有效自由能 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǒuxiàozìyóunéng]
有效自由能 英文
available free energy
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 自 : Ⅰ代詞（自己） self; oneself; one s own Ⅱ副詞（自然;當然） certainly; of course; naturally; willin...
  • 由 : causereason
  • 能 : 能名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 有效 : effective; valid; efficacious
  • 自由 : freedomliberty
  1. The pollution problems of the rivers and streams in that region have accordingly improved considerably in the past decade. however, as the base flow of local rivers and streams is generally small, their assimilative capacity is therefore low. this, coupled with the continued development and hence population growth in the river catchments, as well as the lack of maintenance of many private septic tank systems, has caused the water quality of some rivers and streams in the northwest new territories to remain unsatisfactory

    而溪流的污染情況在過去的十年間亦因此而有所改善，但由於本地河溪的流速相當慢，河流的自凈能力相對偏低，而河溪的周邊不斷發展，人口持續增加，加上部分私人的化糞池系統欠缺打理，未能有效運作，所以新界西北仍有部份河溪水質未如理想。
  2. To ensure the security of gi inspection, no approving method has been developed by far to drive the capsule endoscope but utilizing the natural peristalsis of gi tract. the uncontrollability of the capsule endoscope brings on some limitations in its functional extension in inspection, medication and surgery, such as temperature and ph measuring, medicament spraying, sampling, on - line sample analyzing, laser incising and rf cauterizing

    膠囊內窺鏡目前還沒有實用的主動驅動方法，只能利用消化道自然蠕動作為膠囊內窺鏡前進的動力。由於膠囊內窺鏡不可控，限制了它的功能擴展，比如壓縮空氣噴藥、吸取組織樣品、在線樣品分析、激光切割、射頻燒灼等。完善的膠囊內窺鏡系統需要在現有基礎上加入安全有效的驅動控制，可調整姿態、行進及定位，從而擴大膠囊內鏡檢查的適應癥、安全性與多功能性。
  3. Considering the characters of bp neural network, such as the simple structure, the advisable malleability, self - fitness, self - studying, nonlinear function approximating, the considerable abilities of parallel computing, fault - tolerant and so on, the bp algorithm have been extensively applied to the areas of system modeling, pattern recognition and seismic exploration since 1986. compared with other algorithms, as the above reasons, the bp algorithm has become the most usual and efficient solutions to the artificial neural networks

    由於人工神經網路中的bp神經網路結構簡單，可塑性強，具有良好的自適應、自學習、極強的非線性逼近、大規模并行處理和容錯能力等特點，自1986年rumelhart等人提出以來，被廣泛應用於系統建模、模式識別、地震勘探等重要領域。而bp演算法數學意義明確，步驟分明，是神經網路中最為常用、最有效、最活躍的一種方法。
  4. Different algorithms were compared in the numerical simulation and model experiment of concrete velocity inversion the results showed that, compared with the least - square solutions and the damped least - square solutions, the damped and natural weighted least - square solutions reflected the inner defections of the tested object more reliably and exactly due to the usage of correct priori information, which benefited the suppression of noises and made the iterations of inverse stable and convergent

    結果表明，相對于最小二乘法和阻尼最小二乘法，基於自然權的加權阻尼最小二乘演算法，由於利用了正確的先驗信息，不但使反演過程收斂，而且具有數值穩定、抗噪能力強的優點，其成像結果能真實有效地反映對象內部缺陷，因此更適用於混凝土的超聲波速度反演。
  5. Abstract : a new clock - driven eco placement algorithm is presented for standard - cell layout design based on the table - lookup delay model. it considers useful clock skew information in the placement stage. it also modifies the positions of cells locally to make better preparation for the clock routing. experimental results show that with little influence to other circuit performance, the algorithm can improve permissible skew range distribution evidently

    文摘:提出了一種新的時鐘性能驅動的增量式布局演算法，它針對目前工業界較為流行的標準單元布局，應用查找表模型來計算延遲.由於在布局階段較早地考慮到時鐘信息，可以通過調整單元位置，更有利於后續的有用偏差時鐘布線和偏差優化問題.來自於工業界的測試用例結果表明，該演算法可以有效地改善合理偏差范圍的分佈，而對電路的其它性能影響很小
  6. We obtain a new quark potential from the effective dilaton - gluon - coupling inspired by superstring theory, and by using this static potential, we explore the mechanism of quark confinement through calculations of the spin - average energy levels, the widths of the leptonic decays and radiative transitions for heavy quarkonium. the obtained results are compared with that of the cornell potenial

    由規范場理論的超弦理論所激發的伸縮子一膠子有效藕合，給出了一個新的靜態夸克一反夸克勢，討論了此勢模型下重介子的自旋平均能譜、輕子衰變和輻射躍遷寬度，並與cdrn叭勢模型所得到的相應結果作了比較
  7. Electrocardiogram ( ecg ) is one of the necessary instruments used for clinic heart disease diagnosing. researching and developing ecg auto - recognizing system can avoid most defects brought by reading ecg manually. it can also improve the accurate ratio of heart disease diagnosing

    心電圖（ ecg ）是心臟病臨床診斷不可缺少的常規檢查手段之一，研製ecg自動識別系統能夠有效地避免由人工判讀心電圖造成的種種弊端，提高心臟病診斷的正確率，它具有重要的社會意義和應用價值。
  8. American north branch newly creation ( international ) enterprise group, has comes from american massachusetts institute of technology ' s state - level engineer charlie bi sefu, peaceful billy john, has established " the development solar energy air conditioning, the refrigerator solution " together by the american north branch newly creation investment the topic experiment topic group, company founder shi difu bao wen has said : " the company founder ' s foresight and the foresight and sagacity, will be able to let all solar energies air conditioning, the refrigerator business agent, the specific weight seize the market for 20 years, this will be a great invention not merely, his effect will be saves the energy for the country, will make money for the investor !

    美國北科新創（國際）企業集團，擁有來自美國麻省理工學院的國家級工程師查利?畢瑟夫，安比利?約翰，由美國北科新創投資共同成立了「開發太陽能空調、冰箱解決方案」的課題實驗專題組，公司創始人史迪夫?鮑文曾經說過： 「公司創建者的預見性和遠見卓識，將會讓所有太陽能空調、冰箱的代理商，重度占領市場20年，這不僅僅是一個偉大的發明，他的功效是為國家節約能源，為投資者賺錢！ 」
  9. In this text, we first do some research on the genetic algorithm about clustering, discuss about the way of coding and the construction of fitness function, analyze the influence that different genetic manipulation do to the effect of cluster algorithm. then analyze and research on the way that select the initial value in the k - means algorithm, we propose a mix clustering algorithm to improve the k - means algorithm by using genetic algorithm. first we use k - learning genetic algorithm to identify the number of the clusters, then use the clustering result of the genetic clustering algorithm as the initial cluster center of k - means clustering. these two steps are finished based on small database which equably sampling from the whole database, now we have known the number of the clusters and initial cluster center, finally we use k - means algorithm to finish the clustering on the whole database. because genetic algorithm search for the best solution by simulating the process of evolution, the most distinct trait of the algorithm is connotative parallelism and the ability to take advantage of the global information, so the algorithm take on strong steadiness, avoid getting into the local

    本文首先對聚類分析的遺傳演算法進行了研究，討論了聚類問題的編碼方式和適應度函數的構造方案與計算方法，分析了不同遺傳操作對聚類演算法的性能和聚類效果的影響意義。然後對k - means演算法中初值的選取方法進行了分析和研究，提出了一種基於遺傳演算法的k - means聚類改進（混合聚類演算法） ，在基於均勻采樣的小樣本集上用k值學習遺傳演算法確定聚類數k ，用遺傳聚類演算法的聚類結果作為k - means聚類的初始聚類中心，最後在已知初始聚類數和初始聚類中心的情況下用k - means演算法對完整數據集進行聚類。由於遺傳演算法是一種通過模擬自然進化過程搜索最優解的方法，其顯著特點是隱含并行性和對全局信息的有效利用的能力，所以新的改進演算法具有較強的穩健性，可避免陷入局部最優，大大提高聚類效果。
  10. With the recent tremendous advances in pharmaceutical care, there are now many drugs proven to be highly effective in preventing relapses or reducing the severity of these life - shortening chronic diseases. however, due to the silent nature of many of the latter especially during remission, the compliance of patients in taking their life - prolonging medications is frequently sub - optimal. our studies at the chinese university have shown that this can significantly reduce life expectancy

    隨著藥物治療的進步，目前已有不少藥物可以有效防止疾病復發或減輕病情，但是由於不少長期疾病並沒有明顯病癥，而且病人會間歇地覺得自己病情好轉，病人能按指示長期服藥的情況並不理想，香港中文大學內科及藥物治療學系與藥劑學系在威爾斯親王醫院曾進行一連串研究，發現
  11. For the weak winning the strong, the most effective and correct practice is to ensure how it takes place and which conditions limit its development. by that, we can understand and use the dialectical relations of different conditions and therefore play a dynamic role that we not only in quantity but also in essence weaken the strong aspects or strengthen the weak aspects of the enemy, strengthen the weak aspects or weaken the weak aspects of our army to change us from the weak to the strong and the enemy from the strong to the army, and finally, to make us win the enemy

    對于以弱勝強而言，最有效的正確的實踐就是確定事物強弱轉化是如何形成的，什麼樣的條件制約其發展，從而正確處理尊重條件，認識條件和利用條件的辯證關系，充分發揮人的自覺能動性，通過削弱敵軍強的因素改善我軍弱的因素、擴展敵軍弱的因素增強我軍強的因素、創造有利條件以我之強對敵之弱，從量變到質變促成強弱轉化，使我們由弱變強，敵人由強變弱，最後戰勝敵人。
  12. The animal is accompanied by a pet passport ( for animals of european origin ) or equivalent health documentation which requires endorsement from afcd ; the animal has a valid anti - rabies vaccination status ; and, the animal has been examined 24 hours by an approved veterinary surgeon before travelling and found to be in good heath and able to withstand travel to the planned destination

    這些條件包括: 1 ）寵物必須植入晶片以辨認身分； 2 ）附有寵物護照（適用於來自歐共體成員國的寵物）或經漁農自然護理署加簽具同等效力的動物健康證明文件； 3 ）寵物已接種有效的狂犬病疫苗；及4 ）寵物在出發２ ４小時前由認可獸醫檢驗，證明健康狀況良好，即使旅程舟車勞頓，亦能應付。
  13. These particles will aggregate into a certain structure when the applied field yields a critical value. the other is fabricated from " half - metallic " oxides, i. e., ferromagnetic oxides which are predicted theoretically to be completely spin - polarized and really found experimentally to have very high spin - polarization. when a magnetic field is applied to half - metallic granular systems, the resistance will drop rapid and dramatically, which is called the extrinsic magnetoresistance effects in half - metallic granular systems

    在磁性材料中，亦有由在理論上具有完全的自旋極化率、在實驗中也被證實具有高自旋極化率的一系列半金屬氧化物材料構成的多晶、粉末等顆粒體系，被發現能在外磁場下發生顯著的電阻下降，即半金屬氧化物顆粒體系中的外稟磁電阻效應。
  14. We presents a detailed studied of the linewidth of parametric light in clbo - opo caused by the linewidth of pumping beam, off axis phase matching, divergence angle of pumping, time above threshold, high gain coefficient of nlo crystal, fluctuate of cavitylength, spontaneous radiation, according to the momentum and energy conversion laws, and the sellmeier equations of the clbo, we calculated curves of the type - i and type - ii compared with the bbo ' s

    根據能量動量守恆關系和clbo的色散方程，詳細分析了由於泵浦光的線寬、泵浦光偏軸泵浦、泵浦光的發散角、泵浦光功率超過參量光振蕩閾值一定倍數、高增益系數、有效腔長波動以及自發輻射引起的參量光線寬，並得到了與bbo晶體在類、類相位匹配下比較的理論曲線。
  15. At last, it is the part of dealing with the data is gained in experimentation. we have made the experimentations in songhua lake. in the paper, i analyze and deal with the primal data of eradiate noise to get the ratio of recognition and make a conclusion that the feature extraction arithmetic and classifier arithmetic are efficient

    本文利用兩次松花湖湖泊試驗所采哈爾濱工程大學碩士學位論文集的船舶輻射噪聲數據進行分析處理，為了驗證模糊融合分類器的分類性能，依據具體情況做了兩個分類試驗，給出各自具體的識別率，並由此得出了相應的結論，即本文所選取的特徵提取和分類器演算法基本上是有效的。
  16. In this paper, the so preparing self - compacting concrete with low and middle strength using super fine mountain sand artifical sand and phosphorus slag is studied systemically. through the study the influence of the shape, the proportion of the dust and the grade of sand to the workability and the mechanical property of self - compacting concrete, it is found that super fine mountain sand artifical sand are not suit to prepare low and middle strength self - compacting concrete, but when they are combined and the additive and assistant band material are used, c20 - c40 high performance self - compacting concrete is prepared ; the corresponding additive is developed to solve the delamination caused by the low proportion of banding material ; the evaluating system for the workability of low and middle strength self - compacting concrete is built ; the controlling method for production, construction and curing was set up. and the result of the research is applied into several projects

    通過分析特細山砂和機制砂的顆粒形態、粉末含量、顆粒級配等特性對自密實混凝土的工作性能和力學性能的影響，發現特細山砂、機制砂不宜單獨用於配製中低強度等級自密實混凝土，宜將特細山砂和機制砂進行合理復配，並選擇合適的外加劑和礦物摻合料，優化配合比設計，可生產c20 c40中低強度等級自密實高性能混凝土；研製開發出了具有高效減水、保塑、抗離析功能的外加劑，有效解決了中低強度等級自密實混凝土由於膠凝材料用量少而出現的離析、泌水問題；應用正交設計方法，對因素和水平進行合理選擇，確定了生產中低等級自密實混凝土的最優配合比；建立了中低強度等級自密實混凝土的工作性評價體系；提出了生產、施工及養護的質量控制技術方法。
  17. It reduces obnoxious odour associated with crude oil, petroleum derivatives and other organic molecules that are proceeding through the natural decomposition process

    能有效減低由柴油石油衍生物以及由自然分解過程中形成的有機分子所產生的厭惡性氣味。
  18. There are lots of non - linear systems in the nature. because classical and morden control methods have common limitation : mathematical model of the plant has to be known in advance. but in fact many plants are intricate uncentaintied and time - varying. in addition, they also are non - linear. though there are methods of system identification in control theories, the identification theories and ways of non - linear and time - varying system are not mature and systematic. it is very difficult to carry out effective real - time control. the neural networks can approximate random non - linear relations and study by itself, and it provides new thoughts and new ways for solving these problems

    由於經典和現代控制方法存在一個共同的局限性：就是要求預先知道被控對象的數學模型，但實際上許多對象具有復雜的不確定性和時變性；此外還具有復雜的非線性。雖然在控制理論中有系統辨識的手段，但是對于非線性時變系統尚無成熟的和系統的辨識理論與方法，要實行有效的實時控制就很難了。人工神經元網路有表示任意非線性關系和自學習等能力，給解決這些問題提供了新思想和新方法。
  19. On the one hand, the industrial organizational optimum and the industrial intensivism is the result of enterprises " self - organization, in the process of pursuing profits, under the regulation of " the invisible hand ", enterprises continually enlarge their scale, enhance efficiency and promote the concentration of production. moreover they harmonize their relations through building big corporations and establishing long - term dealing relation ; on the other hand, the relations between enterprises of one certain industry, namely, industrial organization may be optimum ( as available competition ), may be not ( as excessive competition and high monopoly )

    一方面，產業組織優化和產業集約發展是企業自組織的結果，企業追求自身利益的過程中，在「看不見的手」的調節下不斷擴大企業規模，提高效率，推動著生產的集中，並通過組建企業集團或通過企業間確立長期交易關系協調了企業間關系；另一方面，由企業自組織力量推動形成的特定產業中的企業與企業間的關系，即產業組織，可能是優化的（如有效競爭） ，也可能是劣化的（如過度競爭和高度壟斷） 。
  20. Through the bonding tests and the theory analysis between the advanced composite glass sheets and the concrete under the general load - carrying condition, the iterative load - carrying condition, the freeze - thaw action, and the defective bonding, the calculative model has been established, and the numerical value of fibre sheet strain under different load - carrying has been confirmed. the bond strength calculative expressions for the concrete bonded with glass fibre sheet under the pull - shear and the bend load - carrying conditions have been established. the author put forward the decreasing coefficient and the calculative expressions for the influence of reinforce effect by the non - effective area and the calculative expressions for the influence of the freeze - thaw action on the carrying capacity of the concrete beams

    本文採用美國泰扶高強復合玻璃纖維布以及與之性能相當、由南京玻璃纖維研究院自行研製開發的egfw430型玻璃纖維布兩種材料，通過在靜載、重復荷載、凍融及有缺陷粘結條件下的高強玻璃纖維布與混凝土粘結性能的試驗研究與理論分析，建立了玻璃纖維布-混凝土的粘結計算模型，明確了不同受力狀態下纖維布應變的設計取值，提出了玻璃纖維布-混凝土抗剪粘結強度的計算公式;確定了考慮非有效粘貼面積對加固效果影響的折減系數;給出了凍融循環次數引起承載力下降的插值計算方法;並驗證了重復荷載作用下玻璃纖維布與混凝土良好的粘結性能。
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