最後規約 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zuìhòuguīyāo]
最後規約 英文
definitive statute
  • 最 : 副詞（表示某種屬性超過所有同類的人或事物） most; best; worst; first; very; least; above all; -est
  • 規 : Ⅰ名詞1 （畫圓形的工具） instrument for drawing circles 2 （規則; 成例） rule; regulation 3 [機械...
  • 約 : 約動詞[口語] （用秤稱） weigh
  • 最後 : last; final; ultimate
  1. It is proven that these modified dual algorithms still have the same convergence results as those of the conceptional dual algorithms in chapter 2 and chapter 3. secondly, a dual algorithm is constructed for general constrained nonlinear programming problems and the local convergence theorem is established accordingly. the condition number of modified lagrange function ' s hessian is estimated, which also depends on the penalty parameter

    證明這些修正的對偶演算法仍具有同前兩章的概念性對偶演算法相同的收斂性結果，我們還進一步構造了一般約束非線性規劃問題的對偶演算法，建立了相應的局部收斂理論，最後估計了修正lagrange函數的hesse陣的條件數，它同樣依賴于罰參數。
  2. The chapter two looks back the related all kinds of theories and law regulations from the beginning of appearance of forged endorsement with the result of two bill law systems coming into being, and it discusses general principle and exceptive regulations in handling forged endorsement, at the same time it also attaches importance on the conciliation of rules such as international note and bill pact of the united nation

    第二章回望了自偽造背書現象出現至今，有關的各種理論學說及法律規制；世界各國在處理該問題上由統一到分歧，直至兩大票據法體制的最終形成歷程；以及兩大體制在處理偽造背書上各自的一般原則和例外規定；最後介紹《聯合國國際匯票、國際本票公約》對兩者的調和等。
  3. In order to make the terminal airspace moderated and consisted, and acquire the biggest capacity of airport, we must consider the influencing factors as many as possible, it is our final target to plan the airspace in beijing terminal unify. with the conditions that the current operation modes of parallel runway, approach and departure procedures and terminal airspace in beijing international airport, this article has analyzed the reasons of airspace congestion. this article also applies the theory of instrument flight procedure and utilizes the current facilities in beijing international airport. the design of flight procedures combining rnav procedures with instrument approach procedures may be accepted on some routes. it make the approach and departure procedure more effective, and increase the capacity of the airport more or less ; secondly, this article contrast the capacities of parallel runway in different methods under radar control, and make the conclusion that the parallel runway in dependent operation modes has the biggest capacity

    本文從目前首都機場平行跑道的運行方式、進離場程序、終端區空域的現狀入手，剖析了造成空域緊張的原因，應用儀表飛行程序設計的思想和原則，利用首都機場終端區現有的設施，某些航線可採用區域導航（ rnav ）程序與儀表進近程序相結合的飛行程序設計，優化了目前首都機場的進離場程序，在一定程度上增加了機場容量；其次，研究了雷達管制條件下平行跑道不同運行方式的容量對比，得出平行跑道獨立運行的容量最大，然後以這種這種運行方式，為首都機場設計出了平行跑道獨立運行的飛行程序；最後，分析北京終端區各機場空域對首都機場飛行程序安全、有效運行的制約因素，研究設計出了北京終端區規劃方案及規劃后的飛行程序和飛行方法，以達到增大機場的容量，適應未來航班量增加的需求。
  4. We will reach the essence of it in this chapter by reading the leading cases such as the merak [ 1965 ] and the annefield [ 1971 ], which reflect the attitude of english court towards general incorporation clause and special incorporation clause ; the miramar [ 1984 ] and the rena - k [ 1978 ], which reveal the verbal manipulation regulations on incorporated clauses from c / p ; the sannicholas [ 1976 ], which gives resolution when the incorporation clause fails to point out the c / p meant to incorporate

    本文在分析英國典型案例的基礎上對這些規定逐一予以分析。首先，通過merak案、 annefield案的分析介紹英國法對一般併入條款和特別併入條款的規定；其次，通過miramar案、 renak案的分析揭示英國法對意圖被併入提單的租約條款作語言調整的規定；最後，通過sannicholas案闡明英國法在併入條款未指明提單意圖併入哪一份租約時的處理方式。
  5. 2 if, after discharge overside from the oversea vessel at the final port of discharge, but prior to termination of this insurance, the goods are to be forwarded to a destination other than that to which they are insured hereunder, this insurance, whilst remaining subject to termination as provided for above, shall not extend beyond the commencement of transit to such other destination

    如果在最後卸貨港卸離海船后，但在本保險終止之前，貨物被發送到非本保險承保的目的地，本保險在依照受前述規定的終止制約的同時，截止於開始向此種其他目的地運送之時。
  6. We have a china - specific antidumping and circumvention program to closely watch and directly address any market - altering changes as soon as they occur, as well as a subsidies group that will monitor china s provision of financial assistance and state aids to industrial enterprises to ensure that they conform with wto commitments. these five points are focusing our china experts to achieve the most complete results possible, but the secretary himself is also keenly interested and involved in pushing for u. s. business when the lower channels do not open

    最後，除了鼓勵出口商利用機會的四項措施以外，市場準入和履約處以及整個商務部將積極監測貿易流通情況，防止在進口中出現意外。我們有一個專門針對中國的反傾銷反規避項目，以密切注視和隨時直接處理使市場反常的變化。我們還有一個補貼問題小組，觀察中國向工業企業提供金融幫助和政府援助的情況，確保這些做法符合對
  7. Then, in the light of actual reality in china and the practical cases of stock trading companies and collective - property & hi - tech enterprises which carried out the system of stock options in - pilot, proposals are put forward for the design, execution and assessment of executive stock options plan and phantom stock options plan. finally, on the basis of the analysis of positive and negative effects of incentive stock options system, it is concluded that attention should be paid to the coordination bet ween system guarantee and normalized operation, between incentive and restriction, and to the macroscopic way on how to perfect as soon as possible the capital and human resource market, with a view to offering a premising condition for practicing as soon as early the incentive stock options system

    本課題通過對股票期權的基本理論進行闡述，分析了實施股票期權激勵的理論依據以及股權激勵的本質特點；同時根據國內目前的現狀，結合國內上市公司以及民營高科技企業試行股票期權的實例，對經理股票期權計劃和虛擬股票期權計劃的設計、實施以及考核提出了自己的建議；最後通過分析股票期權激勵的正負效應，得出了在國內具體實施期權激勵時應注意制度保障與規范運作、激勵與約束相互對等以及從宏觀側面上如何盡快完善資本和人力市場，為股票期權激勵機制的早日推行提供前提條件等相關結論。
  8. After discussing the limitation of actions and the burden of adducing evidence with respect to the contracting fault liability compensation, the article finally gives comments to the contract law of p. r. china regarding its stipulations on the contracting fault liability and analyses the real cases according to the provisions of the contract law of p. r. china for the purpose of improving the level of judiciary in china

    並探討了締約過失損害賠償的訴訟時效與舉證責任：最後評析了我國《合同法》中關于締約過失責任的規定，並對照《合同法》的規定對所舉事例進行了分析，以期對我國司法有所裨益。
  9. This article canvass the status quo of the archive ' s automatization administration and the develop status of data mining, and discusses how to combine the data mining technology with the archive work from data cleaning means, data mining arithmetic, and data storage etc. and this article put forword a data mining syst em design idea. this article ' s structure is : first, in allusion to the archive data status quo, the pretreatment work of archive data that include data quality evaluation, data cleaning and data commut - ation process is bringed forword ; second, in the process of realizating data mining, the article discusses conception description, association rule, class three familiar means of applicating data mining, also put inforword the concrete arithmetic and the program design chart, and discusses the range and the foreground of all kinds of arithmetic when they are applicated in the archive ; third, the base of so you say, this article also discusses the importance of the archice applicate data storage and the means of realizing it ; last, the article discusses seval important problem of realizing an archive data mining system from data, diversity, arithmetic multiformity, mining result variety and the data pretreatment visibility, mining object descriptive visibility, mining process visibility, mining result visibil ity, user demand description and problem defining etc aspect. the article ' s core is how to import data mining technology in the archive work

    本文評述了檔案自動化管理現狀和數據挖掘技術的發展狀況，從數據清洗方法、數據挖掘演算法、數據倉庫的建立等方面論述了如何將數據挖掘技術與檔案工作相結合的具體思路，並提出了一個數據挖掘系統的設計思想。文章首先，針對檔案數據的現狀，提出了應對檔案數據進行預處理工作，包括數據質量評估、數據清理、數據變換和歸約等過程；其次，在具體實現數據挖掘過程中，本文結合檔案數據的特點探討了概念描述、關聯規則、分類等三種常見挖掘形式的實現方法，提出了具體的實現演算法和程序設計框圖，並論述了各種演算法在檔案工作中的應用范圍及前景；第三，在上述基礎上，又論述數據倉庫在檔案數據挖掘中的重要性並提出了實現一個檔案數據倉庫的方法；最後，從處理數據的多樣性、演算法的多樣性、挖掘結果的多樣性、數據預處理可視化、挖掘對象描述的可視化、挖掘過程可視化、結果顯示可視化、用戶需求的描述及問題定義等幾方面討論了實現一個檔案數據挖掘系統的幾個重點問題。全文以探討如何將數據挖掘技術引入到具體的檔案工作實踐中為核心。
  10. Secondly, actions between banks and enterprises in china ' s credit market and the motivation of banks " deregulation are deeply analyzed by the means of the game theory. thirdly, the thesis studies how systematic factors in china aggravate the information asymmetry in the credit market from the aspects of property right, financial supervision and information announcement. at last, suggestions on how to dissolve the bank credi t risk and prevent non - performing banking assets increasing are put forward in the aspects of improvement of information symmetry, establishment of incentive and constraint mechanism and elimination of systematic factors which aggravate the information asymmetry

    首先，論文分析了我國信貸活動中的信息不對稱所產生的逆向選擇與道德風險對銀行資產質量的影響；其次，作者運用博弈論方法對我國信貸市場中銀行與企業的博弈行為以及銀行違規的動力進行了深入地分析；接著，論文又從產權、金融監管和信息披露這三個方面研究了我國的體制性因素如何加劇信貸市場的信息不對稱問題；最後，論文從提高信貸市場的信息對稱度、建立有效的激勵約束機制以及消除加劇信息不對稱的體制性因素這三個方面對化解我國銀行信貸風險、防範銀行不良資產的新增提出了建議。
  11. In the last part of this paper, the author studies the legal principles of the exemption of fund manager and exemption clauses widely inserted in the trusts contracts. upon the analysis, the author suggests that lawmakers of our country regulate such exemption clauses from the legal points so that the interests of the investors can be better protected

    文章最後，筆者分析了基金管理人免責的法理基礎並進一步對基金實務中廣泛存在的基金契約免責條款出了初步研究，建議立法者應就該種免責條款的有效性從法律上加以規范，從而更好地保護處於弱勢地位的投資人的利益。
  12. In the end, the writer advance crude proposals for our laws to improve. the first chapter is an introduction, including its definition, classification and sources. firstly, definition of impossibility of performance, which means more than the same thing in german civil law code and american contract laws system, the term in this paper is knows as debtor ’ s inability to fulfill a contract and the courts fail to enforce the debtor to achieve it

    首先，分析了履行不能的概念、歷史淵源及其分類;其次，論證了履行不能與違約形態的關系，分析了傳統理論上將履行不能規定為違約形態的不足並提出作者的看法;再次，對幾種立法例下履行不能的效力進行了比較分析並對其加以評述;最後，分析了我國對于履行不能的規定，並對完善我國的履行不能提出了建議。
  13. First of all, the data system in the article is discussed and the goal function used to optimize the agricultural structure and the inhabitable condition are offered. then according to the characteristic of agricultural data system the logical structure of data bazaar in the data warehouse in the system is designed and the program for drawing out the data for data warehouse are offered. and we use the analysis services in sql server 2000 to design the multi - dimension data volume, which laid the groundwork for the later olap and data mining, we make use of the technique of mining the association rules to discover the rules in the data which are processed in a certain extent

    本文首先探討了該系統中的數據指標體系，給出了相應的優化農業結構使用的目標函數和約束條件；然後根據農業數據的特點，設計了該系統中的數據倉庫中的數據集市的邏輯結構，給出了相應的數據倉庫數據的抽取程序；利用sqlserver2000中的analysisservices設計了數據倉庫的多維數據集，為後面的聯機分析處理和數據挖掘打好了基礎，並利用關聯規則挖掘技術，對經過一定處理之後的數據進行挖掘；最後選擇windows2000作為網路服務器、 sqlserver2000數據倉庫的服務器、利用microsoftvisualinterdev 、結合asp 、 frontpage 、 photoshop等作為系統開發平臺，設計開發基於intranet的農業結構優化決策支持系統，使得決策支持系統在intranet進一步擴展。
  14. On the basis of the study of the theory and appraise method on land use in the small towns from home and abroad, this paper at first conducts a deep study on the development and role of the small towns, indicating that its development has sawn an uneven development phrase and becomes a carrier of the enterprises, a pool of surplus laborers, a hub of material exchanges between the rural and urban areas, a base of spiritual civilization, an important way to achieve urbanization. second, it conducts a study on the situation and features and the problems the land use, indicating that the efficiency of the land use is low, which has a direct influence on the development of agriculture and the role of the small towns. and the study of the demand of the land indicates the shortage of land is serious, and the small town must rationally use the land and increases its intensive role and the economical efficiency to meet the demand

    在分析國內外已有關于小城鎮土地利用的理論與評價方法的基礎上，首先對小城鎮在我國的發展、地位和作用進行了深入的分析，判明我國小城鎮發展經歷了一個曲折向上的發展階段，已成為鄉鎮企業的載體，農村剩餘勞動力的蓄水池，城鄉物資交流的樞紐，農村精神文明的基地，是我國城市化的重要途徑；其次，對小城鎮土地資源利用現狀和特徵進行了探討，並對發展小城鎮建設導致的土地利用問題進行了剖析，表明目前我國大多數小城鎮土地效益和規模效益低下，佔用耕地過多，直接影響農業的發展，影響小城鎮的地位和作用；通過小城鎮土地供需分析研究表明，我國土地短缺十分嚴峻，小城鎮土地需求缺口較大，小城鎮必須合理利用現有土地，增強集約功能和土地經濟效益，從而緩解需求壓力；最後，論文通過運用特爾菲法，描述統計分析法、多元統計分析（主成分分析）法和系統分析法中的層次分析法（ ahp ）等一系列方法，結合定性和定量兩方面，從土地質量、土地資源數量與結構、土地經濟效益、環境效益、社會效益等五個方面進行分析，篩選、建立了土地資源利用評價指標體系，在因子評價的基礎上，建立了土地利用綜合評價模型，並給出了評價過程和方法。
  15. Both normal rules and informal rules can maintain market order, they are wing of it

    最後特別強調了正規規則維持市場秩序時的剛性的一面和非正規規則的柔性約束。
  16. Many approaches developed offer approximation solutions, including principle - based, such as purely syntactic ones, semantic and pragmatic ones, and statistics - based ones. in this paper, we put forward a modal to resolve anaphora ( including empty pronoun ) based on the characteristics of chinese. in this method, we apply some corresponding rules on the sentences after their patterns distinguished in the text, then analyze the semantic relation of the components of the sentence and form a corresponding semantic network, get rid of some candidates according to the co - constrain of the nodes in that network, put every component which refers to people into forward - looking centers, ordered by their semantic role, ascertain the hierarchy of sentences, analyze the transition types resulted by the scheme of different resolutions, finally, choice the most possible scheme of resolution according to the precedence of the types

    本文針對漢語的特點建立了一個包括零代詞在內的代詞消解模型:在語義結構文法思想的指導下，對文本中的句子模式識別后，採用相應的規則式，然後分析句中成分之間的表層語義條件並產生相應的語義網路，利用語義網路中結點間的相互約束對代詞的某些候選先行詞進行排除，並且把每句中指人的語言成分放到前向中心列表中，以它們所充當的語義成分為排序依據，確定句子的層次結構，最後依據中心理論分析每個候選先行詞對代詞的不同消解所造成的層次相鄰的句子之間的過渡類型，利用過渡類型的優先順序對代詞的候選先行詞進行擇優。
  17. After analysing the ethical problems following the gene engineering to the human beings, the writer gives some measures to solve these problems. through government ' s policies to guide the direction of development of gene engineering ; constructing the sciencist ' s ethic, moral concepts ; giving the public play to supervise the making of gene engineering, these measures will make gene engineering benefit for the human beings to the most extent, and harm the human being to the least extent

    在重點探討了基因工程可能會給人類帶來種種社會問題后，作者最後還提出了相應的解決辦法，即通過加強政府方針政策的引導支持、法律法規的約束控制、強化科技倫理道德建設、發揮公眾輿論監督作用，使基因工程最大限度的造福於人類，而將危害降到最低限度。
  18. I call those first - rate which are composed of treasures one possesses under one s hand, such as mines, lands, and funded property, in such states as france, austria, and england, provided these treasures and property form a total of about a hundred millions ; i call those second - rate fortunes, that are gained by manufacturing enterprises, joint - stock companies, viceroyalties, and principalities, not drawing more than 1, 500, 000 francs, the whole forming a capital of about fifty millions ; finally, i call those third - rate fortunes, which are composed of a fluctuating capital, dependent upon the will of others, or upon chances which a bankruptcy involves or a false telegram shakes, such as banks, speculations of the day - in fact, all operations under the influence of greater or less mischances, the whole bringing in a real or fictitious capital of about fifteen millions

    凡是手中有寶藏，在法國奧地利和英國這種國家裡擁有礦產田地不動產，而且這種寶藏和財產的總數約為一萬萬左右的，我把他們叫作頭等富翁。凡是製造業或股份公司的大股東，負有某重任的總督，小國王公，年收入達一百五十萬法郎，總資產在五千萬左右的，就把他們叫作二等富翁。最後，凡是資產分散在各種企業上的小股東，靠他的意志或機遇賺錢，經受不起銀行倒閉的，經受不起時局急變的，財產的增減單純靠搞投機，受自然規律中大魚吃小魚定律的支配，虛實資本總共約莫在一千五百萬左右的，我稱他們為三等富翁。
  19. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  20. With the using of microsoft visual basic 6. 0, a multimedia computer - aided design system of small type pumping irrigation district is developed in this paper. provided with the live multimedia messages as well as a good man - machine conversation mechanism, this system can help the user to finish the planning of an pumping irrigated area such as the layout of canal system, the selection of pump models, the establishment of the irrigation program, the calculating of canals " parameters, the estimate of the project magnitude, the selection of the field constructions, the economic analysis of the project, the output of results, etc, a new oo ( object oriented ) programming method is adopted in this system, various softwares are integrated in this systems as well by the " automation " technic provided by vb, in addition, the multimedia technic is applied to this system for the first time, it makes the system easy to ope rate. as for the optimization of the canals " section, a new optimization method is adopted based on the existing theories about the canals " section, and in this way, with the purpose of minimizing the project ' s investment as well as a stalized canal, limited by the longituding slope, the canals " best feasible parameters can be deduced. furthermore, a integral method to reckon the earth work is developed in this paper, by this way, the estimate precision of the earthwork is enhanced notably. this paper includes the particular illumination for the developing procedure of each systems " segment, and in the end, the directions of the system are demonstrated in a sample area which lies in the zhaija village, taizhou city, jiangsu province, the running results showed that the initial purposes are achieved effectively, and it has a preferable practicability

    在渠道縱橫斷面優化方面，本文在利用已經比較成熟的縱橫斷面優化理論的基礎上，提出以工程總費用最小為目標函數，以渠道縱坡i為控制變量，以渠道不沖不淤流速及灌區允許地面比降為約束條件，通過縱橫斷面聯動優化的方法得到渠道的最佳工程可行的斷面參數。另外，針對部分地區的取土困難的狀況，本文採用積分法計算渠道工程土方量，從而大大提高了土方量的估算精度，有助於準確控制工程投資規模及資金投向。本文詳細闡述了該系統所採用的編程方法、系統構成、系統各組成模塊的開發過程以及灌區規劃所採用的優化方法及原理，最後應用本系統對泰州市翟家村機電灌區進行規劃設計，運行結果證明其操作比較簡便，界面友好，運行速度快，規劃成果合理，基本達到了系統預定的要求，具備較強的實用性。
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