最小功原理 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zuìxiǎogōngyuánlǐ]
最小功原理 英文
least work principle
  • 最 : 副詞（表示某種屬性超過所有同類的人或事物） most; best; worst; first; very; least; above all; -est
  • 小 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （體積、面積、數量、強度等不大） small; little; petty; minor 2 （年紀小的; 年幼的） youn...
  • 功 : 名詞1 （功勞） exploit; merit; meritorious service [deed]: 戰功 military exploits; 立功 render me...
  • 原 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （最初的; 原來的） primary; original; former 2 （沒有加工的） unprocessed; raw Ⅱ動詞（原...
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  1. As a crucial embedded development tool, the embedded system debugger is usually used to debug and test embedded software 。 a embedded system debugger consists of a cross debugger and a debugger agent, which characteristic lies in the separation of running environments between the cross debugger and the debuggee and the dependence on the gdb agent in the debug session 。 with the development of embedded technique, various embedded debug techniques continuously advance and all kinds of embedded system debuggers are playing a more and more important role in the embedded software development 。 the gnu debugger, gdb as a tool in the gnu toolkits, is an extremely powerful source - level debugger 。 among gdb ’ s many noteworthy features, its ability to debug programs “ remote ” is fascinating 。 this capability is not only essential when porting gnu tools to a new operation system or microprocessor, but it ’ s also useful for developers who need to debug an embedded system based on a processor that gnu already supports 。 gdb is the preferred solution in embedded development because it provides portable, sophisticated debugging over a broad rang of embedded systems 。 this paper discusses the status quo of various embedded system debuggers ; deeply analyses the overall structure of gdb and the debugging mechanism of gdb based on its source codes ; introduces the gdb ’ s remote debug technique and gdb / mi, which are usually used to develop the gdb - based embedded system debugger 。 then dwells on how to use gdb / mi to develop a gui front and how to use rsp 、 stub and gdbserver to design a debug agent, in order to expatiate on the design method of the gdb - based embedded system debugger 。 in the end, provides a concrete implementation of the gdb - based embedded system debugger of “ embedded simulation development platform ”, the project of the innovation fund for technology based firms 。

    這個特性不僅在將gnu工具移植到一個新的操作系統和微處理器的時候很有用，對于想調試一個基於gnu支持的晶元的嵌入式系統的開發人員來說，也是非常有用的。由於gdb提供了在大多數嵌入式系統上的可移植的、復雜的調試功能，它已成為嵌入式開發的首選解決方案。本文討論了當前的各種嵌入式調試器的現狀，結合源代碼詳細分析了gdb的結構和調試原理，介紹了開發基於gdb的嵌入式系統調試器常用的遠程調試技術和gdb / mi介面;然後詳細闡述了如何使用gdb / mi開發gdb的圖形前端和怎樣使用rsp協議、 stub和gdbserver設計一個調試代理，從而較深入地討論了基於gdb的嵌入式調試器的設計方法;最後，結合國家中小型企業創新基金項目「嵌入式模擬開發平臺」 ，給出了一個基於gdb的嵌入式系統調試器具體實現。
  2. According to the guidline, two nd : yag lasers have been designed and set up, one is end - pumped by lower output power ld using a selfoc micro lens, and the other is end - pumped by high output power ld using a pair of lenses are designed, and the characteristics such as output power and power stabilization of both solid - state lasers are investigated. thirdly, when an empty liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of the nd : yag laser pumped by high power ld, the laser can operates in single axial mode. finally, according to the relationship between the laser output power and the longnitudinal a ld - end - pumped nd : yag laser sensor for displacement measurement has been investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimently, the results indicate that when the mean radius of pumping inside the laser cavity is far less than that of the oscilating laser mode, the exponential of the output power is a gauss function of the longitudinal positon of focused spot of ld pumping beam, both the measurement range and the sensitivity are dependent on the incident pumping power, as the incident pumping power is increased, the measurement range is enlarged and the sensitivity is improve d

    本文首先介紹了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的發展狀況、主要特性及其應用，從四能級速率方程出發，推導了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的閾值、輸出功率和斜效率的表達式，並簡述了激光器的工作原理、結構型式和倍頻方法；其次，以空間相關的速率方程為基礎，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光器的設計方法，給出了一定泵浦耦合方式下，振蕩光模尺寸、最佳輸出耦合率、泵浦光模尺寸、泵浦光焦斑位置等參數的選取依據，以此為依據，設計了自聚焦透鏡耦合小功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器和透鏡組耦合高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器，對激光器的輸出功率和功率穩定性等特性進行了實驗研究；再次，在帶尾纖輸出的高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光腔內插入一隻空液晶盒，觀察到了激光器以單縱模運轉；最後，根據泵浦光焦斑端面位置對激光輸出功率的影響規律，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光位移傳感新方法，並進行了理論和實驗研究，研究結果表明：當激光晶體內泵浦光平均光斑半徑遠小於振西安理工大學碩士學位論文蕩光束腰半徑時，激光輸出功率的自然指數與泵浦光焦斑的縱向位置成高斯變化規律，測量范圍和靈敏度依賴于泵浦功率，隨著泵浦功率的增加，測量范圍擴大，靈敏度提高，當端面泵浦功率為7 . 24w （最大輸出功率為1 . 926w ）時，激光位移傳感器的測量范圍和靈敏度分別是13 . 045mm和0 . 148mw / pm 。
  3. The emulational calculating theories of traction power supply system ' s operating charts combine with actual things of engineering design at present in chapter three, to set up traction web current distributing mathematical model, integral distributing mathematical model, locomotive distribution and obtaining current model at every moment, and on which making use of mathematical planning methods to set up mathematical models is based at every moment in every instance interval of the railroads. for instance, instantaneous current, instantaneous voltage descent and effective current, main changing capacity and so on, in addition, there are the minimum power shortage model, the optimal transformer substation location, the least engineering expenditure, the optimal mathematical model of traction power supply system. optimize design ' s algorithm of traction power supply system is introduced in detail in chapter four, where programming idea and realizing method of the computer software are given an explanation

    本研究主要進行了以下工作：結合牽引供電系統運行圖的模擬原理和現行工程設計的實際情況，建立了牽引網電流分佈、積分分佈、任一時刻機車分佈和取流的數學模型；應用數學規劃方法建立了任一距離區間、任一時刻的瞬時電流、瞬時電壓降數學模型和有效電流、主變容量和主變壓降、最小功率損失、最佳變電所容量、最佳變電所位置、最少工程費用、最少運營維護費用和牽引供電系統方案最優等方面的數學模型；闡明了牽引供電系統優化設計的演算法和計算機軟體編程思想及實現方法；進行了工程實例計算；最後，對牽引供電系統優化設計技術應用進行了總結。
  4. Principle of least work

    最小功原理
  5. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  6. Secondly, to achieve the independent regulation of active and reactive power output from the generator side which is designed for the purpose of tracing the maximum wind - energy capturing. the paper has analyzed the mathematic model of the ac excited doubly - fed machine and the stator field orientation control strategy of the motor as vscf wind power generator. thirdly, it has put forward and designed the dual pwm converter with the capacity of energy flowing bidirectional aimed at the demand of rotor energy bidirectional flow. the author constructed reliable and integrated experimental system and did a series of experimental study including no - load, cutting - in network and power generation at, below and above the synchronous speed

    論文首先分析了風機運行特性及其最佳風能利用原理，通過模擬及實驗驗證了採用直流電機的輸出特性模擬風力機的最大輸出功率曲線的可行性，並給出了模擬系統的硬體結構；然後為了實現交流勵磁發電機有功、無功功率獨立調節機理，分析了交流勵磁雙饋發電機的數學模型和在追蹤最大風能捕獲變速恆頻風力發電時必需的定子磁鏈定向矢量控制策略；針對雙饋發電機轉子能量雙向流動的要求，提出並設計了具有能量雙向流動能力的雙pwm交流勵磁用變頻器；最後為實現從理論到實踐的全面研究，研製出了一套小功率完整的雙pwm變頻器交流勵磁的雙饋風力發電機實驗系統，進行了空載、並網、同步速及上、下的發電運行等一系列的運行實驗；所完成的模擬和實驗研究均驗證了理論、模型和控制策略的正確性、可行性。
  7. The guest rooms extend 53 to 150 ones ; w e hope to amplify the great view by adopting local resources and culture features ; balance the size and facade between new and old buildings

    本案由原本53間客房擴建為150間之觀光飯店，設計理念希望吸納原有自然環境與人文特色並增強阿里山賓館之景點之功能，在建築設計上採取對自然環境影響最小以及對于新舊建築物之間在外觀及比例方面取得協調。
  8. Finite element method of least work consumption principle

    最小功耗原理的有限元法
  9. Since wear is contradicted with smooth running, a tradeoff optimal objective function was set up and an optimal process control was carried out on the basis of minimum theory

    滑摩功和沖擊度是相互制約的性能指標，本文建立綜合最優目標泛函，根據極小值原理，實行最優控制。
  10. This paper trice to find the cause of effective ness loss and to analyze it theoretically by adopting the ways of quantitative analysis and quantitative analysis by using the way of fault tree to carry out the qualitative analysis, it draws the logic charts by various elements that cause the loss of effectiveness and to make a faucet tree to find out the loss programs, then make a final analysis of the smallest element of the fault tree. the first problem is due to the over friction by exceeding permitted limits ; the second problem is due to the gear feather ' s low inteusity, this paper adopts the method of changing the trans mission ratio of the first gear and the width of the sixth gear of second shaft so as to solve the problems

    本文採用定性和定量相結合的方法，利用失效樹進行定性分析，它通過對可能造成系統失效的各種因素，畫出邏輯框圖，從上到下繪成失效樹，找出失效譜，並對失效樹的全部最小割集進行分析，找出有可能的失效原因，再對其通過理論計算進行定量分析，由此發現第一個問題是由於離合器在極限狀況下的滑磨功超過其許用值造成的，第二個問題的原因是二軸六檔齒輪強度不足。
  11. Secondly, basing on the theory of on - off gain of small signal, the raman gain coefficient for frequency shift between 0. 5 and 20 thz of standard sigle mode optical fiber is measured by pump - probe method through a super luminescent diode ( sld ) as a broadband small signal probe source. thirdly, numerical simulation analysis of gain characteristic of raman fiber amplifier for c band wdm signal light is made according to the raman gain coefficient of the fiber measured before through target and four rank runge - kutta method. at the invariability of wavelength and maximum power of each of two pumps, schematic of powers of two pumps for best flatness on c band wdm optical gain was found out, at the same time, the factors of resulting in gain saturation is analyzed, too

    本文首先應用經典的電磁理論對拉曼光纖放大器的工作機制進行了分析，然後，根據小信號理論推導出的開關增益求出了光纖拉曼增益系數的表達式，採用泵浦-探測波的方法，利用超輻射激光二極體（ superluminescentdiode簡稱sld ）作為探測光源，測量了所用標準單模光纖頻移為0 . 5 - 20thz的拉曼增益系數，之後根據所測得的光纖的拉曼增益系數譜對應用該類光纖構成的放大c波段wdm光信號的拉曼光纖放大器的增益特性採用打靶法和四階龍格- - -庫塔進行了數值計算，在給定了兩個泵浦光源的波長和最大功率后，找出了反向泵浦情況下使c波段wdm光源增益最平坦的兩個泵浦的各自最佳功率，同時也分析了導致信號光飽和的原因。
  12. At light loads, the architecture allows the chip to “ skip ” cycles to reduce power dissipation. in the circuit design, the basic principle and small signal model of the boost power stage are given at first, and then the stability and small signal model of the control loop are also analyzed, finally, the whole chip architecture and sub - block parameters are presented according to the application requirements

    在電路設計中，首先闡述了升壓型直流轉換器的功率輸出級的拓撲結構、基本原理、小信號模型，然後分析了電流模式控制迴路的穩定性及小信號模型，最後根據應用要求進行了電路的總體架構設計，完成了每個子電路的各種參數的分析、計算。
  13. Institutional economics is its basic theoretical clue. the institutional approach includes : transaction cost is a basic view for housing finance institutions and a certain institution follows the principle of minimum transaction cost ; financial deepenness and financial function theories are important ways to understand housing finance institution ; a systematic institutional structure of housing finance comes from the interaction of social economy, culture and politics, and institutional bundling and embeddedness are common forms ; financial structure theory is a forceful quantitative way to analyses housing finance institutions ; minimization of transaction cost is the basic motivation for institutional transformation, and the basic ways are forced transformation and induced transformation ; equity and efficiency are basic criteria for evaluating housing finance institutions, which may implement through certain institutions while government acts as leverage between equity and efficiency. ( 2 ) multiformality and transformation of housing finance

    制度經濟學是基本的理論線索，制度分析範式包括如下方面：交易成本是考察住房金融制度的基本視角，特定的住房制度安排遵循約束條件交易成本最小化原則；金融深化和金融功能理論是理解特定住房金融制度安排的重要輔助方法；整體性住房金融制度結構的形成是包括社會經濟、文化、政治等各類制度在內互相影響、平衡的產物，制度捆綁和制度嵌入是常見的形式；金融結構方法是用制度分析方法解釋住房金融制度的有力的定量分析工具；住房金融制度變遷的基本動因是交易成本最小化（外部收益內部化） ，變遷的基本方式是強制性變遷和誘致性變遷；公平和效率是住房金融制度評價的基本標準，公平和效率通過一定的制度安排可以同時實現，政府在住房金融制度中起著平衡公平和效率的杠桿作用。
  14. The equation of selecting filter capacitor is derived to make the feedback energy which is produced by the inverter to be minimum. the value of the capacitor has been decreased from 20u. f to 7. 6fif and the efficiency has been improved by 1. 5 %. the maximal filter inductor value has been given on the base of the hysteresis control principle

    推導出了使逆變橋的無功回饋能量最小的濾波電容取值公式，原理樣機的濾波容因此從20 f減小到7 . 6 f ，減小了62 ；系統的效率提高了1 . 5個百分點，重量也有所減小。
  15. With performance of up to 900 million floating - point operations per second ( mflops ) at a clock rate of 150 mhz, tms320c6711 is fit to tackle with the problem. this thesis made a deep research on the h. 263 standard and the tms320c6711. we propose the plan of the software and the hardware for the realization of the h. 263 protocol which include the structure of the whole program, the c code of the key algorithm of the h. 263, the c code of some subprogram, and the circuit for image processing with the tms320c6711 as the processor. furthermore, we optimize some subprogram in common use to make the coding more quickly. we encode a video sequence with the tms320c6711dsk successfully, even if the compression rate is as high as 100, video effect we get after decoding the code stream is satisfying

    首先系統地研究了h . 263協議編碼器的基本演算法，句法，碼流結構和tms320c6711dsk的原理結構以及ccs2 . 0的開發環境；在系統的軟體方面給出了總體流程圖，對于h . 263協議編碼器的某些核心演算法和子程序，給出了部分源代碼，對于dsp的各種代碼優化方法進行了討論，並且對代碼進行優化，從而在提高系統處理速度的同時減少代碼大小和內存需求量；硬體方面以tms320c6711為核心處理器，提出了基於tms320c6711的圖像處理平臺的硬體實現方案，並給出了原理電路圖；最後在tms320c6711dsk上成功對視頻數據進行高壓縮比（ 100倍以上）的編碼，對回傳的結果解碼后得到了令人滿意的效果。
  16. Firstly, this paper shows the overview of these new technologies, and how wcdma system works with them ; secondly, tells about the modeling and simulation of hsupa system, and the study of the the performance of new technology and its influence on the radio network coverage ; thirdly, studys the node b scheduling mechanism and give a new algothrim to guarantee the efficiency when using the radio uplink resources ; at last, some typical umts traffic models are studied, and an algothrim to grarantee the qos of all the traffics while there are multi - traffics in cell is given

    文章首先具體介紹了這些新技術和功能的特點、原理，以及這些新技術在wcdma系統中的應用;然後介紹了根據標準協議對hsupa系統進行計算機建模和模擬，並且結合模擬結果分析了新技術的性能、對系統覆蓋與容量的影響;隨后對hsupa技術的nodeb調度進行了研究，並提出了保證上行資源利用效率的調度機制;最後，對一系列umts業務模型進行了分析，並提出了基於業務服務質量qos保證的小區內多用戶並存時的調度演算法。
  17. The principle, the content and the application of j1939 will also be described in this document in detail, at last, the smallest unit and the basic controller net have been designed

    以及詳細論述的j1939協議的原理，內容及應用。最後設計最小節點子系統，並構建控制器局域網路初步；根據1939協議編寫通信程序，並最終實現數據通信功能。
  18. This paper analyses the type, function and characteristics of usual proportional control valves and raises a new modificative version in the light of their drawback. that is, basing on the principle of flow amplification and electrical feedback and throughout calculation and analysis on flow closed loop control and pressure flow combination., determination of the minimum controlled pressure difference as well as flow controlling range and structure of main valve and research of the dynamic and static characteristic, the paper puts forward control principle of " flow - load pressure change - displacement revision " and pressure / flow double closed loop, and further expounds that using a proportional controller and a electric mechanical transducer can separately serve the control function of pressure or flow as well as flow pressure combination

    本論文分析了目前常用比例閥的類型、功能、特性，並針對其不足提出新的改進方案，即：以流量放大，電反饋兩個原理為基礎，通過對流量閉環控制及壓力流量復合的計算分析、確定上最小控制壓差及流量控制范圍，確定主閥結構、功能特性研究等，提出了「流量? ?負載壓力變化? ?位移修正」的控制原理和壓力流量雙閉環控制原理，並進一步論述了利用一個比例控制器和一個「電?機械轉換器」就可完成獨立的壓力或流量控制功能以及流量壓力復合控制功能。
  19. Technologies, including loading balance in distributed system, distributed transaction and oriented object methods, which discussed in this thesis, have been introduced in the designing and implementation of acs system. this thesis finish the following working : we analyze the theory of load balancing and provide a load balancing model. a load balancing agrithm based on overall expected delay routing is implemented in acs. the experiment results shows that the average response time of job and the system resource utilization can be optimized in acs, distributed transaction is designed and implemented for the roaming file ' s processing, two phase commit proctol is used, which can ensure the atomic of distributed transaction commit, recover the exception quickly and improve the system ’ s reliability

    應用控制系統acs （ applicationcontrolsystem ）是針對中國移動漫遊清算系統而開發的面向對象的分散式中間件產品，論文討論了負載均衡、分散式事務、面向對象技術並介紹其在acs中的設計與實現，主要完成了以下的工作:分析了負載均衡的原理，提出了一種分散式動態負載均衡模型，在acs系統中成功實現了總體最小期望等待時間任務分配的動態負載均衡演算法，實驗證明這種演算法縮短了作業的平均響應時間，提高了系統的資源利用率。
  20. Through credit management flow, the author designed the concept through introducing total quality management and total cost flow minimization. besides the function of analyzing the credit information system, the author also brought up the analysis of investing in credit information system through utilizing a balanced score card methodology of performance management and design a set of assessment indicators. the foundation is an efficient credit management system that relies upon the infrastructure framework

    在信用管理流程設計中引入全面質量管理與流程總成本最小化的理念;在分析了信用信息系統的功能之外，提出了信用信息系統投資決策分析;在績效管理中運用了平衡記分卡原理，設計了一套評價指標體系;還提出了高效的信用管理所依賴的組織結構。
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