最低價格定價 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zuìdījiàgédìngjià]
最低價格定價
英文
penetration pricing-
It is extremely difficult to judge how floor prices are to be set.
很難判斷應如何制定最低價格。Finally, we find that in price competition, collective negotiation among all trading countries is the best mode of policy - making for global welfare ; but in quantity competition, the importing countries ' global welfare reaches its optimum when the high - quality country acts as the policy - making leader
最後我們得證，在價格競爭時，進口國與全世界的福利在進出口國可以共同協商時的水平最高，而高質量產品出口國福利則在只有出口國參與協商時最高；而在數量競爭時，高低質量產品出口國的福利狀況與價格競爭類似，但是進口國及世界總福利則以政策制定有先後之別時的福利水平最高。According to the japanese experience and in consideration of china ' s actual conditions of cocoon and silk sector, the pricing model should be complemented by commodity reserves and floor price system so as to promote the healthy development of the sector
借鑒日本的經驗，結合我國繭絲綢業的生產實際，文章提出了蠶繭價格主要由市場需求自動調節，同時建立儲備制度和最低限價措施以穩定市場價格、促進行業健康發展的定價模式。When market - adjusted commodity prices undergo sharp rises or falls, the commodity price departments may set a maximum and minimum reserve price for fixed commodities for a certain period of time and may implement a price rise application system
在市場調節價格出現暴漲暴落時，物價部門可以在一定時期內對部分商品價格規定最高限價、最低保護價和提價申報制度。Shaoxing hotels : accomodation in selected hotels in shaoxing and surroundings, tourist information and hotel reservation in zhejiang province, hot offers to shaoxing resorts, lowest prices guaranted from pekinghotels
紹興酒店預訂，預定紹興賓館，紹興酒店查詢，紹興酒店賓館介紹資料打折資訊，紹興酒店賓館最新最優惠的價格，免費預訂紹興酒店，我們擁有從低廉的一星級涉外酒店到五星級的豪華賓館供您選擇。The main conclusions read as follows : ( 1 ) on the premise of stabling the land contract right, the land use right could be transferred, in order to make better use of land ; ( 2 ) propose considering the net profit of land and farmer ' s minimum living guarantee synthetically to make the price standard of land, drawing up the fee of tlur according to the difference between the net profit of land and the contract fee, and perfecting the land grades system additionally ; ( 3 ) to reduce the transaction costs of land transference, we should establish and perfect the medium mechanism of land transference ; ( 4 ) to affect the institutional changes positively, government should do a good job of macro - control, and optimize the institution environment continually
本文的主要結論是： （ 1 ）在穩定土地承包權的前提下，土地使用權應進行市場化流轉，實現農村土地的有效利用和適度規模經營； （ 2 ）建議綜合考慮土地純收益和農產最低生活保障來制訂土地價格標準，而土地使用權流轉費應根據土地純收益與集體承包費的差額來確定，另外必須健全土地分等定級制度； （ 3 ）為了降低土地流轉的交易費用，必須建立和規范土地交易中介機制； （ 4 ）做好宏觀調控工作，不斷優化制度環境，發揮政府在制度變遷中的積極作用。For example, the administratively monopolized access regulation that caused the upper section ( railway network operation ) and lower section ( the transportation businesses ) integrated ; the relatively closed investment mechanism that at first mainly depended on government allocation, then mainly relied on railway ' s building fund ; the price regulation that controls the right of price setting strictly and keeps a low price level for a long time ; the income distribution regulation that with its income and expense carried out in two separate ways ; finally, the regulation framework that with the roles wrongly arranged and with inadequate supervision and lagged legislation
由此可以看出，我國鐵路規制體制的計劃經濟痕跡非常明顯：在進入上，實行「上下一體」的行政性壟斷；在投資上，實行先以國家為主而後以鐵路建設基金為主的相對封閉的投資體制；在運價上，國家嚴格控制定價權，並長期以來保持低價位；在收益分配上，實行收支兩條線的清算制度；最後，在規制的組織架構方面，不僅角色錯位，而且缺乏監督，立法滯后。Dunhuang hotels : accomodation in selected hotels in dunhuang and surroundings, tourist information and hotel reservation in gansu province, hot offers to dunhuang resorts, lowest prices guaranted from pekinghotels
敦煌酒店預訂，預定敦煌賓館，敦煌酒店查詢，敦煌酒店賓館介紹資料打折資訊，敦煌酒店賓館最新最優惠的價格，免費預訂敦煌酒店，我們擁有從低廉的一星級涉外酒店到五星級的豪華賓館供您選擇。Get the main conclusion as follows : when producing advantage enterprises in horizontal merger, if the figure of leaders enterprise do n ' t equal to zero, the horizontal merger motive exists, and under certain condition, this kind of horizontal merger will increase the social total welfare, this is exactly the reason why horizontal merger gets support ; when horizontal merger does not produce advantage enterprises, the condition that the motive exists is extremely harsh, and this kind of merger rises the product price and reduce the social total welfare ; when the market is couront market, if merging side ' s production capacity after merge ca n ' t reach optimum in theories satisfied, so long as its production capacity exceed the sum of optimum output of merger participate, merge motive exists, and horizontal merger will increase the social total welfare rises ; when high - level enterprises merge low level enterprises, because merging side ca n ' t get profit or those do n ' t participate in merger get more profit than merging side, motive
得到主要結論如下:當橫向並購產生優勢企業時，原先市場的領導層企業數目不等於零時，橫向並購動機存在，而且在一定條件下，這種橫向並購會使社會福利增加，這正是橫向並購得到支持的原因所在;當橫向並購不產生上優勢企業時，動機存在的條件極為苛刻，基本上與不產生優勢企業的假設相違背，可以認為這種並購的動機不存在，而且這種並購導致產品價格上升，社會總福利降低;如果市場近似古諾競爭市場，並購后並購方生產能力不能滿足理論上的最優產量，只要其生產能力超過並購前參與並購各方的最優產量之和，那麼並購動機就會存在，而且橫向並購會導致產品價格下降，社會總福利上升;當處于高層次的企業並購低層次企業時，由於並購者不能獲利或者未參與並購者獲利增加比並購方多，並購動機不存在或者很微弱。Guilin hotels : accomodation in selected hotels in guilin and surroundings, tourist information and hotel reservation in guangxi province, hot offers to guilin resorts, lowest prices guaranted from pekinghotels
桂林酒店預訂，預定桂林賓館，桂林酒店查詢，桂林酒店賓館介紹資料打折資訊，桂林酒店賓館最新最優惠的價格，免費預訂桂林酒店，我們擁有從低廉的一星級涉外酒店到五星級的豪華賓館供您選擇。Because when compensating for, insurance company is the depreciation price according to insurance car, bill that buy a car par value and cast the minimum price that keeps amount to decide indemnity, so of pilfer rush to deal with an emergency keeping frontal new car and old car is different
由於保險公司在賠償的時候是根據保險車輛的折舊價、購車發票票面價格以及投保金額的最低價確定賠償金額的，所以盜搶險的保額新車和舊車是不同的。The land ordinance of 1785 reflected the prevalent conservative view that public land should be a major source of federal revenues
《 1785年土地法令》反映了較為盛行的保守主義觀點，即公共土地應成為政府的一個主要收入來源，有關最低購地面積、價格及購買條件的規定很苛刻。This paper makes use of the relevant theories of microeconomics, game theory and dynamic program to examine the dynamic pricing problem of a foreign firm that faces such an ad and administrative reviews policy on the condition that the foreign firm and the domestic firm are being at complete information and simultaneous determination, meanwhile analyzes factors affecting the foreign firm ' s product price in the export market ; and solve the theory problem of the dynamic pricing of export goods for our export firms, meanwhile conclude that our export firms and government should make it necessary to establish various guilds to unify and coordinate export price, export quantity and export areas
摘要運用微觀經濟學、博弈論及動態規劃等有關理論，探討了在國內外企業處于完全信息（即確定性）且同時決策的假設條件下，面對國內政府的反傾銷及行政復議，國外企業為實現其在國內市場上所獲取的利潤貼現值的總和達到最大化的動態定價問題，同時對影響出口產品的定價因素進行了簡要的分析；解決了我國出口企業出口產品的動態優化定價的理論問題，得出了我國出口企業、政府應從長遠的利益出發，建立各行業協會，避免各自為政、低價傾銷的被動局面，統一和協調各行業的出口價格、出口數量及出口地區等重要結論。The antitrust laws, however, give a manufacturer latitude to adopt a policy regarding a desired level of resale prices and to deal only with retailers who independently decide to follow that policy
反托拉斯法充許製造商在一定的價格浮動范圍內採用其所意願的最低轉售價格政策，及只與可獨立貫徹該政策的零售商交易。During buying through public bidding, sellers ' pricing strategy is " the highest price possible to win the tender ", which leaves little room for price cut under the thought of fluke
在招標采購中，賣方的定價心理是"在低價中標的同時爭取價格最高" ，在只有一次出價機會的投標過程中必然導致僥幸取勝的行為，從而使降價空間縮小State guided prices refer to commodity prices and service fee rates determined by enterprises within the guidelines prescribed by the commodity price departments and the competent departments of the various people ' s governments at county level and above in accordance with their area of jurisdiction as stipulated by the state, through the setting of a fundamental price fluctuation range, a rate differential, a profit rate, a ceiling price and a minimum reserve price
國家指導價是指由縣級以上各級人民政府物價部門、業務主管部門按照國家規定權限，通過規定基準價和浮動幅度、差率、利潤率、最高限價和最低保護價等，指導企業制定的商品價格和收費標準。The full color of led display system adopts nowadays the newest led technology and controlling theory which makes its price lower, capability more stable, power consumption lower, resolution degree of per unit area higher, the color more reality and enrich, electronic parts when composing system fewer, the rate of error reduces. full colors of indoor
全彩led顯示屏系統，採用了當今最新led技術和控制理論，使全彩色led顯示屏價格更低性能更穩定功耗更低單位面積解析度更高色彩更逼真豐富組成系統時電子組件更少使得故障率降低。On the other side, through the multi - aspects of research and the experience both from china and abroad on m & a, the article also clarifies its view on the efficiency theory, agency theory, transaction charges theory, value understatement theory, marketing influence theory and wealth reallocation theory. it also gives an explanation on the primitive motive on m & a, i. e. pursuing maximum profit and minimum competitive pressure, which, at the same time, generates the relevant effects : finance synergy, management synergy, market share effect, enterprise development effect, and strategy transit effect. the detail planning of a m & a strategy according to the relevant m & a motive is of critical importance to the success of a m & a operation
企業並購從橫向並購、縱向並購、發展到混合併購，反映了企業並購的發展過程；從多種角度對企業並購加以研究，並結合國內外企業並購的實際，闡述了企業並購的效率理論、代理理論、交易費用理論、價值低估理論、市場勢力理論、財富再分配理論；分析了企業並購的原始動因? ?追求高額利潤與減少競爭壓力，並由此產生的效應? ?財務協同效應、管理協同效應、市場份額效應、企業發展效應、戰略轉移效應；根據企業並購的動機，謹慎規劃企業並購戰略，對企業並購成功至關重要，可以採用中心多角化戰略、復合多角化戰略、垂直式整合戰略、水平式整合戰略來規劃企業並購；採用一個合適的方法對目標企業進行價值評估是企業並購中一個重要環節，正確評估目標企業的價值，使交易價格相對公正合理，並能提高交易成功率，避免決策失誤；確定企業並購價值后，採用一個合理的支付方式，就完成了企業並購的最後工作。Shenhua is seeking to price its shares at between hk $ 7. 25 and hk $ 9. 25 apiece, with analysts expecting the final price to be set at, or just below, the middle of that range
神華正尋求將其股票的發行價定在每股7 . 25港元至9 . 25港元之間，分析師預期，最終價格將被定在該區間的中間價，或略比中間價低一點。In 1841, a general preemption act, granted, to anyone settling on land that was surveyed but not yet available for sale, the right to purchase 160 acres at the minimum price
1841年通過了優先購買權法，允許在已測量但未出售的土地上的定居者以最低價格購買160英畝土地。分享友人