最大設計載荷 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zuìdàshèjìzǎihé]
最大設計載荷 英文
fully factored load
  • 最 : 副詞（表示某種屬性超過所有同類的人或事物） most; best; worst; first; very; least; above all; -est
  • 設 : Ⅰ動詞1 （設立; 布置） set up; establish; found 2 （籌劃） work out : 設計陷害 plot a frame up; fr...
  • 計 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算） count; compute; calculate; number 2 （設想; 打算） plan; plot Ⅱ名詞1 （測量或計算...
  • 載 : 載Ⅰ名詞（年） year : 一年半載 six to twelve months; six months to a year; 三年五載 three to five ...
  • 荷 : 荷名詞（蓮） lotus
  • 設計 : devise; project; plan; design; excogitation; layout; layout work; styling
  • 載荷 : load; loading載荷變化 load fluctuation; variation in load; 載荷裝置 load device
  1. Fist of all, on the basis of the research of agone boffins, this author investigates the interaction mechanism of bolts and rock, and introduces the elastic ? lastic analytical resolution which is consist of the liner structure, the equivalent reinforced wall rock and the original wall rock in the simple loading from the equivalent well - proportioned view ; this solution is very important meaning for the engineering design. on the basis of coulomb friction model, the author introduces the finite element equation of the contact problem in order to provide the academic foundation for the application of msc. marc. finally, combining the engineering practice of the non - linear analysis of shield tunnel through yellow river of the south - north water transfer and using the model of friction, the author researched the evolution law of stress and displacement field in the structure of grouted rock bolts, and analyzed the effect to the stress and deformation of surrounding rock mass due to anchor supports

    首先，在前人研究成果的基礎上，對錨桿與圍巖的相互作用機理進行研究，利用全長錨固錨桿的中性點理論，從等效均化的角度來考慮錨桿對圍巖的加固作用，並推導了在簡單荷載作用下，含有襯砌、等效加固后的圍巖、原始圍巖三者的彈塑性解析解，對工程設計有著重要的參考意義；在數值模擬方面，以考慮錨固圍巖滿足規則化庫侖摩擦模型為基礎，利用虛功原理推導了接觸問題的有限元方程的計算格式，為開發運用大型商用有限元軟體msc . marc提供了理論根據，也形成了本文的理論基礎：最後，論文以南水北調東線穿黃隧洞穩定性分析項目為工程實例，利用本文所述的接觸問題的摩擦模型理論，對錨桿支護結構的應力場、位移場的變化規律進行了研究，分析了加錨支護對隧洞圍巖應力、變形的影響。
  2. A granular material designed for maximum stability should possess high internal friction to resist deformation under load.

    為得到最大的穩定性而設計的顆粒材料應具有高內摩擦力而抵抗荷載下的變形。
  3. Choose two nodes on the edge of the structural to compare the results calculating by the finite element program midas, then we can draw a conclusion that these kinds of space truss systems is sensitive to the libration of the dynamic wind loads. to consider this factor is very necessary in the process of design, we will use the pulsant augmentation coefficient to realize it

    比較靜力風荷載和動力風荷載作用下的有限元軟體的計算結果，選取結構邊緣部分的兩個節點，對比它們在兩種方法計算下的最大位移的計算結果。經過比較可以看出重量輕、頻率低、阻尼小的柔性建築物對風荷載的橫向振動是很敏感的，在進行工程設計時應該考慮這種因素，並可採用乘以風振系數等相應方法來加以體現。
  4. In view of this situation this article has conducted research to the design of metallurgy auxiliary biography with the frequency conversion table electrical machinery first multianalysis to the frequency changer and the frequency conversion table electrical machinery movement characteristic is carried out, the voltage waveform harmonious which the frequency changer outputs is big, attacks in a big way, and the voltage climbing rate reaches as high as 6600v / mu s which is 20 times ordinary sine alternating voltage, the rolling mill auxiliary biography table set the extremely strict request to the electrical machinery ; its movement frequency is very low, rate frequency in 8 - 20hz ; the velocity modulation scope is wide, the lowest movement frequency lowers to 1hz, and the starting number of times is quite frequently, each hour reaches as high as 600 - 800 time, the impact shoulders in a big way, the overload capacity request is high

    針對這一情況本文對冶金輔傳用變頻輥道電機的設計進行了系統研究。首先對變頻器和變頻輥道電機的運行特性進行詳細分析，變頻器輸出的電壓波形諧波大，沖擊大，電壓上升率高達6600v / s ，是普通正弦交流電壓的20倍;軋機輔傳輥道對電機提出了十分嚴格的要求:其運行頻率很低，額定頻率在8 - 20hz ;調速范圍寬，最低運行頻率低到0 . 5hz ，起動次數相當頻繁，每小時高達600 - 800次，沖擊負荷大，過載能力要求較高。
  5. To meet the demands for large space and flexible compartmentation of buildings, laminated vierendeel trusses are adopted in high - position transfer story structures. first the bearing characteristics are analyzed, in which reasonable stiffness ratio of the upper chord, middle chord, and lower chord is derived. then combined with an actual engineering model ( 1 8 similar ratio ), the static loading and pseudo - dynamic tests of two models for laminated vierendeel truss used in transfer story structures are conducted, in which one model adopts reinforced concrete, and the other adopts prestressed concrete and shape steel concrete. seismic behaviors are analyzed, including inter - story displacement, base shear - displacement skeleton curves, and equivalent viscosity - damping curves. a program is programmed to carry out the elasto - plastic dynamic analysis, and displacement time - history curves of the two models are derived. the test and analysis results show that the laminated vierendeel truss with prestressed concrete and shape steel concrete has excellent seismic behaviors. it can solve the disadvantages of laminated vierendeel trusses used in transfer story structures. finally, some design suggestions are put forward, which can be referenced by similar engineering

    為滿足建築物大空間和靈活隔斷要求，在高位轉換層結構中採用迭層空腹桁架結構.首先分析了其受力性能，得出了空腹桁架各構件合理的截面剛度以及布局形式.然後結合一實際工程，進行了兩榀迭層空腹桁架轉換結構模型（ 1 : 8相似比）的豎向荷載下靜力試驗以及擬動力試驗.其中一榀為普通混凝土迭層空腹桁架，另一榀配置了預應力和鋼骨混凝土，對比分析了兩模型的層間位移比、骨架曲線以及等效粘質阻力系數等抗震性能的比較，並進行了彈塑性動力分析.試驗和分析結果表明，配置預應力和型鋼混凝土的迭層空腹桁架轉換結構具有良好的抗震性能，可以成功地解決迭層空腹桁架作為轉換層結構所產生的弊端問題，最後對這類轉換層結構提出了相應的設計建議
  6. Based on axle load spectrum, a method to calculate the maximum design load of asphalt pavements was first studied according to reliability theory

    並根據軸載譜，提出了按可靠度理論計算瀝青路面最大設計荷載的方法。
  7. Finally, a structural new radome is developed and the new radome is analyzed in strength under structural and thermal loads in missile flight. the results show that the new radome has a much improved structural reliability but with the connection design of the metal tip leaving much to be improved. this paper has a reference value for development of air - to - air missile radomes

    最後，在前面工作的基礎上，提交了一個新型導彈天線罩的結構設計方案，並對該新方案進行了導彈飛行中靜熱聯合載荷作用下的強度分析，結果表明，新方案結構可靠性有了較大的提高，但包括改進方案在內的雨蝕頭的連接設計存在一定不足及隱患。
  8. The retaining wall reclining on the slight slope built on soft foundation is usually used in protecting the shore of river, the contradiction between the lack of impartiality in stress of the base and the small stress allowed by the foundation as well as the lack of stabilization of the breast wall is a hard nut to crack in the engineering. in the paper, a tenon - base is added under the base of the retaining wall, on the study of the choice of the parameters and formulas used in calculation and the research of theory used in calculation, method used to deal with the load, etc, the writer gives a way to crack the nut mentioned above paragraphs and presents a qualitative and quantitative analysis about them, such as the equivalent inner friction - angle ( d ) and the passive press of the clay ( ep ), etc. in the end of the paper, using modern optimization method, a design of the retaining wall reclining on the slight slope built on soft foundation is done, the result is economical, and accords with the fact

    軟基上的仰斜式擋土墻在水利工程河道護岸中經常遇到，仰斜式擋土墻基底偏心應力較大和軟基土地基容許承載力偏小的矛盾以及擋土墻抗滑穩定不足是工程中難以解決的難題。本文在對仰斜式擋土墻設計中有關計算參數的選擇、公式的選用應該注意的問題進行了研究，對河道護岸軟基礎上的仰斜式擋土墻採用凸榫基礎處理的方法，就其計算理論、設計驗算中各荷載的具體處理方法進行了較為細致的研究，提出了解決軟基礎上的水工仰斜式擋土墻難以解決的難題的方法，並對有水情況下粘土等效內摩擦角_ d 、凸榫被動土壓力e _ p等在計算中的取值提出了定性和定量的分析。最後利用現代優化方法對軟基礎上的水工仰斜式擋土墻進行了結構優化設計，得出了符合實際的結果，與其它重力式擋土墻形式進行比較，取得了明顯的經濟效益。
  9. Presents the investigation of the heat conduction behavior, internal thermal stress field of specimen under thermal shock and microscopic damage and failure of the tungsten based composites by combination of macroscopic and microscopic analyses and integration of material science and mechanics ; describes a microscopic mechanical model based on the microstructure of components with macroscopic stress applied to the microscopic model as that of maximum principal stress at the center, and the fringe of the specimen, and the microscopic stress fields obtained through calculation by the finite element method, and concludes from test results that the maximum principal stress is first generated inside the test coupon, and a failure will be first initiated in the inclusion if the material fails at this time ; the maximum principal stress moves to the edge of the test coupon after the test coupon is heated for a period of time, and the failure will first be initiated in the base if the material fails at this time

    從材料設計的思想出發，採用宏觀與微觀、材料科學與力學相結合的方法，對鎢基復合材料的熱傳導行為、材料在熱沖擊載荷下的內部熱應力場及材料細觀結構的破壞行為進行了詳細的理論研究.根據鎢基復合材料的細觀組織結構建立了材料細觀模型.在宏觀分析的基礎上，分析了材料微結構內部的破壞行為.分別取試件心部與邊緣主應力值最大點的應力狀態，施加在所建立的模型上，用有限元方法計算了模型內部的彈性應力場.結果表明：試件主應力最大值首先產生在試件內部，此時，如果材料發生破壞將先從夾雜中開始；加熱一段時間后試件中的最大主應力值轉移到試件邊緣，此時材料發生破壞將先從基體中開始
  10. In this paper, the three level fortification criterion, two stage design method and the elastic response spectrum theory are adopted, and the program of nba ( the program of nonlinear - aseismic analysis for beam bridge ) is used to calculate. through gathering, analyzing and calculating a lot of bridge design materials, this paper induces a simple way to calculate the relative displacement of the beam and the pier, and then according to the current design method, it concludes a better design principle of the supporting length of the beams. at the same time the dynamics is adopted to put forward the design method of the carrying capacity and the lengthen of prestress wire ( steel bar ) falling - off prevention structures of highway bridges

    本論文採用三水準設防、兩階段設計方法、彈性反應譜計算理論，運用橋梁結構非線性地震響應分析程序nba （ theprogramofnonlinear ? aseismicanalysisforbeambridge ）進行計算；通過收集大量的實橋設計資料，經分析計算，歸納總結出計算上下部結構相對位移的簡便計算方法；並綜合國內外的經驗值，提出梁的支承長度se的設計原則；同時運用動力學突加荷載的原理，推導分析了預應力鋼絞線式（鋼棒連接式）落梁防止裝置設計承載力的計算方法和設計伸長量s _ f的取值；最後本文通過實橋計算，說明了落梁防止系統設計的方法。
  11. Regarding the rc beams subjected to concentrated load or even load and braced by bonding steel, an analysis is made on the relevant factors influencing maximum anchorage shear stress of steel sheet. the analysis is based on elastic theory and makes use of the formula for calculating anchorage shear stress of steel sheet. as indicated by the results, the maximum anchorage shear stress not only realtes to such parameters as height of cross section of rc beam and span but also relates to the thickness of adhesive layer, elastic modulus, thickness of steel sheet, and length of steel sheet. the present method will check maximum an chorage shear stress on the end of shear sheet so as to prevent rc beam from local damage. the present results will offer important reference for our country to further perfect bracing design by bonding steel method

    在彈性理論的基礎上，利用鋼板錨固剪應力計算公式，對在集中荷載或均布荷載作用下採用粘鋼加固的混凝土梁，分析鋼板錨固最大剪應力的有關影響因數.結果表明，最大錨固剪應力不但和混凝土梁的截面高度、跨度等參數有關，還和粘膠層厚度、彈性模量、鋼板厚度及鋼板長度有關.採用文中方法可以對鋼板端部最大錨固剪應力進行驗算，防止混凝土梁出現局部受拉破壞.研究結果為進一步完善我國粘鋼法加固設計提供重要的參考資料
  12. The static loading test for three group of testing piles of jiading power plant secend stage project are analyzed and studied in this thesis, and the practical applying of high - accurate data collector, technique of waterproof insulation and testing technique of burying in the body of pile are introduced also. the vertical and horizontal loading features of three group of piles of different kind and constructing technique in different earth layer at the pile point are analyzed and compared and summed up with basic integro - differential equation calculating the pile earth system load transmit, transforming principle of stress - deforming and pile body rating of burying electric measuring element. changing law of stress, and changing law of pile body shifting and bending for different testing piles under vertical and horizontal load are showed so that the loading features of soil layer and pile at testing spot, reliable design data for pile type and base for scientific construction technique are provided

    本文僅就嘉定電廠二期工程中的三根試驗樁的靜載試驗進行了分析和研究，利用樁土體系荷載傳遞分析計算的基本微分方程及應力-應變轉換原理，結合預埋電測元件的樁身率定，對三組不同種類、不同施工工藝、不同持力層中的樁的豎直、水平承載特性進行了分析、比較和歸納，通過大量、全面的實測數據，經過整理、轉換和推演，揭示了不同試驗樁在豎直、水平荷載作用下的應力變化規律和樁身變位、撓曲變化規律，最終提供試驗場地土層和樁的承載特性，為該工程合理設計樁型提供了可靠的設計參數，為確定科學的施工工藝提供了有力的依據。
  13. This paper deals with the following three topics with regard to the control of multiple manipulators : 1. deprive the kinematics and dynamical equations of two manipulators with identical structure on the basis of geometry theory, one of which has two links, giving the inverse solution to the kinematics of the system which consists of the manipulators and the grasped object ; 2. by use of load - distributing, design a controller coordinating multiple redundant manipulators whose parameters are known

    基於微分幾何理論推導出兩個具有相同結構的二連桿機器人的運動學逆解及與物體所成系統的動力學方程； 2在假設由多個冗餘機器人與物體組成系統的動力學模型確知的前提下，利用負荷分配法，設計了一種不僅能使關節力矩優化且能按照一定比例分配負荷的控制器，解決了以往控制器的一些缺陷，即忽視各個機器人的實際承載力，導致一些負荷力小的機器人卻必須承擔較大的負載，最終損壞機器人； 3
  14. Concrete filled steel tube ( cfst ) arch bridge is a new type of bridge which is widely applied in china recently, and it is a relatively ideal structural form for long span arch bridge. with the background of the practice of liantuo bridge, in the view of point of feasible in technology and reasonable in economy, the key techniques and difficulties in the construction of cfst arch bridge are analyzed and discussed in the thesis. the disadvantages in the current design and construction and the improvement method are also indicated

    本文以蓮沱特大橋工程實踐為背景，以主拱施工研究為主線，對鋼管混凝土拱橋重難點施工工藝，從技術上可行、經濟上合理的角度出發，詳細的進行了分析闡述，並指出了設計施工中存在的不足和今後需改進的方向；通過對鋼管混凝土拱橋施工過程中內力的計算，確定了拱肋施工最不利荷載工況下加載重量、壓重順序和張拉臨時預應力束等一系列施工措施，並將計算結果與現場監測觀測數據進行了比較分析，為今後進一步研究這類結構提供了參考。
  15. Then the coupling beams with new reinforcement layout were made an inquiry into, and the improvement on the seismic behavior by coupling beams diagonally reinforced with a few rows in end regions was found out at last, based on the observations of the experimental phenomena and the analysis of the measurement result, and by the comparison of seismic behavior by making use of hysteretic response, ductility and energy dissipation behavior, a conclusion is presented : the code for design and construction of reinforced concrete high - rise structures ( the draft asked for advise hi 2000 ) ca n ' t ensure that the coupling beams have fairly good seismic ductility ; the result of improvement of the seismic ductility of the coupling beams by the increase hi stirrups besides the strengthen of longitudinal detailing reinforcement was n ' t obvious ; the coupling beams diagonally reinforced with a few rows in end regions have fairly good mechanisms, and the ductility and the behavior of energy dissipation are better than conventionally reinforced concrete coupling beams, so it is suitable to te tised in short coupling beams

    本文通過對三根小跨高比（均為l h = 1 . 0 ）剪力墻洞口連系梁在低周反復荷載作用下的試驗，了解了嚴格按《鋼筋混凝土高層建築結構設計與施工規程》 （ 2000年徵求意見稿）設計的連梁具有的抗震性能，研究了採取增大連梁配箍量同時加強縱向構造筋的方案對抗震性能的影響，並進一步對新的配筋形式的連梁進行了探討，了解了在連梁梁端配置多排交叉斜筋方案對連梁抗震性能的改善。通過對試驗現象的觀察和量測結果的分析，利用荷載?位移滯回曲線、延性和耗能性能等指標對各個試件的抗震性能進行了比較，最後得出結論： 《鋼筋混凝土高層建築結構設計與施工規程》 （ 2000年徵求意見稿）不能保證小跨高比連梁具有較好的抗震延性：通過增大連梁配箍量同時加強縱向構造筋的方案對改善連梁的抗震延性的效果不太明顯；梁端配置多排交叉斜筋的連梁具有相對較好的受力性能，其延性和耗能性能等各項性能指標均優于普通配筋連梁，宜在深連梁中採用。
  16. Taking the bending stiffness, cable sag and cable inclination into consideration, the space vibration control of the cables using the visco - elastic dampers in cable - stayed bridges is investigated by joining the center difference method and the state space strategy. both the maximum modal damping ration and the optimal damper size are obtained, then the practical suggestions are proposed for the design of the dampers. the space nonlinear vibration equations of the cable - damper system are derived, and a new hybrid method for solving the cable - damper system is presented by combing the newmark method and pseudo - force technology

    綜合考慮了拉索抗彎剛度、垂度的影響，研究了粘彈性阻尼器對斜拉橋拉索的空間振動控制，聯合中心差分方法及狀態空間法，得出了拉索麵內、外振動各階模態可能達到的最大阻尼比及相應的最優阻尼器系數，並對斜拉橋拉索的阻尼器設計提出了參考建議：考慮拉索抗彎剛度、垂度及幾何非線性，導出了索-阻尼器系統的空間振動非線性方程組，結合newmark方法及偽力（ pseudo - force ）方法，創新地提出了求解非線性方程組的雜交方法，根據拉索-阻尼器系統的阻尼特性，在各種荷載作用下，對索-阻尼器系統的非線性瞬態振動響應進行了研究，從系統響應的角度更加直接地驗證了阻尼器的控制效果。
  17. Because the different stiffness match of front and rear suspension is very influencing to the ride comfort, optimal model of ride comfort is developed, regarding the rms of driver ’ s acceleration as the objection, regarding the stiffness of front and back suspension as optimal variable, regarding quiet flexibility 、 dynamic flexibility 、 frequency and dynamic load as nonlinear constraints. by matlab program and using sqp, the optimal match of front and back suspension ’ s stiffness is achieved, this optimal model consider not only request of quiet 、 dynamic flexibility 、 frequency and damp, but also security of run and peace of road, it is closer to the fact than other models which only consider partial restriction

    由於前後懸架垂直剛度的不同匹配對汽車行駛平順性影響較大，論文建立以駕駛員垂直加速度的均方根值作為汽車行駛平順性優化目標值、以前後懸架垂直剛度作為優化變量的優化設計模型，並輔以靜撓度、動撓度、頻率、動載荷等非線性約束，使用序列二次規劃法，利用matlab編制優化程序，求得前後懸架垂直剛度的最優匹配值;此優化模型不僅包含動靜撓度及頻率和阻尼的限制，還考慮到汽車的行駛安全性和道路友好性，比文獻報道的只考慮部分約束的優化模型更切合實際情況。
  18. Maximum design static laod on coupling device

    作用在掛接裝置上的最大設計靜載荷
  19. Then figure out the wind load in term of the load criterion and the wind tunnel test results separately. by comparing with the two results, we can draw a conclusion that the values which generated by the load criterion are bigger than these ones generated by the other. in order to calculate and design in the worst situation, the paper select the bigger basic wind stress and then turn the area - load into liner - load to receive the displacement of the nodes and the internal force of the cells generated by the static wind load

    由此，得出用於作業棚結構設計的數據，進而按建築荷載規范和風洞試驗數據分別計算出風荷載標準值以及基本風壓，通過對兩種靜力風荷載計算的結果進行比較，可以看出，按規范計算風荷載的結果在結構的整體計算中偏於保守。按照最不利情況計算的設計準則，本論文選用較大的基本風壓值按受力面積分配的方法把面荷載轉化為線荷載代入midas運算程序中，求得該結構在該靜力風荷載作用下的節點最值位移。
  20. The rules obtained from the background modal analysis method based on the quasi - steady assumption in frequency - domain are similar to those obtained by the analysis method in time - domain, and the influence of high modes can be considered. finally, the dissertation suggests that for engineering design, it is better to use equivalent wind load factor defined the ratio of wind - induced total displacement to static displacement for computing the equivalent static wind load of long - span grid roof structures, and the equivalent wind load factor of the roof of taizhou stadium is calculated

    最後通過對大跨網架屋蓋結構的風振系數的研究，提出了在實際工程設計中，採用位移風振系數來計算大跨屋蓋的等效靜力風荷載既正確又方便使用，並且給出了臺州體育中心看臺屋蓋進行分塊統計后的位移風振系數，以供設計參考。
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