有效工作表面 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǒuxiàogōngzuòbiǎomiàn]
有效工作表面 英文
effective working surface
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 工 : Ⅰ名詞1 （工人和工人階級） worker; workman; the working class 2 （工作; 生產勞動） work; labour 3 ...
  • 表 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面;外表） outside; surface; external 2 （中表親戚） the relationship between the child...
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 有效 : effective; valid; efficacious
  • 表面 : surface; superficies; boundary; face; rind; sheet; skin; outside; appearance
  1. Abstract : based on the analysis of the main failures discovered in pavement on steel deck plate and the demanding service condition of the pavement on steel deck, high - temperature rutting test, low - temperature bending test and controlled stress flexural fatigue test are used to study the performance of asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin including high - temperature stability, low - temperature cracking - resistance, and fatigue cracking - resistance, which are served to evaluate the modification effect of epoxy resin of different contents. with the addition of epoxy resin, all the three performances are improved greatly. however, when the amount of epoxy resin added is over a certain value, the modification effect will be stable with no extra benefit detected. finally, in terms of the properties of the three respects, 20 ?, 30 ?, 30 ? are given separately as the proposal adding contents

    文摘:在分析鋼橋面鋪裝層主要病害和特殊工作環境的前提下，分別採用高溫車轍試驗、低溫小梁彎曲試驗和控制應力小梁彎拉疲勞試驗，研究了不同環氧樹脂摻量下的環氧樹脂改性瀝青混合料的高溫穩定性、低溫抗裂性和抗疲勞性能.試驗結果表明:環氧樹脂對這3個方面都有很大的改進效果，但改性效果和樹脂的添加量並不是一個無限遞增的關系，當添加量超過一定數值以後，改性的效果將趨于平穩.最後就高溫、低溫、疲勞3個方面分別提出環氧樹脂添加量為20 ? ， 30 ? ， 30 ?的建議值
  2. Based on the analysis of the main failures discovered in pavement on steel deck plate and the demanding service condition of the pavement on steel deck, high - temperature rutting test, low - temperature bending test and controlled stress flexural fatigue test are used to study the performance of asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin including high - temperature stability, low - temperature cracking - resistance, and fatigue cracking - resistance, which are served to evaluate the modification effect of epoxy resin of different contents. with the addition of epoxy resin, all the three performances are improved greatly. however, when the amount of epoxy resin added is over a certain value, the modification effect will be stable with no extra benefit detected. finally, in terms of the properties of the three respects, 20 ?, 30 ?, 30 ? are given separately as the proposal adding contents

    在分析鋼橋面鋪裝層主要病害和特殊工作環境的前提下，分別採用高溫車轍試驗、低溫小梁彎曲試驗和控制應力小梁彎拉疲勞試驗，研究了不同環氧樹脂摻量下的環氧樹脂改性瀝青混合料的高溫穩定性、低溫抗裂性和抗疲勞性能.試驗結果表明:環氧樹脂對這3個方面都有很大的改進效果，但改性效果和樹脂的添加量並不是一個無限遞增的關系，當添加量超過一定數值以後，改性的效果將趨于平穩.最後就高溫、低溫、疲勞3個方面分別提出環氧樹脂添加量為20 ? ， 30 ? ， 30 ?的建議值
  3. At the same time, it also illustrates the superiority of this kind of communication by introducing the profibus field bus. take the transformation of focke packaging machine as an example, the main content is as follows : 1st, to analyze the plc control system of s5 series, and determine the concrete functions that the new plc control system hopes to achieve as well as how to achieve the goal through studying the work program of the original one ; 2nd, to demonstrate the advantage of the field bus in the process of digital alternation by introducing the principle agreement of field bus profibus ; 3rd, to achieve each function of the original control system through using siemens ' s plc control system in the design of hardware and step 7 in the software as well as designing and compiling control system of focke packaging machine ; 4th, to use fm455 for controlling temperature not only can meet the system ’ s severe request for temperature and efficiently avoid many demerits of the temperature control instrument but also can bring convenience for operation and maintenance ; 5th, to use the intouch configuration software to compile monitor and control program can accomplish the goal for real - time surveillance and control of the production line, while setting some parameters can provide a powerful alarming function

    以改造focke包裝機為例，主要內容如下: 1 、通過熟悉原有控制系統的工作流程，分析了原s5系列可編程邏輯控制器的控制系統，確定新的可編程邏輯控制器控制系統需要實現的具體功能以及其實現方法; 2 、在本系統數據交互中，通過介紹profibus現場總線原理協議，論述了現場總線在工業通訊中的優點; 3 、下位機硬體設計上使用西門子可編程邏輯控制器控制系統，軟體平臺採用西門子step7 ，設計和編制了focke包裝機控制軟體，實現了原有控制系統的各項功能; 4 、本系統對溫度要求嚴格，採用溫控儀表控制溫度不能滿足系統要求，而且溫控儀表操作和維護都不方便，因此採用fm455溫度控制模塊進行溫度控制，滿足了系統對溫度的要求，同時又有效地避免了溫控儀表在操作和維護上的缺陷; 5 、在監控系統上，使用intouch組態軟體設計了系統的監控界面，從而實現了對生產線的實時監控，並且可以通過界面設置系統的一些參數，同時提供了較強大的報警功能。
  4. After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc

    研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。
  5. Experimental results show that it has a preferable automatic recognition results on the architecture ichnography, and effectively improves the work efficiency

    實驗結果表明，該系統對于建築平面圖具有較好的自動識別效果，極大的提高了工作效率。
  6. The paper indicates that, on the premise of the reform of property rights, the choice of modes of establishing a healthy credit system in china should follow the way of marketing. therefore a lot of work remains to be done such as opening credit inquiry data, founding the data base, establishing a scientific credit rating system, forming a credit punitive mechanism, etc. the bank should also play its role in the establishment by perfecting the existing credit management system, forming an effective credit risk precaution mechanism, and carrying out the work of interior credit rating

    關於我國信用制度的具體建設，研究表明：在產權改革的前提下，我國信用制度建設的模式選擇應走市場化的道路，必須做好開放徵信數據、建立數據庫、制定科學的評級指標體系、建立失信懲罰機制等多方面工作，並且要完善銀行現有的信貸管理體制，建立有效的銀行信用風險防範機制，開展銀行內部資信評級工作，發揮銀行的作用。
  7. I think that the filth dropout from surface of filter comes from synthetical action of the particles collide and current sheer ad put forward the most efficient outwash style and outwash coefficient in produce technology and it can use as technology f reference in practical application

    認為污物由濾料表面脫落是顆粒碰撞和水流剪切兩者綜合作用的結果。並提出了針對生產工藝最有效的沖洗方式和沖洗參數，可作為實際運行工藝參考。
  8. Abstract : a cad tool based on a group of efficient algorithms to verify, design, and optimize power / ground networks for standard cell model is presented. nonlinear programming techniques, branch and bound algorithms and incomplete cholesky decomposition conjugate gradient method ( iccg ) are the three main parts of our work. users can choose nonlinear programming method or branch and bound algorithm to satisfy their different requirements of precision and speed. the experimental results prove that the algorithms can run very fast with lower wiring resources consumption. as a result, the cad tool based on these algorithms is able to cope with large - scale circuits

    文摘:介紹了一個基於標準單元布圖模式的電源線/地線網路的輔助設計集成工具.它應用了一系列高效的演算法，為用戶提供了電源線/地線網路的設計、優化和驗證的功能.非線性優化技術、分枝定界演算法和不完全喬萊斯基分解的預優共軛梯度法是該工作的三個主體部分.用戶可以選擇使用非線性規劃的方法或者幾種分枝定界方法來滿足他們對于精度和速度方面的不同需求.實驗結果表明，文中所提供的演算法可以在很快的運行速度下實現更低的布線資源佔用.因此，在這些有效演算法基礎上實現的輔助設計工具具有處理大規模電路的能力
  9. The causes of devolution, desertation, salinization and solonization were analysed in two aspects : it is apparently due to overpopulation, overstocking, unreasonably using, lacking of new technique, frequent occurrence of nature disaster, small area and low output of artificial pasture and semi - artificial pasture, but the more deeply reason was that the function of grassland was not completely understood only emphasizing the economic efficiency and regrowthful resource in grassland while the ecological efficiency and its potential use were neglected

    本文主要從兩方面對草原三化進行了分析，首先從表面上看有以下幾方面原因，人口多、牲畜數量多、草原利用不合理、新技術推廣差、草原自然災害頻繁、人工半人工草地少產量低。其次又挖掘了草原退化的深層原因，第一對草原資源的功能和作用的認識具有片面性，只重視草原的經濟效益，卻忽略了它的生態效益；只重視草原資源的再生性，卻忽略了它的適宜可利用性。
  10. The investigation shows that plenum chamber total pressure has multifarious effects on arcjet thruster operation, and both specific impulse and thrust efficiency can be improved by increasing it befittingly under steady arc

    研究表明，集氣腔總壓對推力器工作過程具有多方面的影響，在保證電弧穩定的情況下，適當提高集氣腔總壓可同時提高比沖和推進效率。
  11. Nano - matreials have a perfect perspective for their volume effects and surface effects, which could enhance biologic activity, adhesiveness and proliferation of cells

    納米材料因具有一些獨特的效應，如體積效應和表面效應，有利於細胞黏附、增殖和功能表達，因而作為生物醫用材料特別是組織工程支架材料具有良好的應用前景。
  12. To avoid manual labor of chiseling - grossness, in the area of second - stage concrete construction, permanently non - removed metal molding boards nets are used as molding boards of first - stage concrete. substitution joints of reinforcing steel bars for traditional electric welding and usage of equipments for joints of reinforcing steel bars efficiently improve strength of junctions and rate of connecting reinforcing steel bars, and safety of construction and stability of quality, and greatly reduce cost. it ' s possible that three gorges project become top - ranking project in the world by study on systems engineering of high - strength concrete construction

    混凝土縫面處理採用高壓水流沖毛技術，大大提高了施工工效，減少了倉面污染；模板工程大量採用定型鋼模板施工技術，提高了壩體混凝土成型質量和工程進度；在二期混凝土施工區域，為免除人工鑿毛勞動強度，採用永久性免拆金屬模板網作為一期混凝土模板；鋼筋連接改進傳統的電焊連接方式，採用大量採用鋼筋接頭機械連接技術，有效提高了接頭強度和鋼筋連接速度，施工安全性大大加強，質量穩定性有效提高，經濟成本大大降低；三峽二期工程持續高強度混凝土施工系統工程的研究，使三峽工程成為名符其實的「世界一流工程」成為可能；三峽二期工程混凝土溫控綜合技術的應用，有效降低了壩體混凝土溫度的產生；混凝土表面處理及裂縫處理技術的應用，提高了建築物的整體性和耐久性。
  13. By the result of these experiments, acoustic emission ( ae ) was chosen to use in the research. at the same time, we analyse the phenomenon of acoustic emission at the base of theory, the characteristic signal of acoustic emission which comes from the faulty bearing at the angle of application, and the expression of the characteristic signal. contrast was also made on the data achieved separately from vibrational signal and ae signal, and it is proved that ae is feasible and available to the diagnosis to the fault of the rolling bearing

    主要工作有如下幾方面：對本段前期實驗室階段採用的振動法幅值域無量綱處理進行了分析，並研製了現場所使用的滾動軸承故障檢測裝置，將無量綱參數診斷法應用於段修現場，且做了大量試驗；對于現場試驗中所出現的問題進行了分析，提出將聲發射的方法用於軸承的在線故障診斷；從理論上分析了聲發射現象，從應用的角度分析故障軸承的聲發射信號的特徵以及聲發射信號特徵的表示方法，並在實驗室中，採用振動法和聲發射法實時檢測的實驗數據進行了對比和分析，證明了使用聲發射法對軸承故障檢測的可行性和有效性。
  14. " the citadel and a raft of artifacts may help redefine history of india, " said sufi mostafizur rahman, head of the department of archaeology at jahangirnagar university, near dhaka. " the well - planned road with even manholes proves that the citadel was managed by a very efficient administration, " mostafizur added. " i am confident further excavation will lead us to residue of a palace, " he said

    達卡賈罕吉爾納加爾大學考古系的系主任考古學家蘇非莫斯塔費祖爾拉赫曼表示， 「這條古代道路當初在建設時顯然經過了細心的設計，它上面甚至還附帶有下水道出入孔，這也可以證明它曾經處在一個工作效率極高的政權的管理下」 。
  15. The results show that some models with the bionic non - smooth working surfaces are very effective, with the pump efficiency enhancement of 3. 45 %, that means its growth rate of 6. 81 %

    對比試驗表明，在離心式水泵的有效工作流量范圍內，某些仿生改形表面的模型具有十分明顯的效果，效率提高最大為3 . 45 % ，最大增效率為6 . 81 % 。
  16. I would also like to express a special note of thanks to keyoung information limited, the computer information company that assisted us in the date input of all film information into database softwares and also trend design limited who provided the design and layout services

    卷二的各項索引及編年表有賴啟揚資訊有限公司提供電腦軟體程式設計及高效率的文字輸入服務，還有卓越設計有限公司提供版面設計及拼版服務，令本刊編務工序事半功倍，本人特此向上述公司所有有關工作人員致謝。
  17. The software for volume iii s index and chronology design was supplied by the keyoung information ltd, who also provided computer - input services. the cover and layout was designed by maxi communications ltd. i thank the staff of these two companies for their high efficiency and dedicated services

    卷三的各項索引及編年表有賴啟揚資訊有限公司提供電腦軟體程式設計及高效率文字輸入服務，還有maxi設計公司提供封面設計及排版服務，令本書編務工序事半功倍，本人特此向上述公司有關工作人員致謝。
  18. Some improvements to the staff appraisal system have been introduced in recent years. what further changes are needed to support the introduction of performance - related pay

    工作表現評核制度近年已有改善，這方面還需要什麼改變，以配合薪效掛制度？
  19. A square sensing area was formed upon each of the saw propagation paths using photoresist. when some kind of material deposits on this area, the saw propagation velocity will decrease due to the mass - loading effect, causing a shift in the device ' s oscillation frequency, which gives indication of the mass deposited. the dual - path architecture, one for sensing and one for reference, was used to compensate for the disturbance of temperature

    利用光刻工藝在每個聲傳播路徑上構造了一個方形質量沉積區，當有物質沉積到該區時，由於質量沉積效應，聲表面波的波速發生變化，使以延遲線作為反饋迴路的振蕩器的振蕩頻率發生變化，並通過這一變化反映出沉積物的質量。
  20. Crack generation in laser - clad coatings is the most difficult problem t o be solved before massive application of this technology. in order to seek out effective methods for eliminating or reducing crack generation, we carried out systemic experiments and mechanism analyses on the design of laser cladding materials, the exploration of laser cladding technique, the interaction between laser and materials, the microstructure and properties of the coatings

    針對阻礙激光熔覆技術工業化推廣應用進程的主要問題之一的熔覆層裂紋問題，為尋求該問題的有效解決方法，從熔覆材料體系的設計、熔覆工藝的探索和規范以及在工藝規范條件下激光與熔覆材料的相互作用關系、塗層組織和性能到工件表面的最後強化和改性效果，進行了系統實驗研究和機理分析。
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