明膠化作用 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [míngjiāohuàzuòyòng]
明膠化作用
英文
gelatification-
Dna damages caused by so2 and lead acetate were studied with the single cell microgel electrophoresis technique ( or comet assay ) in order to confirm the damaging degree of lead ( as an important component of atmosphere particle matter ) on dna from male mice exposed to so2. the migrating distances of dna of brain, lung, spleen and kidney cells of mice increased significantly, compared to the control group under conditions of single and combined poisoning of so2 ( 42mg / m3 ) and lead acetate ( 0. 2 % ), and lead could strengthen dna damage degree by so2 in nuclear dna of brain, kidney, spleen cells. damaging degree of so2 on nuclear dna of lung cell of mice was more severe than that of lead
為了明確大氣顆粒物中的重要組分? ?鉛在二氧化硫所致dna損傷中的作用程度，利用單細胞凝膠電泳技術（ singlecellgelelectrophoresis ， scge ，或稱彗星實驗， cometassay ）研究了鉛與二氧化硫的聯合污染，結果表明在42mg m ~ 3so _ 2和0 . 2醋酸摘要一abstract鉛單獨及聯合染毒條件下，小鼠腦、肺、腎、脾細胞dna遷移距離均比對照顯著增加;鉛加劇了50 :對腦、腎、脾細胞核dna的損傷程度; 50 :對肺細胞核dna的損傷程度要比鉛的損傷大，小鼠肺細胞核dna遷移距離在50 :和醋酸鉛聯合作用組與醋酸鉛單獨作用組間有極顯著性差異（ p < 0 . 01 ） ，而與502單獨作用組間沒有顯著性差異。Based on the extensive studies of subtilisin - like protease ( prl ) of metarhizium anisopliae, extracellullar serine protease is suggested to be a key enzyme involved in the fimgal penetration to invertebrates. the investigation of serine protease in the nematode infected by owvtl may help to understand the mechanism of nematophagous fimgi as biological control agents. a 3l kda serine protease was isolated and purified from the liquid culture of h rhossiliensis owvtl challenged with nematode panagrellus redivivus
本研究利用線蟲誘導下owvt - 1菌株液體發酵，通過粗分級分離、離子交換層析和凝膠過濾層析分離提純了一個分子量為31kda的絲氨酸蛋白酶，生物學測定表明其對大豆胞囊線蟲二齡幼蟲具有致死作用，同時測定了該酶理化特性，酶活力在75附近酶活力最高，隨著ph的增加酶的穩定性升高，與膽堿酯酶具有相似的ph曲線，對特異性底物aape （ suc - ala - ala - pro - glu - pna ）具有作用， ssi和ci - 2抑制該酶的活性。The variations in trace element contents and ratios may hold up a mirror to the lake - level fluctuations and climatic changes, which, in turn, have exerted a direct and important effect on the sequence stratigraphic development. collectively, the reservoir rocks from the yanchang formation consist dominantly of the delta front subfacies subaqueous distributary channel and channel - mouth bar microfacies and delta plain subfacies subaerial distributary channel microfacies fine - grained feldspar sandstones and siltstones. the reservoir rocks have been subjected to three stages of diagenetic and porosity evolution : ( 1 ) the porosity reduction by the mechanical compaction and chemical pressure solution during the early diagenetic stage ; ( 2 ) the porosity increase by the dissolution during the a substage of the late diagenetic stage, and ( 3 ) the porosity reduction by the cementation and filling during the b substage of the late diagenetic stage
系統的儲層特徵研究表明，該區延長組儲層成因類型主要為三角洲前緣水下分流河道、河口砂壩及三角洲平原水上分流河道微相細粒長石砂巖、粉砂巖；儲層巖石經歷了壓實，膠結，溶蝕等成巖作用，歷經早成巖機械壓實和化學壓溶孔隙縮小期、晚成巖a亞期溶蝕作用孔隙擴大期及晚成巖a亞期（ b亞期）膠結充填孔隙縮小期三個成巖-孔隙演化階段；儲層物性總體上具有較低孔滲、低孔滲的特點，孔隙類型主要為粒間溶孔、殘余粒間孔隙、粒內溶孔、晶間孔及晶間溶孔，裂縫不發育，儲集巖排驅壓力和中值壓力較高，孔隙結構類型以細小孔-微孔隙，微細喉-微喉型為主。Using water - soluble carbodiimide as condensation agent, biomacromolecules such as gelatin, collagen and chitosan were covalently grafted on the plla - g - pmaa membranes. solution of the biomacromolecules was further coated on the above membranes to increase the surface density of the biomacromolecules. this technology was designated " grafting and coating " method
為了將生物大分子化學接枝于plla膜表面，首先在plla膜表面接枝pmaa ，將羧基引入plla表面，利用水溶性碳化二亞胺edac作為縮合劑，與含有氨基的生物大分子反應，可將生物大分子如明膠、膠原和殼聚糖化學接枝在plla膜表面。There was no difference in other biologic characteristic of mscs between the two separation method, such as cell anchorage ratio and clone formation ratio. ( 2 ) plga film presented uniformity frame with no protuberance and fissure under scanning electron microscopy ( sem ). big aperture with smooth wall and average 400 m i n size running - through each other was observed in porous plga substrate, around the big aperture there were many round micropores about 5 m size. all of the structure were equal and uniform, which satisfied the further research work. ( 3 ) mscs adhesion at earlier time was promoted by biotiegenrafter 3h, cell number was ( 1. 5 0. 18 ) 105 in the plga film coated with biotiegen group, which was significantly higher than that in plga film group ( p < 0. 01 ) and higher than that in coverslip group ( p < 0. 05 ), which cell number was ( 1. 04 0. 21 ) 105. after 6h and 12h biotiegen could not promote cell adhesion, and cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase ( alp ) activity were not promoted dramatically during 9 days. ( 4 ) cell adhesion was promoted by fibronectin or collagen type i
G ） i型膠原、纖維粘連蛋白促進細胞增殖，細胞接種后3 、 6 、 gd三個檢測時間點，實驗組細胞均明顯高於對照組。與1型膠原相比，纖維粘連蛋白刺激作用更強。 ） i型膠原、纖維粘連蛋白尚能誘導mscs細胞向成骨細胞分化，不僅表達成骨細胞標志物ocn 、 alp 、 opnmrna ，而且堿性磷酸酶活性明顯增高，堿性磷酸酶及鈣結節7第四軍醫大學博士學位論文一染色均強陽性， i型膠原組mscs細胞堿性磷酸酶活性較fn組更高，有顯著性差異；同時，兔疫組化染色表明，經纖維粘連蛋白作用的mscs1型膠原表達陽性。We also investigated the pathological changes of mouse liver, thymus and cerebrum cortex challenged by so2 inhalation by in vivo tests. we studied the apoptotic induction on mouse spleen cells and cytotoxicity of human embryo lung fibroblasts of so2 derivatives by in vitro tests. in vivo tests of sulfur dioxide inhalation showed : ( 1 ) effects on mouse lung of so2 challenge : we found no significant apoptotic changes induced by so2 inhalation but obvious pathological changes of lung with vacuolating of osmiophilic multilamellar bodies which maybe related with the decrease of surfacant and decrease of microvillus of type ii alveolar cells ; we also found thickening of part of basement lamina between type i alveolar cells and capillary endothelium cells which may inhibit the dispersion of oxygen and contribute to lung dysfunction
二氧化硫熏氣染毒的體內實驗結果表明，在本次實驗的濃度范圍內（ 56mg m ~ 3 、 112mg m ~ 3 、 168mg m ~ 3低、中、高三個濃度） ： （ 1 ）通過透射電鏡、 dna凝膠電泳分析和流式細胞分析發現二氧化硫吸入染毒一周對小鼠肺臟沒有明顯的凋亡誘導作用，但通過透射電鏡觀察發現二氧化硫可引起肺臟明顯的超微結構改變，引起型肺泡上皮細胞板層體空泡化，微絨毛減少，線粒體緻密化或腫脹變性；肺泡血管內皮細胞和型肺泡上皮細胞之間基膜增厚，使氧氣彌散功能出現障礙，從而降低肺功能。Rubber tree ( hevea brasiliensis ) is an important economic woody - crop in tropical areas. its latex is the unique source of crude rubber used in current industry. because of its special and important use, the rubber tree has been extensively planted in tropical areas. increase production is always the main target in rubber tree cultivation. since the ethrel was applied in increasing latex production in 1968 for the first time as a chemical stimulant, not only the latex production had been increased largely, but also a new set of rubber tapping system had been established, leading to a series of economic benefit. owing to ethrel " s extensive application, its side effects had been found more and more obviously, such as tapping dry, speeding up senescence, shortening the life span of rubber tree etc. in order to overcome the side effects and increase production more availably, for a long time, people had carried out lots of research work on cell level, membrane level, physiology and biochemistry of laticifer contents. but the mech anism why ethrel increased latex production was not yet understood completely. this study had cloned the ethylene receptor gene ( efrl ) from rubber tree, and researched the relationship between etrl expression in laticifers and ethrel stimulation on transcription level and protein translation level. the results were as follows : 1
但是，由於乙烯利應用的普及，乙烯利刺激割膠引起橡膠樹發生死皮病及加速膠樹衰老，縮短膠樹壽命等副作用也越來越明顯。為了克服這些副作用，使乙烯利能更有效地刺激增產，長期以來，人們在細胞水平、膜水平和乳管細胞內含物的生理生化層面上進行了大量的研究，但仍未完全了解乙烯對膠樹的作用機制。本研究從分子水平入手，克隆橡膠樹的乙烯受體基因（ etr1 ） ，並在轉錄水平和蛋白質翻譯水平上研究etr1基因在乳管細胞中的表達及與乙烯刺激的關系，取得了以下結果： 1Abstract : according to the composition, the thermal - water sedimentary rocks of yinmin formation in the dongchuang copper ore field can be divided into nine types, of which skarnoid, cupric magnetite carbonate, paracontemporaneous breccia formed in thermal water processing are confirmed and named in this study
文摘:東川銅礦田因民組熱水沉積巖根據主要成分可分為9大類，其中類夕卡巖、含銅磁鐵碳酸鹽巖、熱水膠結準同生角礫巖為本次研究確定和命名，其礦物組合、微量元素、稀土元素等地球化學特徵表明：它們是海底火山噴流沉積作用的產物。With the very low water to cement ratio, rpc has ultra - high strength high ductility and low permeability. in this paper, the compressive strength of rpc can reach to a high point with the number approximately 135mpa. as illustrated from the study results, we can approve some fundamental conclusions : there are big effects on rpc with deferent kinds and properties of raw materials and deferent curing conditions ; stress - strain curve shows the process of destroy with rpc samples ; x - ray diffraction analysis indicates that heat treatment at temperatures 90 accelerate the hydration of rpc sharply, therefore, mechanical and microstructural properties of rpc are highly dependent on heat treatment ; it is believed that rpc materials have excellent resistance to chloride permeability ; during the heat treatment, the shrinkage of rpc developed quickly because of chemical reactions ; the rpc with slag mostly has the advantage of rpc without slag about resistance to solutions corrosion
研究結果表明：通過對rpc各組分摻量變化的研究，可以找到rpc的最優配合比；試件成型后的熱養護制度對rpc的性能影響巨大； rpc的抗壓應力?應變曲線可以反映出試件受破壞時微裂紋的擴展情況，剛纖維的摻入可以大幅改善rpc的韌性； rpc在成型后存在較大的收縮，而其中的化學收縮要遠遠大於乾燥收縮； rpc具有很強的抗氯離子滲透性能，漿體的密實度很高；通過x射線衍射實驗，可以發現rpc的膠凝體中ch晶體已經幾乎不存在，膠凝體主要由c - s - h凝膠和未水化水泥顆粒組成；在抗溶液侵蝕的實驗中，摻礦渣rpc的抗溶液侵蝕性能在絕大多數情況下要好於不摻礦渣試件，酸、堿溶液和浙江工業大學碩士學位論文摘要一些鹽溶液都會對rpc的結構產生侵蝕作用，但是機理各有不同。Citric acid, taking the place of hno3, solutes the substance which does not solute in solution, and it acts as the ligand of metallic ionic and the hydrolysis catalyst of si ( oc2h5 ) 4, which reduces the pollution caused by no2 which forms at the decompose process of the hot treatment. by changing the means of calcine of the drier gel, choosing the suitable temperature to burn the gel, the high temperature calcine time is shorted, which solves the question of the long period calcine. so the preparation process of the matrix and composite was finished by using more lower temperature than the traditional solid state reaction and more shorter time than the traditional sol - gel process
結果使基質和復合物的制備在比傳統的固相反應法低得多的溫度下和比常規的溶膠凝膠法短得多的時間里完成；五、對基質及復合物的干凝膠、粉體和燒結體進行了ir 、 dta 、 xrd 、 seni及交流阻抗譜表徵，研究結果表明：在溶膠向凝膠的轉化過程中同時存在著正硅酸乙酯自身的聚合作用和檸檬酸鹽絡合物之間的聚合作用：干凝膠向產物粉體的轉化在400600c之間進行；基質li 。As one of the most important discussions in this paper, the theoretic discourse of vegetable - gum drilling fluids includes the following information : analyzing the physical and chemical properties of vegetable gums to show their workability and superiority in geological drilling materials ; synthetic high polymers and base modifiers, or coupling agents, which are indispensable for vegetable - gum drilling fluids, can optimize their behaviours. the modifying mechanism of these constituents is also presented as the references for the coming laboratory tests
本文首先通過對植物膠物理性質和化學性質的探討，從物質理論上證明植物膠沖洗液用於地質鉆探的可行性和優越性；隨后，又分析證明了合成高分子聚合物和堿激發（或偶聯劑）的改性處理方案是植物膠沖洗液研究必不可少的技術路線，兩者對于植物膠沖洗液性能的優化起著至關重要的作用，本文還就它們對于植物膠液的改性機理做了詳細的探討。To investigate the space / time distributions and occurrence and evolution of such events, the diffusion pattern over deserts, turbulent transfer features in sandstorm weather, the particle size distribution, mass concentration and its distribution, optic properties, chemical composition and physical factors responsible for the initiation of raising sands, we made integrative observation and sounding of sandstorms deep in the large - scale desert area, including tengri, badanjilin and maowusu, with the items consisting of micrometeorological measurement, 3d wind observation, data from kb - 120 and anderson samplers of mass concentrations of sands with their spectrum, the distribution of aerodynamic particle sizes from the aps3310a, retrieval of aerosols " optic depth from sunphotometer data, assay of the chemical composition by means of neutron activiation analysis ( naa ) and integrated study of all related factors for causing sandstorm to occur, based on the observations of all kinds
利用所取資料，系統分析了不同強度沙塵天氣條件下沙塵氣溶膠質量濃度和質量濃度譜、粒子譜分佈、光學厚度、化學組分等特徵；綜合分析了影響沙塵起動的諸物理因子在沙塵起動中的作用；用沙塵輸送模式對一次沙塵暴天氣造成的泥雨過程的形成機制進行了模擬。歷史氣象資料統計分析表明，沙塵暴有其高發期（ 4 、 5月）和高發時段（ 14 - 20時） ， 14時到20時之間發生的沙塵暴約占沙塵暴總次數的66 。揚沙和沙塵暴天氣條件下，湍流動量通量和湍流感熱通量都是重要的湍流交換，沙塵暴發生前近地層的超絕熱不穩定對沙塵暴天氣有加強作用。Many cell culture and animal experiments have been conducted to investigate the efficacy of these botanical compounds, however, indicating the potential for many beneficial effects such as increased collagen expression, improved antioxidant activity, accelerated healing and enhanced hydration
雖然進行了許多考察這些植物化合物的有效性的細胞培養試驗和動物試驗，但僅表明他們具有一些潛在的治療作用，諸如促進膠原表達，提高抗氧化劑的活性，促進愈合以及增強水和作用。Through the research of the tension in vivo, the immediate retraction rate and histology examination about the different ways and different maintaining, we get : the increase area of the rapid and conventional expansion has little difference with the expanded time ; however it has significant difference with the maintaining time. it shows that shortening the expanded time is feasible in clinic, but shortening the maintaining time is out of the question ; after the capsule is removed, immediate retraction rate of the expanded skin notably decreased, significantly different from those with intact capsule ; the collagen content of the rapid expansion is just the same as the conventional expansion, but the changes of the histology dependences on the maintaining time. comparison with conventional expansion, rapid expansion has no significant drawback ; maintaining a period after expansion can greatly increase the area of expanded skin and reduce immediate retraction
通過對不同擴張期、不同方式和不同維持期對擴張皮膚的在體張力、即時回縮和皮膚組織學的研究，得到：快速擴張和常規擴張最後獲取的皮瓣，面北京工業大學工學博士學位論文一積增加差別不大；擴張皮膚的面積增加和張力下降與維持期的長短有關；而與擴張期的長短關系不大，說明在皮膚擴張術中可以縮短注水時間，但是維持時間不能縮短；擴張皮膚去除包膜后的即時回縮率下降，與未去除包膜的相比較有明顯差異；快速擴張皮膚的膠原含量變化與常規擴張的基本一致，擴張皮膚的組織學變化與維持期的關系較為密切，與擴張方式關系不大；快速擴張和常規擴張相比，快速擴張沒有明顯的破壞作用；擴張結束后，維持一段時間，能有效的提高擴張面積且能有效地減少回縮。When exciting at 1064nm, the fluorescence of the crystal violet ( cv ) in the cv - au sol system will be quenched rapidly and meanwhile its raman signals will also be enhanced at least 105. after addition of some drops hno3 ( 1 + 10 - 2m ), due to the chemical interaction between some cv molecules and hno3, some hcv derivatives will be formed. compared with cv, hcv can be adsorbed on metal surface more easily and tightly so there is some extra enhancement in this condition
結果表明，結晶紫分子?金膠體系中結晶紫分子在1064nm近紅外光激發條件下，其熒光得以大大淬滅，同時拉曼得到了至少不低於10 ~ 5倍的增強；當進一步加入硝酸使得其處于酸性氣氛下時，由於部分結晶紫分子與硝酸發生了化學作用形成了結晶紫分子的單替代衍生物（ hcv ） ，而hcv與結晶紫分子相比，更容易吸附在金屬表面，因此結晶紫分子nir - sers還將有很大的增強。The effect of photographic gelatin in silver halide sensitive emulsion
照相明膠在鹵化銀感光乳劑中的作用However, the die attach layer delaminated after 500 cycles and pcb cracked in the underfilled samples after long time cycling. c - sam is employed to investigate the delamination in the underfilled samples. highly concentrated stress - strain induced by the cte mismatch between the bga component and the pcb board, coarsened grain and two kinds of intermetallic compounds ( nisn / nisns ) which formed during reflow and thermal cycle and their impact on the reliability of solder joints are discussed in this paper
充膠樣品粗化尤為嚴重； ? ni - sn金屬間化合物包括兩層：其中，靠近ni焊盤的那層比較平整，同時， eds結果分析表明其化學式近似為nisn ，而靠近焊料的那層呈板條狀，化學式近似為nisn _ 3 ，文獻表明其為亞穩相； ?充膠使得樣品最大應力范圍降了接近一個數量級並降低了dnp的作用，同時，器件失效模式變為晶元粘接層分層； ? c - sam結果表明本論文採用的充膠樣品，晶元粘接層分層起始於500周左右，而經過2700周循環的樣品，分層幾乎擴展到整個界面。As the content of vermiculite minerals increased, the content of the " intercalated " shape, in which crystal gallery breadth was about of 40nm, also increased. in the curing reaction processing of polybenzoxazine / vermiculite hybrid nanocomposites intercalated with bisphenol a type precursor. according to the content of vermiculite minerals, while different shape of crystal was forming, these crystals were retarding the heat ring - opening polymerization of bisphenol a type precursors in the nanocomposites
通過對雙酚a型ben蛭石納米插層物固化過程的分析：不同蛭石含量的插層物，在形成不同納米分散狀態固化結構的過程中，蛭石晶片對雙酚a型ben的熱開環聚合有明顯不同的阻礙作用，蛭石含量為3的插層物160的凝膠化時間較純樹脂的延長約7min ，活化能高約8kj mol ，固化反應熱晗低約14j g ，使得固化物的固化程度較純樹脂低約10 ，阻礙作用最大，其它含量的次之。It has been confirmed that np30 has sensitizing effect on formation of hepatic egg granulomas in mouse model for hepatic egg granuloma of schistosoma japonicum ; immunization with np30 in kunming mice, c57bl / 6 mice and goats obtained worm reduction of 50. 46 %, 41. 67 % and 42. 78 %, respectively. np30 possesses effects of both anti - fecundity and anti - embryonation immunity on female worms of s. japonicum. moreover, np30 plays a significant down - modulatory role to hepatic granuloma and fibrosis ( the diameter, area and volume of egg granuloma were all significantly less than those of control ; the contents of type i, iii of collagen and fibronectin were also significantly less than those of control )
已對np30分子進行了較為廣泛的研究，應用小鼠日本血吸蟲肝肉芽腫模型證實np30對蟲卵肉芽腫的形成具有致敏作用；對感染宿主（昆明種小鼠、 c57bl / 6小鼠和山羊）具有較好的免疫保護作用（減蟲率分別為50 . 46 、 41 . 67和42 . 78 ） ；用np30主動免疫小鼠具有抗雌蟲生殖產卵和抗卵胚發育的雙重功效；另外，還對血吸蟲病肉芽腫和肝纖維化有明顯的負調節作用（蟲卵肉芽腫的直徑、面積和體積均明顯小於對照組，肝組織、型膠原及纖維連接蛋白含量均低於對照組） 。( 7 ) in order to establish a feeeder - free system in porcine eg culture, we put pgcs on sto feeder layer, on sto extracellular matrix or on 0. 1 % gelatin in brl - cm, and the results showed that when pgcs cultured on sto feeder, the brl - cm had a positive effect on keeping the undifferent state of eg colonies
（ 7 ）對非飼養層培養系統培養豬pgc進行了初步探索。實驗結果證明，以sto為飼養層，培養液中加條件培養基對豬eg細胞保持不分化狀態有積極作用，但培養板底鋪有sto基質或明膠，即使用條件培養基也沒有獲得典型的eg集落。分享友人