梁地 的英文怎麼說

3 analyzing particle size of the wind - blown sediment and surface soil indicate that the former in 0. 02mm - 0. 2mm occupy about 40 % and 55 % of sloping field and shoaly land of bashang, which shows that bashang is the erosion and desertification region or the latency. 4 the search of decreasing effect of wood strap indicates that in lower wind speed the effect is distinct

3風蝕物及表層土壤顆粒粒徑分析表明，地表200cm高度內風蝕物粒徑在0 . 02mm 0 . 2mm之間；壩上地區坡梁地與灘地該粒徑范圍顆粒分別佔40和55左右，說明壩上地區是風蝕沙化或潛在風蝕沙化地區。

Secondly, this paper made some theoretic researches on its engineering classfication and applicable scope for this technology ; then combining with project example, this paper carried out scheme design for this technology, and compared some different kinds of underpinning scheme and node and structure design, and put forward the method of " reinforcce steel bar through column " to build pile cap beam, " resistant bend and shear anchored reinforce steel bar " to strengthen column consolidation effect, and the method of " steel plate hoop " to build reinforcing bar connection of the foundation beam, etc. in the process of the consturction scheme research and implement, this paper synthetically elaborated the organizaton for project construction, put forward the construction technical measure of specific aim on the artificial pile, and pile cap beam, and underground adding layer and structure stabilization, and overall structure stabilization and so on. for this project, adopt reinforcing bar concrete to brace hole wall to ensure the safety of engineering in the artificial pile construction, use flexible connection catch to make the cage hoisting easier to simplify the construction process, use the method of earthwork statified symmetrical balance in the process of underground adding layer excavation

本文首先對于基礎托換與結構加固技術的目的和意義、國內外發展狀況進行了綜合闡述；其次對該項技術工程分類及適應范圍進行了理論上的分析研究；然後結合工程實例對該項技術進行了方案設計，對比幾種不同的托換方案和節點及構造設計，提出了「通筋穿柱法」做承臺梁， 「抗彎抗剪錨筋法」強化柱加固效果， 「鋼板箍法」做地基梁鋼筋連接點等多項技術；在施工方案的研究和實施過程中，對于工程施工組織進行綜合闡述，並就人工挖孔樁、承臺梁、地下加層及結構加固、整體結構穩定等專項施工方案提出有針對性的施工技術措施，人工挖孔樁施工採用鋼筋砼護壁確保挖孔樁的安全成型，使用柔性連接鉤進行鋼筋籠吊裝簡化施工工序；承臺梁施工採用梁主筋橫穿柱身化學膠錨固等；地下加層綜合施工技術採用土方分層對稱平衡開挖，分段挖土做筏基結構自穩等；最後對于該工程實施后的效果分析，說明該項綜合施工技術的可行性。

The non - irrigation plantation in moving sand dune and sandy girder areas should adopt some biological and engineering measures such as runoff - collecting to improve effects of rainfall, reduce losses by evaporation and depth leaking, and improving circulation and transformation of water in sandy plantation ecology system by reasonable allocation

在無灌溉條件的流動沙丘和沙梁地，通過徑流匯集利用，充分實現降雨的有效化，利用各種生物和工程措施來減少植被系統的無效蒸發散損失和深層滲漏，通過合理配置提高水資源的循環與轉化是沙區發展免灌植被的主要途徑。

Based on the study of oil and gas origin, source rock maturation and hydrocarbons expulsion history as well as structural development history, oil and gas reservoirs " formation timing is studied

陸梁地區的天然氣大致可分為兩類，埋深小於1500n的生物氣或生物氣hb溫熱解氣和埋深大於1500 。的油型氣。

Chemical admixtures have become the indispensable ingredient of modern concrete and gained wide uses in the fields of civil engineering, water conservancy constructions, road and bridge, underground structures, oil well platforms and marine constructions, etc. as the most important kind of chemical admixture, the fabrication and application technology of superplasticizers, to some extend determine the development of production technology of concrete

混凝土外加劑已經成為現代混凝土材料的基本組份，正在建築工程、水利水電、道路橋梁、地下結構、石油鉆井及海工結構等中獲得越來越廣泛的應用。高效減水劑是混凝土外加劑中最重要的化學外加劑，其生產和應用技術水平很大程度上決定著當今混凝土材料生產技術和施工應用水平。

All of theses database was integrated into a land information system, which can be used to land evaluation and land use analysis. the second part is the application of soter land information system in land evaluation, based on water balance model watsat, crop simulation model ps 123 and ales ( automated land evaluation system ). the handan land evaluation model was built in ales based on expert knowledge and farmer s " experiences, it includs three decision trees, namely soil erosion risk, soil water condition and soil fertility

以邯鄲地區1 25萬soter土壤土地數據庫為基礎，探討了土壤參數區域化問題，並利用watsat區域水分平衡模型，研究了邯鄲地區區域水分平衡：大部分地區土壤水分滿足夏玉米生長需求， （ suff ）值為0 . 8 - 1 . 0 ，非常適宜；部分地區如大名地區、邯鄲和永年部分地區、涉縣溝谷坡梁地區土壤水分適宜夏玉米生長， suff值0 . 4 ? 0 . 8 ；不適宜地區， suff值0 . 2 ? 0 . 4 ，主要集中於丘陵山區以及平原古河谷地礫石和粗砂分佈區。

Methods of seismic response analysis for long - span bridges under multi - support excitations of random earthquake ground motion

隨機地震動場多點激勵下大跨度橋梁地震反應分析方法

This paper emphatically analyses the distribution of airborne radiocactive anomalies in wudaoliang area, eastern chaidam basin, as well as the nature of these anomalies, locations, uranium and radium contents and uranium - radium equilibrium in anomalous areas

摘要本文著重分析了柴達木盆地東部五道梁地區航放異常的展布特徵、異常性質、產出位置，異常區鈾、鐳含量及鈾鐳平衡狀態。

Considering the influence of dynamic water to the seismic response of the bridge ; 3

根據橋墩全部淹沒在水中的特點，考慮了動水作用對橋梁地震反應的影響； 3

Bridge - signifies a governor or magistrate

橋梁地方總督、地方行政官。

This paper introduces the development and present situation of vibration absorb technology in the world ; generally analysis the rubber - bearing ( rb ) and lrb " s operative mechanism, function and the calculation of parameter ; advance the concept of standardization to lrb ; on the basis of generally analyzing the connected factor such as the site category, the diameter of lead bar, the height of bearing, the designing carrying capacity, the span of bridge, the inherent period and the displacement of rb, determine the parameter, the absorbing vibration target, the method and the process of standardization to lrb ; then according to the two - step rule of resisting and defending earthquake, and combining with the response spectrum theory in the seismic vibration of bridge, make a lot of calculation and analysis of vibration absorb design to the real bridge collected and combined by finite element program ; at last, gives the result of standardization through diagram and explains to its usage

本論文介紹了國內外減震技術的發展和現狀；綜合分析了普通板式橡膠支座和鉛銷橡膠支座的工作機理、性能及參數的計算；提出了鉛銷橡膠支座標準化的概念；在綜合分析場地土、鉛銷直徑、支座高度、設計承載力、橋梁跨徑、固有周期以及支座變位等影響因素的基礎上，確定了鉛銷橡膠支座標準化的參數、減震目標、方法和過程；並根據抗震設防兩階段原則，結合橋梁地震振動理論的反應譜法，運用有限元程序對收集和組合的實橋進行了大量減震設計的計算和分析；最後以圖表的形式給出了鉛銷橡膠支座標準化的結果，並說明了其使用方法。

In a word, the works of this paper is as follows : 1, about the stability analysis of bridge foundation, the variational kp method is researched. at the same time, an improved method that not only keeps the merits of the former method, but also improves the precision and extends the range is putted forward. at the basis of pointing out the phenomena of sloping surface moving when the loading, structural boundary or hydrology and geology conditions changes, the dynamic stability analysis to considering the moving of sloping surface is putted forwarded

本文主要在以下幾個方面開展研究工作： 1 、在大型橋梁地基基礎的穩定性分析方面，對非線性有限元求解方法?變k _ p法進行了研究，在保持原有方法優點的同時，提出了一種改進方法，可以提高該方法的求解精度與適用范圍；在指出最不利滑動面會在荷載、結構邊界、水文地質條件等發生變化時發生遷移現象的基礎上，提出了基於最不利滑移面遷移的穩定性動態分析方法。

Seismic pounding responses of urban elevated bridges considering spatial variation of ground motion

考慮地震動空間效應的城市高架橋梁地震碰撞響應分析

Meanwhile, the influence of overlapping area on the beam foundation is modified by means of load amendment, and the influence of overlapping area on the pile - beam foundation is modified by means of stiffness amendment. by applying the model of stress - spread in shear - displacement method to describe the stress spread between piles and the geddes hypothesis to determine the stress distribution of pile, a displacement coefficient is deduced to calculate the flexibility matrix and the coefficient for load distribution of pile. considering the stiffness of foundation beam, the equation of the interaction of pile - beam - soil is established and an analysis program is developed related to the interaction

本文通過採用剪切位移法中的應力擴散模型考慮樁與樁之間的應力傳遞作用；採用geddes假定確定樁身和樁端的應力分佈，推導位移系數，並以此為基礎求得柔度矩陣；樁身和樁端的應力分佈大小由樁的荷載分配系數控制，通過迭代法可以求出樁的荷載分配系數；在考慮基礎梁對樁?梁?地基土共同作用的剛度貢獻基礎上，提出了樁?梁?地基土共同作用方程，並通過本文作者開發的相應計算程序，經實例計算驗證了本文方法的正確性。

Study status and development on seismic response of long span bridges

大跨度橋梁地震響應研究現狀與發展

Effect of frozen soil layer on seismic response of bridges

凍土層對橋梁地震反應的影響

The asynchronous excitation model for the seismic response analysis of long - span bridges

大跨度橋梁地震響應分析中的非一致地震激勵模型

The amount of cultivated land decreased, in - order, from the bottomlands to the hills with soft covers, the hills with hard covers and sand lands, while the amount of grassland is in an opposite direction

即由灘地、軟梁地、硬梁地到沙地，耕地的出現頻率依次減少，草地則依次增多。但此規律受人類活動等影響，差異變小。

Abstract with the development of bridge construction in china, the bridge foundation safely monitor became a very important work

隨著我國橋梁事業的飛速發展，大型橋梁地基基礎的安全監測成為一項十分重要的工作。

The aim of this work is to develop the time - domain analysis method is to develop a linear and nonlinear analysis for vibration response in time - domain

本文的研究目的是通過對地震動幾何非線性響應理論的探討，改進大跨度橋梁地震響應的時域分析方法，並將此方法應用於湖南洞庭湖大橋地震響應分析。