有效市場來源 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǒuxiàoshìchǎnglāiyuán]
有效市場來源 英文
efficient market
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 市 : 同 「黻」[fú]
  • 場 : 場Ⅰ名詞1 （平坦的空地 多用來翻曬糧食 碾軋穀物） a level open space; threshing ground 2 [方言] （...
  • 來 : 來動詞1 （從別的地方到說話人所在的地方） come; arrive 2 （發生; 來到） crop up; take place; come ...
  • 源 : 名詞1. （水流起頭的地方） source （of a river）; fountainhead 2. （來源） source; cause 3. （姓氏） a surname
  • 有效 : effective; valid; efficacious
  • 來源 : 1. （事物所從來的地方） source; origin 2. （起源; 發生） originate; stem from
  1. The core competence of the corporation is an interior competent resource melted in the corporation endocarp and held by the corporation uniquely, which can bring customer special use and make the corporation keep long competitive advantage

    企業核心競爭力是指企業獨特擁有的、融于企業內質中能為消費者帶來特殊效用，能使企業在市場上長期具有競爭優勢的內在能力資源。
  2. Recently, using solid clay brick is gradually prohibited, so the new wall material is required to fill up the new architecture. many sections research on this field, using fly ash to develop new building materials is the mostly adopted method, among the new building materials, fly ash foamed concrete is a noticeable one because of its outstanding merits such as light weight, heat preservation, sound insulation and good resisting earthquake. using fly ash to develop foamed concrete can not only become fly ash into resources, but also provide a new kind of building materials for the innovation of wall materials, which has good economy and society ben efits

    近年來，由於墻改「禁實」政策的實施，市場急需新的墻體材料來填補新建築所需，許多單位相繼開展了各有關研究，綜合利用粉煤灰研製開發新型建材逐漸成為了主流，其中多孔混凝土特別是粉煤灰發泡混凝土，正以它突出的輕質、保溫、隔音、抗震效果好等優點，成為一種引人注目的建築材料，利用工業固體廢棄物粉煤灰研製發泡混凝土不僅能實現粉煤灰的資源化，而且還可為墻體材料的改革提供一種新型建築材料，具有較好的經濟效益和社會效益。
  3. First, the thesis gives a detailed analysis about the causes and expressions of the medium and small - sized enterprises financing problems, concerning the relationship between banks and enterprises enterprises status, related policy and finance service etc. then, in order to solve the financial problems effectively during the developing process of the medium and small sized enterprises, on the basis of the development stage, concrete environment and characteristics of the medium and small sized enterprises in our country, the thesis gives relevant suggestions about the improvement of enterprises " inside financial environment channel expansion of the indirect f inane ing, more emphasis on direct financing trend of the state ' s policy and innovation of financial instruments etc. at last, in order to welcome the coming technology economy, the thesis especially analyze how to use the capital from at home and abroad to develop risk investment, to ease up the contradiction of capital supply and demand, and to support the fast development of the hi - tech medium and small - sized enterprises

    然後，為有效解決中小企業發展中遇到的資金問題，根據我國中小企業所處的發展階段、具體環境和自身特點，結合我國金融市場的現狀和未來發展趨勢，從改善企業內源融資條件、拓展間接融資渠道、注重直接融資手段、國家政策取向、金融工具創新等方面，提出相應的對策建議。為迎接知識經濟的到來，本文還特別探討了利用國際、國內資金發展風險投資業務，緩解我國高科技中小企業資金需求與供給的矛盾，支持高科技中小企業快速發展的措施。本文試圖通過對中小企業融資問題的研究，探索我國中小企業特別足高科技中小企業發展面臨的一些共性問題，為我國中小企業融資方式和融資體制的改革略陳管見。
  4. American north branch newly creation ( international ) enterprise group, has comes from american massachusetts institute of technology ' s state - level engineer charlie bi sefu, peaceful billy john, has established " the development solar energy air conditioning, the refrigerator solution " together by the american north branch newly creation investment the topic experiment topic group, company founder shi difu bao wen has said : " the company founder ' s foresight and the foresight and sagacity, will be able to let all solar energies air conditioning, the refrigerator business agent, the specific weight seize the market for 20 years, this will be a great invention not merely, his effect will be saves the energy for the country, will make money for the investor !

    美國北科新創（國際）企業集團，擁有來自美國麻省理工學院的國家級工程師查利?畢瑟夫，安比利?約翰，由美國北科新創投資共同成立了「開發太陽能空調、冰箱解決方案」的課題實驗專題組，公司創始人史迪夫?鮑文曾經說過： 「公司創建者的預見性和遠見卓識，將會讓所有太陽能空調、冰箱的代理商，重度占領市場20年，這不僅僅是一個偉大的發明，他的功效是為國家節約能源，為投資者賺錢！ 」
  5. Recently, with the becoming severely market competition and environment requirements force companies to improve their productivity and efficiency, which poses new requirements on process control and process optimization, as a result, more severe requirements are posed on process modeling

    近年來，隨著市場競爭的日益加劇和環保要求的不斷提高，迫切要求企業從有限的資源中不斷挖掘潛力，提高經濟效益，這給過程式控制制和過程優化提出了新的要求，從而也對過程建模提出了更高的要求。
  6. The service providers can receive safely the return of investment by making use of the operators valuable customer and network resources. outsourcing the routine work to operators will lightening the burden of operation so as to make more efforts in the improvement of service quality

    對業務公司來講，電信公司的廣大用戶是不可多得的市場資源；利用電信的營收網路可以保證有效的收回資金；事務性工作的外包減輕了業務經營的負擔，便於集中精力提高業務水平。
  7. The main issues of the research are put as following : firstly, with the international comparing of market sharing rate and trading competitive index, it was revealed that wheat in china has inferior international competitiveness with a bit rising during current years, however, which is still behind that of the main wheat export countries. secondly, after the international comparing of the main factors that affect the international competitiveness of wheat, it was discovered that chinese wheat has the obvious cost advantage on unit product, while because of the high circulation fee, it results in inferior advantage on the price ; low and unstable quality is another factor which leads to inferior wheat competitiveness ; the input of fertilizer and labor makes little impact on the productivity of chinese wheat, while the input of seeds, irrigation and machine makes a strong impact, so it should be more invested in seeds, irrigation and machine to reduce wheat ' s unit cost. the assistant industries of the wheat, such as breed, production materials and processing industries, have inferior international competitiveness and lagged development

    其次，通過對影響小麥國際競爭力的主要因素的國際比較發現：中國小麥單位產品生產成本具有明顯優勢，但由於較高的流通費用，導致在價格上不具有優勢；小麥質量較差、品質不穩定是導致中國小麥國際競爭力較低的主要因素；生產要素中化肥和勞動力投入對中國小麥生產力水平的影響程度較小，而種子、灌溉和機械投入對小麥生產力水平的的影響程度較大，因此小麥生產投入要以增加種子、灌溉和機械的投入為主，代替大量的化肥和勞動力投入，進一步降低小麥單位產品成本，增強中國小麥國際競爭力；中國小麥的上下游輔助產業（包括品種資源、生產資料和加工業）的國際競爭力較弱，發展較為滯后；中國小麥生產者的組織化程度較低嚴重製約了中國小麥質量的提高、流通費用的降低和加工業的發展；小麥生產經營活動本身的特點決定了在充分發揮市場機製作用的基礎上，必須通過政府的宏觀調控來克服其市場機制的失靈，保障市場機制有效運行，但通過國際比較研究發現：中國政府在生產者支持、市場體系建設和國際貿易政策上對小麥的支持水平較低，與提高中國小麥國際競爭力的要求有較大差距，尤其是較低的生產者支持水平和市場體系建設程度制約了中國小麥國際競爭力的提高。
  8. Separate smles win certain growth chances by adopting resources - based strategy, attachment strategy, market niche strategy or individual market strategy ; while, those who have favorable condition to gather together in logistcs parks can obtain integrated economic effects and have " big and small " advantages concurrently, even beat big logistics firms

    作者指出分散經營的中小物流企業可以通過資源戰略、依附戰略、夾縫生存戰略和局部市場戰略獲取發展機會；而有條件在物流園區聚集起來的中小物流企業更是可以通過戰略聯盟獲得集成經濟效應，兼具「小和大」的優勢，甚至可能實現「以小勝大」 。
  9. As an important mechanism for the operation of modern market economy, bankrupt mechanism plays an important role in the areas of capital recomposition, optimization of resource allocation and regulation of industrial structures, etc. also it serves as a necessary way of social reconstruction and structure optimization, and an effective way of soe ' s strategic regulation and social resource recomposition as well, which is in accordance with the objective economic benefit, namely, the rule of the survival of the fittest in natural selection

    破產機製作為現代市場經濟運作的一種重要機制，在實現資產重組、優化資源配置、調整產業結構等方面起著重要作用，是社會結構調整和結構優化必不可少的手段，也是國有企業戰略性調整和社會資源重組的有效途徑，符合「物競天擇、適者生存」的客觀經濟規律。然而近年來，不少企業借破產之名，行逃債、甩債、廢債之實，大肆蠶食鯨吞債權人利益。
  10. In the fourth chapter, by the theoretic and comparison, a series of methods improving the venture capital mechanism in china have been put forward, such as : enlarging the financing source, setting up the multi - level financing system, developing more efficient and incentive organization form such as. fund form and limited partnership form. improving the risk control and strengthening management after investment. besides these methods, we should develop different way to reclaim the capital, such as going on the stock market through purchasing or borrowing stock shell and enterprise repurchase, the property exchange market and otc market are also considerable

    如：進一步擴大風險資本來源，建立多層次的資本來源體系；在組織形式上，目前以公司制為主，待條件成熟時積極發展運作效率更高、激勵機制更強的基金制和有限合夥制；加強投資后的管理，改善對投資風險的控制；在退出機制上，提出了應積極發展買殼上市和借殼上市、企業回購、通過產權交易市場和場外交易市場退出等多種退出方式。
  11. Part one, analysing the origin and the characteristics of human resource of derivative private enterprises by means of studing the course of history of the reform of national enterprises. part two, appling various studing methods, findding the root course of national enterprise ' s inefficiency by means of comparing the difference of harm between china and west developed country and analysing the necessity of marketing of hrm in derivative private enterprises. part three, being aim at the problems of hrm in national enterprises and the demands of socialism market economy, this paper attempt to put foreword the objective mould of marketing of hrm in derivative private enterprises

    全文共分四章：第一章，以國有企業改革的歷史進程為線索，分析了「衍生型」民營企業的由來及其人力資源特點；第二章，運用多種研究手法，通過比較我國與西方發達國家在人力資源管理方面的差異，剖析我國國有企業低效率的根本原因，分析人力資源管理市場化配置的客觀必然性，理論聯系實際地分析了「衍生型」民營企業人力資源管理市場化的必要性；第三章，針對我國國有企業人力資源管理方面存在的問題以及社會主義市場經濟的要求旗幟鮮明地提出了「衍生型」民營企業人力資源管理市場化的目標模式；第四章，用較大篇幅分析了「衍生型」民營企業人力資源管理市場化過程中存在的主要障礙並在此基礎上探討了跨越障礙的基本對策。
  12. As the development of economy in our country, it has become a more and more important way for corporations to improve the innovation, quality and value of assets, operation performance and to optimize their resource distribution

    隨著我國市場經濟的發展，並購作為一種重要的重組方式，在深化國有企業改革、提高資產質量、優化資源配置、改善企業經營績效等方面發揮著越來越重要的作用。
  13. Part iii will analyze roughly the inherent defects in the independent director system brought about by the subjective and objective restrictions on the independence of a director. the main part of the thesis will be part iv - independent director system in china and part v - several thoughts on improving independent director system in china, to which the author has given her priority and preference. in these two parts, general discussions have been made on the emergency and necessity of introducing and establishing the independent director system in china, detailed discussions have been made on how legislation, implementation of laws, and supervision over the company activities can make sure that after its introduction and establishment, the independent director system can play its function and role properly in such a market economy as in our country and finally move forward the perfection of corporate governance of listed companies in our country to adapt our security market more to the opening to the outside world, to meet the challenge of wto and the needs to enter the international capital market, and to promote the fast and healthy development of our socialism market economy

    第一和第二部分詳細介紹了這一制度的產生背景、淵源及在世界范圍內的發展概況，獨立董事的地位和作用（尤其是著重剖析、介紹了其法律功能和選聘程序） ；第三部分簡要分析了董事獨立性的主客觀限制為這一制度帶來的固有缺陷；作為本文主要部分的第四部分「獨立董事制度在中國」和第五部分「對完善我國獨立董事制度的幾點思考」 ，是筆者用墨最多的一處，其中，除了泛泛而談在我國引入和建立這一制度的必要性和緊迫性以外，更多的是提出了如何從立法、執行和監管等環節確保這一好的制度能在引入和建立后，結合我國現有市場經濟的特點，真正發揮其應有的功效和作用，以最終達到推動我國上市公司治理結構完善，適應證券市場對外開放，迎接wto挑戰和進入國際資本市場融資的需要，促進我國社會主義市場經濟的快速健康發展。
  14. But currently our country " s financing system is entangled with the following problems : 1 ) the resources of fund supply are monopolized by the bank loans ; 2 ) the big four state - owned banks provide too few loans to msfs ; 3 ) the allotment of loans between different msfs is unbalanced mostly at state - owned msfs advantage ; 4 ) the financing funds from the internal and external firms are disproportioned and the ratio of debt to asset is too high ; 5 ) the capital market is almost closed to msfs and they have no qualification of bond issuance

    而在我國目前的融資體制下，特許加盟企業存在著如下融資問題:資金供給渠道單一，主要是銀行貸款為主的間接融資:大型商業銀行對中小企業貸款份額較小:信貸融資在不同所有制中小企業之間的配置不均衡，銀行貸款偏重於國有和集體企業;企業內源融資渠道不暢，來自企業留存利潤部分的融資比例不高;直接來源的有效資金供給不足，尚沒有為中小企業服務的正規資本市場，中小企業發行債券受到限制。
  15. Because of the outstanding quality, high efficient, low cost, and the wide raw material sources, plasma jet surface metallurgy will has a potential in market competition

    由於等離子束表面冶金技術具有突出的優質高效低成本綜合優勢，且塗層原料來源廣，在市場競爭中具有潛力。
  16. Firstly, the paper retrospects the development of eso and tries to probe into the theoretical field : the explanation of it ' s definition, the conclusion of it ' s characters, the comparison of eso and other stock inspiration system, followed by the analysis of it ' s theoretical basis and incentive effect ; meanwhile, the paper probes into the realistic situations of eso in usa and china in order to seek the regulation and draw the advantages and disadvantages ; to this part, the paper takes the following four items as the main barriers to eso ' s implementation in china : the over restriction of current law system, the low efficiency of the market, the poor corporate governance structure and a lack of a reasonable performance index system, and elaborately analyze the impacts of the obstacles on eso ; after the analysis made above, the paper gets down to taking some methods to solve the problems in accordance with the characteristic of the barriers. as far as the internal defects of the mechanism are concerned, the paper begins with the scientifically design of the key components, studying the aspects of bestowal, change, loss, the executive method and the executive time. then the paper focuses on designing a performance index system which is an essential part of eso, introducing the bsc to improve the present performance index system, under the reasonable guidelines resigning it at both the levels of company ' s and employee ' s levels. finally, as regards how to perfect the outside surrounding of eso, the thesis makes some suggestion

    本文首先回顧了股票期權制在國內外的發展及較為詳盡的分析了股票期權制度的相關理論：闡述了其涵義，特徵，理論基礎，激勵效應並於其他幾個較易混淆的股權激勵機製作逐一的比較，以進一步澄清人們對其的錯誤認識；同時，對股票期權制在美國和我國的現狀進行深入的實證研究，探求其內在規律，在肯定其成果時指出其不足；至此，筆者認為，我國上市公司要推行股票期權制度將主要面臨以下四類障礙：公司治理結構不完善、市場有效性差、現行法規體系不完善及缺乏客觀的業績考評指標體系，並詳細分析了各類障礙的現狀及對股票期權制的負面影響；在此基礎上，針對各類障礙的不同性質，著手探討消除這些障礙的措施：對于股票期權制內部的缺陷，本文先對各個關鍵要素進行科學設計，系統的剖析了贈與、變更、喪失、執行方式、股票來源等技術性問題，再以大量篇幅研究了如何構建出一套與實施股票期權制相配套的業績考核指標體系，引進平衡計分卡的思想對國內現有的指標體系加以改進，以一組合理的評價原則為指導，從公司及員工個人業績考評兩個層面上來設計該指標體系。
  17. In aspect of urban infrastructure construction ' s financing, apart from support from the government revenue, efforts should be made in developing the capital market so as to widen sourcing of fund raising, in gradually opening the investment market for urban infrastructure construction and fostering, encourage and guiding the participating in urban construction of economies of different ownerships, and actively marking use of foreign capital in urban construction, so as to accomplish a new system of investment and fund raising for urban infrastructure construction that features pluralization of the markers of investment in urban infrastructure construction, market - orientation of the capital sourcing and diversification of the investment mode, and in establishing and perfection of the mechanism of self - discipline for risk with investment so as to enhance efficiency of the investment

    本文通過對我國城市基礎設施建設投融資體系歷史變革情況的回顧和對當前投融資體系中存在問題的分析，就城市建設資金的籌措和建設資金的管理進行了研究。在城市基礎設施建設資金的籌措方面，除靠政府財政投入外，還應通過發展資本市場，不斷拓寬融資渠道；要逐步開放城市基礎設施投資市場，支持、鼓勵和引導多種所有制經濟參與城市建設，並積極利用外資投資于城市建設，實現城市基礎設施建設投資主體的多元化、資本來源市場化、投資方式多樣化的新的投融資體制；要建立和完善投資風險的自我約束機制，提高投資效益。
  18. In order to ensure the supply of raw material, to expand the market and to diversify business risks, enterprises would take various integration strategies, either vertical, horizontal or multiple, and finally has establish a so called " group enterprises "

    甚至為了有效掌握原料的來源，拓展市場或分散事業風險而採取各種垂直、水平或多角化的整合策略，因而形成所謂的集團企業。
  19. After china becomes a member of the wto, the insurance market of china develops more and more soundly featuring the incessant increase in the number of supplying and demanding parties, also and many intermediary organs. as far as the real demand is concerned, the market supply exceeds its necessary demand actually in the insurance field of china and this competitive situation comes gradually into being

    加入世界貿易組織后，保險市場日趨成熟發展，供需主體及中介機構不斷增加，相對于有效需求而言，中國保險業的實際供給能力出現過剩，各財產保險公司紛紛爭奪有限的市場資源，市場競爭格局日益加劇，對於我國的保險行業來說，局勢非常嚴峻。
  20. The mode of railway reform, vhich is " separation of the railway infrastructures fiom operations " and reforming of locomotive & rolling stock purchase and management svstem, will create a rational market structure for locomotive & rolling stock market and standardized competition environment railway reform and high - efficiency operation aftenvards vvill be beneficial to raise competitive capacity on the transportation market, and make it possible to gain a bigger market share, vhich vvill stimulate market demand of locomotive & rolling stock. they have been demonstrated by the fact that the gliding situation of market share nas been reversed after development measures of speed - raising of locomotives & rolling stocks since 1996. on the same time, china ' s entry into wto make locomotive & rolling stock industry utilize resources on intemational market, especially impartially enter into intemational locomotive & rolling stock market and meet less trade baniers

    鐵路「網運分離」的改革模式及機車車輛購置管理改革，將為機車車輛市場創造一個合理的市場結構、規范的競爭環境；而鐵路發展及改革后的高效運作有利於其提高在運輸市場的競爭力，從而有可能分得更大一塊運輸市場，從而刺激機車車輛需求，這已為1996年以來鐵路推行提速等發展措施以後扭轉市場份額下滑局面的事實所證明；同時入世可使機車車輛工業充分利用國際市場資源，尤其是公平地進入國際機車車輛市場而遇到相對更少的貿易壁壘。
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