求；二、總結了當前水下地形輔助導航的主要技術路線，一是基於地形高程的匹配方法，這是當前研究的重點；二是基於地形圖像的匹配方法，由於缺乏良好的圖像傳感器，和可用的海底圖像地圖，目前這種方法還有待研究發展；三、將兩種地形高程匹配的常用方法應用到自主水下航行器上：以相關演算法為前提的地形輪廓匹配（ tercom ）方法和以卡爾曼濾波為基礎的桑迪亞慣性地形輔助導航（ sitan ）方法，前者演算法簡單可靠，但是導航精度不高，後者雖然精度比較高，但存在著演算法較為復雜、有可能發散和出現奇異值等問題。
  6. The first algorithm is low precise but simple and credible, the second is high precise but complex and incredible. 4 ) developed four kinds of methods aimed to improve precision and credibility of navigation system. the first is parallel sandia inertia terrain - aided navigation ( psitan ) ; the second is tercom + sitan, it can restrain two important disadvantages of sitan ; the third is particle filter - based terrain - aided navigation ( pftan ), the particle filter can reduce the error of navigation ; the last is tercom + pftan, where tercom is looked as monitor to ensure the credibility of navigation system

    採用并行sitan方法來提高導航精度，並克服奇異值問題；提出了tercom + sitan方法，綜合利用兩者的優點，在保持sitan導航精度的前提下，有效地克服了sitan的兩個缺點；提出了一種基於連續蒙特卡洛濾波（常被稱為particlefilter ）的地形匹配演算法（ pftan ） ，有效地克服了利用sitan時由於地形隨機線性化帶來的誤差，使導航精度有較大的提高；提出了tercom作為監視器的地形輔助導航思想，並將其應用到連續蒙特卡洛方法上，較大地增加了系統的可靠性和精度。
  7. In the application of mini - micro - robot visual perception, there is a need for fish - eye lenses for capturing wide field of view for navigation. though fish - eye lenses provide a wide field of view ( 180 ), they introduce significant distortion in images and the acquired images are quite warped, which makes conventional camera calibration algorithms no longer work well. this paper presents an accurate calibration framework for fish - eye lens ( a high distortion lens ) camera stereo vision system. the accurate calibration model is formulated with radial distortion, decentering distortion and thin prism distortion based on the fisheye deformation model. using fish - eye and non - linear camera model, the author employs levenberg - marquardt method to realize precise non - linear calibration for wide - view - scene dense depth image recovery

    魚眼鏡頭成像立體視覺系統在微小型機器人視覺導航和近距離大視場物體識別與定位中有著廣泛的應用.盡管魚眼鏡頭攝像機具有很大的視場角（接近180 ） ，但同時也引入嚴重的圖像變形，常規的攝像機標定方法無法使用.該文提出一種標定魚眼鏡頭攝像機立體視覺系統的方法.在魚眼鏡頭變形模型的基礎上，通過考慮魚眼鏡頭成像的徑向變形、偏心變形和薄棱鏡變形，建立了魚眼鏡頭成像的精確成像模型，然後，利用非線性迭代演算法，精確求解攝像機外部參數、內部參數.實驗表明，使用該方法得到的立體視覺系統參數滿足精確恢復大場景稠密深度圖的要求
  8. Three - dimensionally braided structural composites have distinct structure that is fully integrated, continuously spatial fiber - network impregnated with ductile material. the new innovative materials have not plies as conventional composites have, and put an end once and all to low interlaminar strength showing in laminate materials. because of their enhanced stiffness and strength in the thickness direction, near - net - shape design and manufacturing, superior damage tolerance and specified aerospace function, the braided composites are gaining more and more attention of industry and academia

    三維編織結構復合材料是完全整體、連續、多向的紡線（纖維束）的網路，充填以延性材料，這類新材料已失去通常復合材料的層合板概念，由此，層合板復合材料層間脆弱的致命弱點在編織結構復合材料中得到克服，所以編織結構復合材料具有高的強度和剛度（包括在厚度方向） ，接近實際形狀的製造，高的沖擊韌性、高的損傷阻抗，和按實際設計要求的特定的航空航天方面的使用功能，因而廣泛地受到工業界和學術界的關注。
  9. In this paper, the waterway curve plane function is established with move fit method to calculate the depth value of grid points, and in part fields linear method is adopted because of the distributing scrambling of waterway measure points. as a result of the use of two methods, not only the calculating precision is high but also the calculating speed is very fast

    本文選用移動擬合法建立航道曲面函數，插值計算航道測量區網格點的深度值，並且根據航道測量點分佈的不規則性進行了優化，即在測量點稀少的地方運用了線形內插法代替移動擬合法來進行插值計算，兩種插值方法的合理結合，不僅保證了插值的精度，特別是提高了插值的計算速度。
  10. The result shows that the solar radiation pressure moments play a mainly part. based on kalman filtering, three kinds of attitude determination algorithms were studied using the attitude sensor now available on the explorer : the first based on digital solar sensor ( dss ) and gyroscope when the star sensor is not available ; another based on dss, high - gain antenna ( hga ) and gyroscope when the explorer is in the earth - safe mode ; the third based on star sensor combined with gyroscope when the explorer is in the normal mode

    針對配置了典型測量敏感器的深空探測器，基於擴展kalman濾波給出了其姿態確定的方法:針對星敏感器不可用情形，給出了使用太陽敏感器和速率陀螺定姿的濾波器演算法;針對安全模式下的對地穩定定向情形，給出了太陽敏感器和高增益天線融合速率陀螺信息的定姿演算法;針對正常巡航模式給出星敏感器和速率陀螺聯合定姿演算法。
  11. Abstract : variations of flow pattern, flow velocity in deep poo l and side bar, mainstream thread, and water surface, caused by excavation project, are investigated by two - dimensional mathematical model in an orthogonal curvili near coordinate system. the change of bed - load transport rate, and redeposition r ate are predicted. the influences of the excavation project on navigation are ana lyzed. grid - type and flat - type excavation alternatives are proposed and discuss ed

    文摘:採用正交曲線坐標系下的河道平面二維數學模型，研究了嘉陵江何家磧邊灘采砂后河道流勢、流態、灘槽流速、主流位置、水面高程及比降的變化規律，預測了采砂方案完成後卵石推移質輸沙率變化及其對航道的影響，並對格形開挖和平整開挖方案進行了比較分析
  12. The author points out that the social economy objectively requires the development of hub container ports and analyzes a variety of elements causing the emergence and development of hub container port, which includes the level and scale of hinterland economy, the natural and social factors of the location on which the port is based and the international ranking status of the port

    作者研究了集裝箱樞紐港的特點與形成條件，指出集裝箱樞紐港的形成演化既是社會經濟發展對運輸發展的客觀要求，也是集裝箱運輸自身發展的必然結果。它的形成和發展的原因是多方面的，港口腹地經濟的水平與規模、港口自身的自然條件和城市依託條件、港口在國際航線中的位置等都影響集裝箱樞紐港的形成和發展。
  13. Abstract : approximate methods for calculating aerodynamic heating rates on space shuttles are discussed. various methods are given for predicting the heating rate at axisymmetric stagnation points, general three dimensional stagnationpoints and the leading edge stagnation point of wings. numerous laminar and turbulent heating techniques for flat plates and cones are analyzed and compared. a brief review of some methods is presented to predict heating rate for winward centerline and lateral direction off the symmetry plane. the results show that the methods are simpler and can guarantee enought precision for predicting aerodynamic heating environment of space shuttles

    文摘:介紹了國內外預測航天飛機氣動加熱的工程計算方法.給出了軸對稱、非軸對稱和機翼前緣等各種外形駐點熱流密度的計算，分析和比較了平板、錐體的層流和湍流熱流密度計算的各種方法，概述了航天飛機迎風面中心線和離開中心線橫向熱流密度的計算.計算結果表明，本文方法用在航天飛機氣動熱環境初步設計中比較簡單並且有足夠精度
  14. Question 3 : the municipal planning department of shanghai put forward that “ airport fast road line should be reserved ”, please explain the form, leading in direction, scale of station to be established, and the area to be occupied by the aviation building of the airport fast road line

    上海市規劃部門提出「應預留機場快線」 ，請說明機場快線的形式、引入方向，設站的規模及其航站樓的規劃佔地面積為多少？
  15. Consequently, the paper investigates the following aspects about the network adjustment theory and practice for airborne gravimetry, m oreover, some questions correlated with solving the adjustment problem are discussed in detail. 1. based on actualities of airborne gravimetry, two practical methods of searching crossovers are proposed, i

    為此，本文從以下幾個方面對航空重力測量測線網平差的理論與方法及相關內容進行研究，並得出若干初步結論： 1 、結合航空重力測量的實際情況，提出了兩種實用的交叉點搜索方法，即跳躍搜索法和圖形輔助搜索法。
  16. Indefinite length being changed into definite one and mathematical model being established, minimum flight distance for flying from beijing to detroit is obtained according to the knowledge of stereo - graph, functions, controlling metrology, computer programming and objects ' inter - movement, which can be put into practice

    摘要利用把不定長轉化為定長和建立數學模型的方法，藉助空間立體圖形、函數、控制測量學、計算機編程及物體間相互運動等知識，解決了從北京到底特律飛行航線最短，應用於實際中。
  17. During this paper, definition of the measure enter - cover - probability is given, andthree - dimension detection space are transformed to level detection circles on differentheights. aiming at the most normal situation of symmetric line, cross - to line and cross - awayline taken by the carrier, probablely - enter - cover - target - distribution are analysed in relativemovement method on the premise that targets fly perpendicular to the flying direction of thecarrier. mont - cario method is used to simulate uniformly - distributed - targets situation and getthe measure, and results are used to analyse the influence of line - landscape - orientation - ratio, line - portrait - ratio, and speed - ratio on the measure. for further research, influences of height and blind space are also discussed on base ofradar level detection range, and situations of non - uniformly - distributed targets are alsoresearched

    為了分析主動探測空間動態性能，本文首先提出以「目標進入雷達覆蓋區概率」 （簡稱為「覆蓋率」 ）作為評價指標;然後將三維探測空間轉換為不同高度層對應的水平探測圓，針對載機採用雙平行航線、交叉相向航線和交叉同向航線的最一般情形，採用相對運動的方法，分析目標垂直入侵時可能進入雷達覆蓋區的目標分佈情況;再運用蒙特卡洛法進行模擬計算，分析並比較目標服從均勻分佈時航線橫比、航線縱比及速度比對性能的影響。
  18. Firstly, the author makes a qualitative analysis of the present condition and the existing problems of yangtze river ' s electrical coal transportation system in shanghai section, and the advocates the method of carrying out the overall thinking pattern and technological routines of the system planning by making use of mathematical model

    首先，對上海電煤長江運輸系統的現狀及存在的問題進行定性的分析，闡明利用數學模型進行系統規劃的總體思路和技術路線。其次，對電煤的航線設置進行線性模型的設計和解析，形成滿足電廠到岸煤價最低要求的優化方案。
  19. In this thesis, the author, on the basis of the situation of the trade activities and the container transport between china and japan, presents the deployment plan of the best types of container ships most suitable for the sino - japan trades through argumentations, taking into consideration the current types of vessel owned by cosco container lines, and expounds on how to deploy suitable types of boxships on the sino - japan trades

    =本文在綜合分析中日之間貿易形勢和中日航線集裝箱運輸觀狀的基礎上，結合中遠集運現有船型，通過船型論證尋找適合中日航線營運條件的最佳船型方案，並對中日航線如何配置船舶進行了探討
  20. The system has a satisfactory variety of functions, strong adaptability, and is easy to use. another system is also developed for supervision and decision - making of ship navigation. the system can analyze navigation conditions, select and check navigation route based on data from physical and mathematical models

    該系統應用物理模型和數學模型的計算結果，結合形象、直觀的圖形顯示，能方便地對河道的航行條件進行分析，並能進行航線的選擇和檢驗；通過設定多個參數的大小，能進行各種不同的航行演示，滿足實際的需要。
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