時間成本估計 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shíjiānchéngběngūjì]
時間成本估計 英文
time cost estimates
  • 時 : shí］Ⅰ名1 （比較長的一段時間）time; times; days:當時at that time; in those days; 古時 ancient tim...
  • 間 : 間Ⅰ名詞1 （中間） between; among 2 （一定的空間或時間里） with a definite time or space 3 （一間...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 估 : 估構詞成分。
  • 計 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算） count; compute; calculate; number 2 （設想; 打算） plan; plot Ⅱ名詞1 （測量或計算...
  • 時間 : time; hour; 北京時間十九點整19 hours beijing time; 上課時間school hours; 時間與空間 time and spac...
  • 估計 : estimate; evaluate; take stock of; size up; calculate; appraise; reckon; estimation; forecast
  1. One is the evt - based var model ( including gev model and gpd model ), the other is the quantile regression var model. secondly, i evaluate predictive performance of a selection of var models for chinese stock market data. these var models include riskmetrics method, historical simulation, monte carlo method, and the three recent models based on quantile regression and extreme value theory

    本文首先重點探討了極值分佈var模型（包括廣義極值分佈和廣義帕雷托分佈兩個模型）和分位數回歸var模型；然後在此基礎上將六個var模型（包括上述三種模型、歷史模擬法、 riskmetrics方法以及蒙特卡洛法）實證應用於估計上證指數、上證180 、深證成指、深證綜指95 var和99 var ；同時採用區間預測法、損失函數法和符號檢驗法對這些var模型進行了選擇評估。
  2. With deepens unceasingly to the credit risk cognition degree in our country banking, credit risk assessment method also is continually improved and enhanced, the corresponding credit management system is also consummated day by day. according to our country economic environment evolution, in this article we will divide our country banking industry credit system transformation into three stages : the planned economy time, planed the commodity economy time and the market economy time

    本文首先從我國銀行業信貸體制改革的三個階段，即計劃經濟時代、有計劃的商品經濟時代和市場經濟時代，按照時間的脈絡研究銀行貸款評價方法的演進過程入手，隨著對信貸風險認識度的不斷加深，信貸管理體制不斷完善，從無風險意識到粗放型的風險度測演算法，再到目前圍繞不同企業的不同特點進行差異化評估，信貸風險評價方法也日趨成熟。
  3. The future wireless mobile communication systems are expected to provide ubiquitous, high - quality, and high - rate mobile multimedia transmission. however, hostile multipath fading radio conditions give rise to serious inter - symbol interference ( isi ) ; even worse, wireless channel are often time varying, which makes the system more vulnerable and more difficult to track the channel state. orthogonal frequency dvision multiplexing ( ofdm ), which is inherently resistant against isi, has invoked a popular research interest in recent years, and has been a promising candidate technology of the physical layer for future weideband high - date - rate wireless communications. notwithstanding, ofdm is much more vulnerable to errors of both time and frequency synchronization and to that of channel estimation, and how to obtain correct timing and channel estimation efficiently is highly critical to ofdm systems. the dissertation will focus on both of the aspects of ofdm systems mentioned above

    但是無線環境的多徑特性造成通信系統中嚴重的符號間干擾，同時無線通道的時變性使得通道特性跟蹤復雜。而正交頻分復用技術（ orthogonalfrequencydivisionmultiplexing ， ofdm ）正是一種解決符號間干擾的有效傳輸手段，因此ofdm技術作為未來寬帶高速率無線通信的物理層候選技術在當前引起了一股研究熱潮。但ofdm系統對定時同步誤差和通道估計誤差非常敏感，如何在ofdm系統中準確快速地實現符號同步和通道估計是至關重要的，本論文將重點針對這兩個問題進行討論。
  4. In this paper, we use fft beam - - form technique to increase the number of beams and bearing deviation indicator ( bdi ) and sp1 it - - aperture corre1ation a1gorithms are used to estimate the time of arrival ( t0a ) and direction of arriva1 ( d0a )

    本文在分析借鑒國外資料的基礎上，研究了利用fft波束形成技術來增加波束形成數目，並應用bdi演算法和分裂孔徑相關法來完成對海底回波信號的時間和方向的聯合估計等相關技術對海試數據進行處理。
  5. Estimates production times, and related costs to provide information for management decisions

    估計生產時間、相關成本等信息提供給管理層參考決斷。
  6. In the first year alone, the cost of the time saved is estimated to be 2. 2 billion. over its 40 - year life span, the net benefit will accrue to a significant sum of 122 billion. the need for the project is clear and present

    假設中環灣仔繞道可運作四十年，落成后首年所節省的時間成本估計達二十二億，而最終可帶來約一千二百二十二億的凈效益。
  7. The economic benefits to be brought about by the cwb is significant. in the first year alone, the cost of the time saved is estimated to be $ 2. 2 billion. over its 40 - year life span, the net benefit will accrue to a significant sum of $ 122 billion

    假設中環灣仔繞道可運作四十年，落成后首年所節省的時間成本估計達二十二億，而最終可帶來約一千二百二十二億的凈效益。
  8. Aiming at the concrete need in srttep construction and embodying the managing theory of the combination of the prearranging programming and comprehensive control, the article proposes the cpm - based schedule operating program of srttep on the basis of the relationship among schedule program, cost and quality which thus realizes the close combination of schedule program and project control ; based on the comparative analysis of experience estimation method, factor estimation method, wbs estimation method and comparison estimation method, the cost controlling strategy is worked out that attaches importance to the srttep cost budget and market economy situation. meanwhile, comprehensive quality management theory is introduced in the project " s schedule program. aiming at subsidiary project bidding, equipment purchase, essential quality inspection, detailed quality insurance system and rules are worked out so as to achieve the goal of high - quality construction of srttep

    （ 3 ）針對川塔項目施工建設具體需要，在充分體現項目事前規劃與全面控制相結合管理思想和所進行的項目wbs結構分解基礎上，基於項目進度? ?費用成本? ?質量三者之間的關系，提出了基於cpm關鍵路線法的川塔項目進度計劃制定方案，實現了進度規劃與控制的緊密結合；在對比分析經驗估演算法、因素估演算法、 wbs估演算法、類比估算等方法和技術基礎上，制定了側重於預算的川塔項目成本基本規劃方法，以及結合市場經濟情況的成本控制策略；同時將全面質量管理思想，引入了項目施工方案中，針對子項目招標、設備采購、重點質量監控點等設立了詳細的質量保障機制和細則，以確保達到工程優質建設的目標。
  9. But foreclosure istime - consuming and expensive, taking 18 months on average and costing anestimated 20 - 25 % of the loan balance

    收回房產即耗時又代價昂貴，它平均需要18個月的時間而且估計需要大約為貸款額20 - 25 %的成本。
  10. Business valuation based on modern economy is one of the most difficult and comprehensive professional work in asset appraisal, but also stands for the trend of the appraisal. as china implemented planned economy all the long in the past years, the concept of business value was proposed later than other advanced countries. the study on the theory and method of business valuation we made is relatively backward. all these lead to that we merely use cost method in practice. with the improvement of market economy, the validity of cost method is challenged. hunting for appraisal methods suitable for china circumstance has become more and more urgent. this thesis presents its own opinion on the adjustment of the basic frame of theory of business valuation. for the first time, it puts systems theory into the study of the theory base, and believes that the enterprise as a compound entity has higher efficiency than the sum of its constituent, and then proposes new appraisal assumption. aiming at the obscure understan ding, it analyses a group of conception related to business valuation. after giving a whole analysis and study, this thesis indicates the income approach which emphasizes earning - capacity of a enterprise should become the correct choice of china, and makes a further study on the origin - features and feasibility of this method

    植根于現代經濟的企業價值評估是資產評估中綜合性最強，技術難度最高的業務之一，也是評估業未來的發展方向，由於我國過去長期實行計劃經濟體制，企業價值概念的提出和運用時間較晚，缺少現代經營理念的積累，企業價值評估的理論與方法的研究比較滯后。本文試圖以理性分析和案例分析相結合的方法，系統研究和分析企業價值評估的基礎理論及其現實條件下，適應我國經濟發展的評估方法，以期為構建有中國特色的企業價值評估理論和方法體系做一些有益的探索。文章以企業價值評估的基本概念為起點，在對眾多關于企業性質的學說和理論觀點進行概括抽象的基礎上，指出了整體性、持續經營和盈利性是企業的重要特徵，依據企業的整體性運用系統方法闡明了企業的價值大於組成企業的單項資產價值之和，據此提出了反映企業價值評估特點的有機組合增殖假設；依據盈利性的特點，強調了企業價值評估的核心應為企業的獲利能力，而不是組建企業的成本；對企業價值、企業價值評估含義、特點的論述以及對相關概念的辨析表明了作者的個人觀點和文章的基本定位，而從評估目的入手劃分的以產權變動為目的的企業價值評估和以財務決策為目的的企業價值評估與企業價值評估的假設、評估核心共同決定了評估方法的選用。
  11. It simulates human ' s behavior in the process of conventional experiential quotation, and quantifies the useful information of a new die part and a series of correlative die samples accumulated in the foregone quotation experience by fuzzy membership, and then compares the similarity between the new part and the samples after computing their fuzzy level of approximation to find three of the most similar samples, based on which the producing cost of the new part is estimated by exponential - smoothing - method

    本文提出的模糊相似比較法和工時法相結合的模具報價方法，就是模擬傳統的經驗報價中人的報價行為過程，利用模糊理論中的模糊隸屬度來量化新工件與原有的在以往生產實際中積累的一系列相關模具樣本的有用信息，計算它們之間的模糊貼近度，進行相似度比較，找出與新工件最相似的三個模具樣本，在此基礎上利用預測技術中的指數平滑法估算出新工件的生產成本。
  12. To conclude from the given examples, each model, after spending little time on training themselves from sample data, could assess the damage degree for existing bridges using trained weighted values and thresholds

    實例計算表明，各網路模型花費很少的時間完成對樣本的訓練后，便可利用訓練好的隱含層權值與閾值對實際橋梁進行評估。
  13. In the process of building and using the mass concrete structures, because of the effect of out - side condition and themselves, some faults will form in the structure, these faults will effect the bearing capability and endurance using nondestructive testing method to test the concrete ' s quality and diagnose its healthy, which has the significant sense in assessing the safety stability and research of the administering diseases this dissertation mostly researched the testing methods in the mass concrete structure, discussed the principles, methods, features, sphere of application of the ultrasonic testing in the mass concrete structure with faults, used dynamic fem to simulate the testing process, discussed when the concrete structure with cracks is under the effect of the pulse, how the elastic waves propagate and what are their changing feature, researched the principles of the first - arriving waves " phase when the cracks " depths are not same, obtained the relation between the inversion point and the cracks " depth, which has the direction sense in the application of projects, the second part of this dissertation is ct, which used the ultrasonic wave running through the tested - substance to get arriving - time of the ultrasonic wave, then inverse the image this dissertation drawed one ct program which can well present the different little cells " ultrasonic wave velocity profiles of the substance, thereby to diagnose the quality of the part of the tested - substance, ct has the better using foreground.

    在混凝土結構的施工及使用過程中，由於受其自身及外界各種因素的影響，常常會產生一些缺陷，對結構物的承載能力和耐久性造成嚴重影響，採用無損檢測技術進行質量檢測和健康診斷，這對混凝土結構開展安全、穩定性評估以及病害隱患治理研究具有重要意義。本論文主要針對大體積混凝土結構缺陷的檢測方法展開研究工作，重點討論了超聲波法檢測混凝土結構裂縫的基本原理和方法及其特點、適用范圍，運用動力有限元數值模擬其檢測過程，探討了有裂縫缺陷的混凝土結構在脈沖荷載作用下彈性波的傳播及其變化特徵，研究了不同裂縫深度下首波相位變化規律，得出了反轉臨界點與裂縫深度之間的關系，這對實際工程應用具有指導意義。聲波ct是一種新的無損檢測技術，它是利用聲波穿透被檢測體獲取聲波接收時間，來進行計算機反演成像的技術。
  14. This research contains the tourism destination market structure, ecologic environment carry capacity of tourism area, long time series water resource and tourists amount, discussing several questions as bellowing : ( 1 ) seeking another tourism destination for instead to decrease the tourism pressure in over loaded destination ( 2 ) calculate environment quality level to optimize tourism planning distribution ( 3 ) estimate the varies trends of tourism destination water resource carry capacity and tourists amount in recent 10 years and give a forecast this research include the principal part of tourism, which is the tourists and tourists amount, mentioned in tourism surrounding carry capacity ; include the sustain part of tourism, which is the nature environment, mentioned in sewage acceptance ability. both the tourism market and tourism planning are considered to enhance environment carry capacity, and dynamic varies in water resources and tourist amount are researched though the long time series seasonal adjusting

    本論文主要從旅遊目的地市場組成、旅遊地自然生態環境承載力、長時間序列的旅遊地水資源和遊客量入手，分析討論以下幾個問題: （ 1 ）通過尋找替代旅遊目的地的方法，減小超載旅遊目的地旅遊環境壓力（ 2 ）計算環境質量水平，優化旅遊規劃分區（ 3 ）評估與預測旅遊地水資源承載力及多年遊客量的變化規律論文研究切入點既包括作為旅遊主體? ?遊客與遊客量，涉及游覽環境承載力方面，又從旅遊發展的載體? ?自然環境入手，涉及自然環境納污力方面;從旅遊市場和旅遊規劃兩方面考慮提高環境承載力的方法;並通過季節調整反映長時間序列水環境和遊客量的變化規律，對旅遊環境承載力的動態變化給予研究。
  15. By analyzing the design principle, the paper devised an image source signal alternated with black and white strip and it has a good effect. meanwhile, the system demand of imaging link was analyzed, such as light source, lens and camera etc. in addition, the principles of both the correlation algorithm and generalized correlation time delay estimation based on adaptive technology were studied, and a comparison between them was made as well

    本文中分析了圖像源信號的設計原則，並設計了一種黑白相間的傾斜條紋圖案作為圖像源信號，獲得了良好的測量效果;分析了測量系統對光源、鏡頭、相機等成像環節的要求;研究了相關演算法和基於自適應技術的廣義相關時延估計法兩種數據處理演算法的原理，並對兩種方法的性能進行了比較。
  16. First, the standard errors computed under the assumptionthat the error term is independent identical distribution will be biased. second, theassumption of independence is unlikely to satisfied. in the panel data analysis modelwith hierarchical structure, hierarchical effects, nested effects, time effects are seted. then the dissertation deduced parameter estimation and hypothesis test statistic andits probability distribution and analyze the hierarchical panel data set : eastern china, central china and western china are the top level, and the prc ’ s province, cities, and autonomous regions are bottom level

    然後針對目前面板數據分析過程中存在的兩方面問題，即一方面在利用面板數據模型進行分析時，標準誤差的計算是基於誤差項相互獨立並且同分佈的假設，如果誤差項是相關的將會造成估計有偏的後果;另一方面關于獨立性這一假設本身就難以滿足;提出多層嵌套面板數據模型，設定了層效應、嵌套效應以及時間效應參數，研究了多層嵌套模型的參數估計量和假設檢驗統計量及其分佈。
  17. This paper takes the example for hulunbeier league, uses qualitative and quantitative methods, probes the following problems : estimation and disposal on investment cost and running expenses of grassland construction investment project estimation of project earnings principles of project borrowings and appliances of financial appraisal indexes and financial statements. based on the above research, conclusions are as following : if previous project period is longer than that of milti - year increment herbage, fixed investment must be considered which is resulted from renewed herbage when cost is estimated ; changes of period of operating cost resulted from renewed herbage and output changes must be considered when cost being estimated ; periodical output changes of herbage not only lead to cost changes, but also changes in project incremental income and relative cost indirectly ; devising suitable project borrowings is beneficial to favorable implementation on every project ; aiming for the characters of grassland construction investment project, selecting practicable financial appraisal statements and financial indexes can make calculating of financial beneficial of grassland construction project scientifically

    本文的研究主要以呼倫貝爾盟草地建設項目為例，基於案例進行定量和比較分析，探討草地建設項目在投資成本和營運成本的估價和處理、項目收益的估價、項目籌資方案的確定原則和項目財務評價指標與評價報表應用方面的特殊問題，得出如下結論：必須在成本估價時考慮牧草的更新所導致的固定投資；在進行成本估價時必須考慮由於牧草的更新和產出變化所導致的經營成本周期性的不同；多年生牧草在產出上的周期性變化不僅會導致成本上發生變化，也會導致項目新增收入的變化和與收入相關的成本間接發生變化；設計合情合理的籌資方案，有利於保證項目中的每一個子項目順利執行；針對草地建設投資項目的特點，選擇適用的財務評價報表和財務評價指標才能更科學地測算草地建設項目的財務效益。
  18. The researches on how to estimate cost during design stage are important because the cost is becoming the key factor between time, cost and quality which determine the competitive performance of products

    以最低成本，在最短時間內生產出高質量的產品已成為製造企業競爭的焦點，其中成本已成為決定產品競爭力的核心因素，研究在產品設計階段如何進行成本估算具有重要意義。
  19. At last, the heart beating speed and blood pressure of taxi drivers and the response time are measured after the vibration duration is 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 hours. the phenomena that response time is longer and longer, the rate of heart beating is faster and faster and blood pressure raises firstly and then decreases are founded. the drivers will suffer from fatigue in about 8 hours

    最後，本論文在國內外首次對出租車駕駛員工作0 、 2 、 4 、 6 、 8 、 10小時后的心跳速度和血壓這兩個生理指標及反應時間進行了測量，並發現隨著工作時間的增加，出租車駕駛員的反應時間逐漸加長，心跳速度逐漸增加，駕駛員的血壓先增加后降低;發現出租車駕駛員大概在工作8小時之後疲勞，與駕駛員的主觀感覺完全吻合;通過計算，職業駕駛員疲勞時對應的估計振動劑量值為: 11 . 12ms - 1 . 75 ，依此可以將此研究成果推廣到其他類似出租車駕駛員的職業駕駛員的疲勞判別中，從而可以制定出更合理的作業時間。
  20. How to estimate m ( x ) from the samples { ( xi, y, ) } has been one of the most importement things in probability and statistics

    如何由上述n個樣本對m （ x ）進行估計，一段時間成了概率、統計界研究的熱點之一。
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