有限主權論 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǒuxiànzhǔquánlún]
有限主權論 英文
theory of limited sovereignty
  • : 有副詞[書面語] (表示整數之外再加零數): 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • : Ⅰ名詞(指定的范圍; 限度) limit; bounds Ⅱ動詞(指定范圍, 不許超過) set a limit; limit; restrict
  • : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] (秤錘) counterpoise; weight (of a steelyard)2 (權力) power; authority 3 (...
  • : 論名詞(記錄孔子及其門徒的言行的「論語」) the analects of confucius
  • 有限 : limited; restricted; finite; a little; not much
  1. This dissertation can be divided into three parts as following : focusing on institutional risk control, this dissertation demonstrated the effect of institutional risk on dis " objects by analyzing the relationship between deposit insurance and financial development, financial stability and market discipline, in light of foreign or native primary theory and empirical results of dis. in virtue of statistical method and with the theory of game, this dissertation explored the cause the institutional risk such as moral risk and adverse selection, on the basis of which discussed the approach of controlling institutional risk and proper deposit insurance pattern. because deposit insurance assessment is the core of institutional risk control, this dissertation introduced and discussed deeply the passive casualty - insurance model, the option - pricing model, the game - theory - based pricing model, and reasonable pricing interval, and put forward the hierarchical pricing strategy of dis on the balance of information confiscatory and risk - based - assessment necessity

    本文以存款保險制度風險控制為中心,在借鑒國內外關于存款保險制度的基本理和實證的基礎上,通過分析存款保險與金融發展、金融穩定和市場懲戒等方面的關系,證了存款保險制度風險對存款保險制度目標的影響;並藉助統計學的方法,運用信息博弈的觀點,從要制度參與者? ?投保機構和存款保險機構? ?的效用函數出發,對存款保險所引發的道德風險和逆向選擇等制度風險的成因進行深入的剖析,探討效控制制度風險的途徑和制度參數的安排模式;由於存款保險定價是制度風險管理的核心問題,本文還專門對意外存款保險消極模型、存款保險的期定價模型、基於信息經濟學的存款保險定價模型以及合理定價區間等定價模式進行深入分析和詳細評述,闡述各種定價思路的局性和可能運用的空間,通過衡信息的充分性和風險定價的必要性,提出存款保險制度的層次性定價策略。
  2. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次,國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒,如解散登記制度,股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度,特別清算中的債協定製度,清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度,司法特別清算制度,清算人的代表性制度,法院消極監督清算制度,帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期制度等。由於理研究和立法的不足,造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂,損害了債人和利害關系人的利益,增加了市場體交易不安全感,破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德,浪費了社會資源,削弱了法律的威性和嚴肅性。文章認為,完善我國公司解散和清算制度,應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理和法律制度,統一我國關解散和清算立法,在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范,填補立法空白,創設法院解散公司制度,廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度,健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度(包括民事責任,刑事責任,行政責任,改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣,民事賠償范圍偏窄,刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況) ,從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度,使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求,符合市場經濟發展的基本方向,並與國外立法通例趨同。
  3. Furthermore, it analyzed the conflict in terms of the change of movable real right in the two systems and the effect of explanation and deploitation in terms of inscape of improper benefiting, scope of application and the effect of correcting the benefit imbalance which is caused by improper benefiting towards the system of non - reason of real right, and opened out the intrinsic relations between he system of non - reason of real right and the system of improper benefiting. the fourth part of the paper mainly analyzed our legislation pattern of real right alteration and the attitude towards non - reason of real right action in the field of civil law, and set forth the aim and existing obstacles in transplanting real right action and non - reason theory, and then pointed out, from the judge of theory, there are some factors of real right action in our exiting civil legislation and the biggest obstacle for transplanting the theory lies in the matter of cognition

    關於物行為無因性制度與不當得利制度的比較,要分析了物行為無因性在給付不當得利的構成要件、適用范圍等方面的解釋和開拓作用,以及不當得利制度對於物行為無因性制度所引起的利益失衡的平衡作用,指出物行為無因性與不當得利之間存在著某種內在聯系,在不承認物行為無因性原則的立法例中,不當得利請求處于輔助地位,在適用中多受制;在以物行為無因性原則為特徵的立法例中,不當得利制度在理上具圓通性,在實務上功能突出,成為救濟物行為無因性所導致的利益失衡狀態的效措施。
  4. This dissertation makes it clear the application premise of the doe, and based on which expounds the limitations to the whole doctrine of equivalents and all elements rule, then suggests the organic combination of them. meanwhile, the dissertation holds that the subjective standard for evaluating equivalency should be " the average technician pertaining to this field ", the objective standard be " insubstantial difference ", and the time be at the time of infringement. in addition, the dissertation stands for the abolition of the unnecessary appointing rule in consideration of some problems existing in this rule

    在闡明等同原則適用前提的基礎上分析了整體等同理和全部技術特徵原則的局性,並建議將兩者機結合起來;同時,張判定等同的體標準應是「所屬技術領域的普通技術人員」 ,客觀標準應是「非實質性不同」 ,判定等同的時間應以侵日為準;另外,鑒于多餘指定原則存在諸多問題,張廢除該原則。
  5. Including five main doctrines and its limitation about the civil priority theoretically for the moment ; its five leading features are legal quality of priority, preference quality of priority, vouch quality of priority, hypotaxis quality of priority, impartibility quality of priority ; four situations which can perish the civil priority are preponderate over the time efficacity, naturally extinguished of priority ’ s objective, adhered creditor ’ s right died out, compelled alienation of priority ’ s objective ; enumerating the material provision on civil priority in our laws, and carrying through the brief conclude to the range of civil priority which combined some elements of common civil law

    包括我國目前理界對民事優先概念的五種要學說及其局;民事優先的五種要特徵即優先的法定性、優先性、擔保性、從屬性和不可分性;民事優先的消滅的四種情形即超過時效、優先標的物自然滅失、依附的債消滅、優先標的物的強制轉讓;列舉了我國法律中關民事優先的具體規定,並結合一般民法原理對民事優先的順位進行了簡要歸納。
  6. Due to the special equity structure in china, company governance does n ' t pay attention to protect the investors, so the empirical results show as follows : ( l ) it exists the negative relation between the proportion of state - owned stocks and corporate performance ; it does n ' t exists the remarkable relation between the proportion of circulation stocks and corporate performance ; the function of corporation in company governance depends on its owned stocks. ( 2 ) the performance of equity - scattered company is superior to that of equity - gathered company, the performance of corporation - gathered company is superior to that of state company. ( 3 ) in the protective industries, the degree of equity d oes n ' t influence the performance, state - owned stocks play a leading role, there is a negative relation between the proportion of its stocks and croa, but there is n ' t a remarkable negative relation between the proportion of its stocks and roe ; in non - protective industries, the performance of equity - scattered company is superior to that of equity - gathered company, and the proportion of corporation stocks rise, the influence of proportion on corporate performance depends on its owned stocks. finally, it gives some reasonable suggestions and discusses the limits of research

    由於在我國特殊的股結構下,公司治理對投資者缺乏保護,實證結果表現為: ( 1 )國家股股東持股比例與公司績效存在負向關系;流通股股東持股比例與公司績效之間不存在顯著的關系;法人股股東在公司治理中的作用依持股水平而定; ( 2 )股分散公司的績效優于股集中公司,法人集中公司的績效優于國集中公司; ( 3 )在保護性行業,股集中程度對績效的影響不顯著,國家股佔導地位,其持股比例與績效指標croa存在負向關系,與績效指標roe存在不顯著負向關系;在非保護性行業,股分散公司的績效優于股集中公司,法人股比例上升,其持股比例對公司績效的影響依持股水平而定。最後,提出相應的政策建議並討了研究的局性。
  7. In chapter 9 we summarize the whole paper, and explain the shortages of this paper and problems to further study. main conclusions of this paper are as follows : the first, state - owned funds have always been predominant in venture capital sources in china, and this caused the " government - operated model " which leads to excessive government ' s interferes and distorted venture capital contracts ; the second, limited partnership contract is better than incorporated company contract, because the former has obvious advantages in not only encouragement and controls, but also in investors " profits. however, this paper insists, incorporated company contracts will still be very popular in the near future because limited partnership still be illegal in most provinces of china ; the third, venture capitalists " share of profits in compensation clause of fundraising contracts is influenced by investors " attitude towards difficulties and obstacles of future investment

    本文研究的要結:第一,在我國風險資本來源中,政府風險資本一直居於導地位,這造就了我國風險投資的「官辦官營」模式,使其契約機制從一開始就帶「行政干預」的烙印;第二,合夥契約在約束機制、激勵機制、投資者收益三個方面都明顯優于公司制契約,因此是我國風險融資契約的發展方向,但由於合夥在我國受到法律制,公司制契約在一定時期內仍是我國風險融資契約的要形式;第三,融資契約報酬條款中的激勵系數受體先驗概率影響,借鑒合夥契約,可對我國公司制融資契約進行改造與重構;第四,與債契約、普通股契約相比,可轉換優先股契約可以效緩解風險投資過程中的信息不對稱、降低代理成本,因此是我國風險投資契約的最優選擇。
  8. This essay includes five chapters. chapter 1 discusses on why to start the reforms and illustrates the importance of the study on reforms of small - sized state enterprises. chapter 2 is the compiled case with a thorough discription of the two rounds of reforms of the company. chapter 3 and 4 give us respective analyses on the reforms described in chapter 2, focusing on researches on property right defmition, employee stock ownership plans. quantification of human capital, withdrawal of state property and employee identity transform, etc. and the last chapter summarizes the successful experiences from the company ' s reforms and put forward new issues about state enterprises which oll for further researches

    文共分五部分,第一部分述為什麼要進行國企業改革以及研究小型國企業改革的意義;第二部分為案例,對廣漢市糧油機械公司的兩次改革實踐作全面描述;第三、四兩部分為案例分析,分別對案例描述的兩次改革進行分析,要研究產界定,內部職工持股,勞動產量化,國資產退出,職工身份的置換等問題;最後一部分從廣漢市糧油機械公司的兩次改革實踐中總結成功的經驗,並提出企業改革后需要進一步研究的問題。
  9. Securing judgment procedure is to protect the legal rights of creditor, under that aim, there also exist two direct aim, one is safeguard the execute of the judicial addict made in the future, the other is to avoid the unredemptive damages chapter 3 the type of civil securing judgment procedure this chapter researches into the type of civil securing judgment procedure and relevant legal basis in main countries, including the arrest and einstweligeverfugung in germany and japan, the juger en refere iprocedure and qrdanance sur requite in france, attachment, temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction in u. s, pre - judgement rremedies in britain, and property preservation and advance execution in china the civil securing judgment procedure system of france, u. s. and britain don t meet the situation and tradition custom of china, while the civil securing judgment procedure system of german and japan has deficiency the conclusion of this chapter is, we should reasonably reform current civil securing judgment procedure system of china, reconstruction the dual civil securing judgment procedure system under the division of property preservation and action preservaition chaptei4 court has the power of jurisdiction this chapter researches into the court which has jurisdiction to different kinds of securing

    筆者認為,民事保全程序存在審理階段的保全程序和執行階段的程序,是特別的訴訟程序和執行程序兼容;民事保全請求屬于廣義上的訴;民事保全屬于裁判(司法)和行政並存;民事保全程序應當體現迅速原則、全面保護雙方當事人;益原則、程序正當原則、保全措施的標的原則;民事保全程序的總目的是為了保護債人的合法益,其直接目的二:一是保障將來執行文書的強制執行,二是:避免將來無法挽回的損失。第三章民事保全的類型本章對各要國家關於民事保全的類型及其依據逐一作了述:德國和日本的假扣押與假處分、法國的緊急審理程序和依申請作出裁定的程序、美國的, 、一。扣押和中間禁令、英國的臨時性救濟措施、我國的財產保全和先予執行。
  10. The way of system alteration is to establish a complete collective property right system and to choose a suitable organization form. the most suitable organization form at present is mainly the limited liability company, which should be carried out from the top to the bottom. the creative value of this paper lies in its view that the lese system alteration at present should be mainly in the form of the limited - liability company

    本文得出了以下的結: ( 1 )勞服企業公司制改造必須以產、公司治理理為指導,解決為什麼要改、如何改這樣的最根本問題; ( 2 )勞服企業改制的目的是建立適應市場經濟要求的企業運行機制,提高企業競爭力,保證企業可持續發展; ( 3 )改制的途徑是建立完善的集體企業產制度,選擇適當的公司制組織形式,現階段以責任公司為要組織形式,並自上而下的進行。
  11. Socialism family and limited sovereignty. then the thesis assesses the achievement and false of brezhnev ’ s diplomatic strategy. last analyses the enlightenment to other socialism countries : socialism countries ’ diplomatic strategy should follow and serve the society ’ s development. socialism country should not lead a hegemony route

    接著介紹了勃列日涅夫外交戰略思想的要內容:世界革命戰略;對「火箭核戰略」的調整; 「緩和」戰略;社會義大家庭有限主權論
  12. However, once we take all - sided and impersonal view over the housing finance, we will definitely realize the conflict between the high speed and the low efficiency of it. in this paper, it ' s analyzed that there ' re five factors affecting the efficiency of housing finance, based on the basic situation of china as a developing country and according to some related theories of the western economics. the first one is the dual - track interest rate which presumes that price of housing credit financing is under the control of government to a certain extent, and the rest is open

    因此,本文從我國作為一個發展中國家? ?這一基本國情出發,以西方經濟學中關理為依據,分析影響我國住房金融效率的因素要包括:利率雙軌,即一部分住房信貸資金價格受到政府的管制,而另一部分住房信貸資金價格則是開放的;住房金融機構產不清,特別是政策性住房金融機構產不清而導致金融創新動力不足,金融工具品種單一,不能滿足居民需求多樣化的要求;住房信貸中由於較高的交易費用,而使內耗偏高、效率降低;住房金融機構不健全,既不存在真正的住房金融機構又缺乏相應的擔保機構;此外,住房金融中融資機制不完備,長期信貸資金來源不足與資產負債的期結構不匹配也是影響住房金融效率的一個要因素。
  13. The author points out that the existing problem of teachers " team of the universities and colleges is mainly as follows, to hold a post at present the knowledge structure lacks proper care, insufficient from the ability of teaching, the professional ethics come down, the ethics of the teaching profession is built to need strengthening, teacher ' s phenomenon understaffed is serious, the whole academic credentials are on the low side, teacher ' s in - service training is difficult, professional development shoulders heavy responsibilities, teacher ' s speciality acts on one ' s own and is limited, the professional right falls short of the reality etc. in the last two chapters of this thesis, author introduce institute thinking and practice from teachers " building of contingent that oneself belong to ; at the same time on the basis of using experience of teachers " building of contingent of other army for reference, the author proceeds from actual conditions of the holding a post type universities and colleges of our troops, hold a post to our troops building of teacher team, teachers of universities and colleges, make the idea, propose some suggestions about teacher team building

    接著作者考察了外軍任職教育的實踐與經驗,並對外軍師資隊伍建設的做法、特點等方面進行了探究。為了建設適應任職教育的師資隊伍,作者對當前任職教員隊伍的現狀進行了分析,指出當前任職院校師資隊伍存在的問題:知識結構失調,從教能力不足、職業道德滑坡,師德建設需要加強、教員缺編現象嚴重,整體學歷偏低、教員在職進修困難,專業發展任重道遠、教員專業自受到制,專業利名不副實等。在文的后兩章,作者介紹了自己所在的學院在師資隊伍建設方面的思路和實踐;同時在借鑒外軍師資隊伍建設經驗的基礎上,作者從我軍任職型院校的實際情況出發,對我軍任職院校師資隊伍建設做出了展望和構想。
  14. The difference between share right and share is that the former is a material right, while the later is a subject matter. the share right is transferable which is determined by its character about personal right, which is important to shareholders. the share right transfer is a conduct that a shareholder assigns his share right to somebody else on basis of law or article of association, and it is a significant way to implement the benefit of shareholders

    因此,本文試從股轉讓的概念、性質、特徵入手,分析歸納股轉讓的理基礎與基本原則,並通過對境外相關股轉讓的觀點及立法例進行比較分析,結合我國當前責任公司股轉讓制度的具體規定,得出現立法在規范不同意轉讓之股東購買義務、優先購買行使體、異議股東退股以及基於夫妻財產分割而發生的股轉讓等方面存在著不足,並對此提出相關改進或完善建議。
  15. According to the basic principle that labor is the focus of human ' s essence, marx thinked that the basis of possessions was labor. and then, after researching the illogicality that the ownership just refers to possessions and the illogicality in capitalism system, marx brought forward the conception : " ownership of labor force ". under the guidance of marks " socialism theories, the workers contended with bourgeois, which made the ownership of labor force be establish at last in rights system of capitalism

    資產階級思想家認為所僅僅是物的所,而資本是物的所的根據? ?資本價值;馬克思的勞動社會義理按照勞動是人的本質的核心這一基本原則,從勞動是物的所的根據? ?勞動價值這一邏輯前提出發,通過揭示資產階級將所定在「物」的邏輯矛盾以及資本雇傭勞動關系中矛盾,提出了勞動力所;而勞動力所的確立,是勞動者在社會義理的指導下,聯合起來同資產階級進行斗爭的結果。
  16. Though not in line with the present laws and policies concerning real estate, many of the conclusions in this thesis result from the writer ' s long years of study and practice. these conclusions are as follows. law should not put a restriction to the assignment of the right to the use of land ; acceptance terms in the commercial housing advance sales are parts of its contract and are legally binding on the signatory parties ; the system should be set up to permit the assignment of collective ownership of land and the compensated use of curtilage in rural area ; law should permit the selling of rural houses to non - agricultural population ; the bona fide acquistio n should be applicable in china ; by analyzing the leagal theory and relevant cases concerning the dual purchase and sale of real estate, it is held that while stressing the power of registration, laws should protect the interest of the well - meaning party who faultlessly fails to register, and individuals should be regarded as the subject in the exclusive selling contract of commercial housing

    本文是筆者長期工作實踐和精心研究的成果,許多見解與現行房地產法律、法規不一致,本文要的創造性成果和新見解概括如下:法律不應當對土地使用轉讓條件加以制;預售商品房廣告承諾是商品房預售合同的組成部分並具法律約束力;建立集體土地使用轉讓制度和宅基地償使用制度,許可農村房屋出賣給非農業人口,促進農村房地產業的發展;我國應適用不動產善意取得制度;通過對房屋雙重買賣法律問題的理和相關案例分析,認為在強調登記效力的同時,應注意對善意一方當事人非因其過錯而未進行登記情況下的利益保護;個人應當成為商品房包銷合同的體。
  17. Thirdly, it is supported by java technology. java language is not only a right programming language to build agent, but also it has some characters such as architecture neutral and higher safety, running java applet, program can increase the functions of the client, lighten the burden on the server, as well as can operate the client contents according to the privilege assigned, and in order to increase the safety of system. finally, in the thesis, by using the knowledge related probability and statistics, author puts forward a kind of method which can make the grade mark quantifying, and with this method, the problem which is how to get an accurate evaluation for the subjective test questions that learners answer in exam, is solved primely

    本文針對以上缺點,提出基於agent的個性化遠程教學系統,本系統中引入分散式人工智慧( dai )領域中的agent技術,在系統中構造一個學習者agent ,它隨時跟蹤學習者的學習過程,記錄其興趣、愛好等個性特徵,並適時地調整對其採用的教學策略,效地解決了目前的系統智能性較低的缺點;其次,本系統採用xml技術來組織教學內容,改變了html中內容和形式捆綁在一起的缺點,使得內容和形式相分離,從而可以為太原理工大學碩士學位文不同認知水平的學習者提供不同的教學內容,增強了交互功能;另外,本系統採用java技術, java語言不僅適合作為agent的開發語言,而且java語言具平臺無關和安全性高的特點,通過運行javaapplet來增強客戶端的功能,減輕服務器端負擔,並且這些appiet根據客戶賦予的對客戶端內容進行操作,增加了安全性;最後,本文運用概率與數理統計學中方法,提出一種把等級成績數量化的方法,很好地解決了對學習者考試中觀題的準確評價問題,為實現個性化教學提供了一個較準確的依據。
  18. To perform it, its legislative key points must be grasped in theory ; in practice the main purpose is to coordinate the conflicts between ensuring the equal rights of the creditors and fully encouraging the creditors " rights of subrogation. the debtors also have the conflicts between deciding the usage of their property on their own and limiting the creditors " disposing of their property

    其成立,理上要把握其法定的要件,實踐中掌握此問題要基於代位的保全債的基本目的,協調好確保債人地位平等與充分鼓勵債人行使代位之間的矛盾;債務人財產的自制債務人對其財產的處分之間的矛盾。
  19. In the eyes of property right economics, this article agrees on the basic viewpoint which property right originates from " invalidation " of rare property ownership ' s integrality and exclusive. it initially analyzes the importance of property right stimulation through discussing the basic behavior characteristics of the main body of the property right, that is, human being ' s limited rational, selfish and opportunism tendency

    文章以產經濟學的視角,認同產源於稀少性財產所完整性和排他性的「失效」這一基本觀點,通過對產體基本行為特徵(人的理性、自利性、機會義傾向)的討,初步分析了進行產激勵的重要性。
  20. It points out that mechanisms in limited partnership screens risk investor effectively and reduces the agent ' s cost, such as the pay for venture capitalist, limited life cycle of fund, venture capitalist bearing unlimited liability, etc. at investment stage of venture capital, through analysing the arrangement such as the choice of investment tool, staging of investment and estimating enterprises " value again based on enterprise ' s achievement, control distribution etc. first, choice of investment tool is the core of agreement, and determines the principal - agent relationship between venture capitalist and entrepreneur to a great extent

    文對風險投資機構的兩種要的組織形式? ?公司制和合夥制進行了對比研究,深入分析了合夥制的要制度安排,指出合夥制的報酬體系、風險投資家承擔無責任、基金的生命周期等機制的設計,效的篩選了風險投資家並降低了代理成本。風險投資投資階段,通過對投資中投資工具的選擇、分階段投資與基於業績的價值重估以及風險企業控制的分配等制度安排的研究,指出:一、投資工具的選擇是風險投資契約的核心,在很大程度決定了風險投資家與創業家之間的委託代理關系。
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