條形地基 的英文怎麼說

In view of bearing capacity of the elastoplastic theory analysis, the author made a comparison between the achieved bearing capacity limit load pi / 4 of round base ( space problem ) and the limit load pi / 4 of bar groundwork foundation design ( plane problem ) from soil mechanics at home and abroad as well as foundation criterion, and explained why the value of formula in present design criterion from soil mechanics is inclined to be conservative. in the light of the author ' s many years experience of vibration test on the spot and the research work of relevant projects, the author worked over the dynamic pile testing of the bearing capacity of foundation and batholith, and gathered the parameter of dynamic analysis and testing. the author also talked over the difficult point of pile foundation design criteria in present batholith engineering world, i. e. the confirmation of batholith bearing capacity of pile end, from the following aspects : a ) confirmation of single axis counter - pressure strength of rock in house ; b ) f. e. m calculation of elastoplastic model ; c ) calculation of soil mechanics ; d ) deep well load test

然後，對巖土工程領域至今尚未解決，甚至不為人注意的考慮地基變形的地基承載力問題進行了實用化的探討，提出了考慮地基變形的地基承載力上程計算方法；對基於彈塑性理論分析的地基承載力國內尚未見報道的空間問題得到了圓形基礎（空間問題）的承載力界限荷載p _ （ 1 / 4 ） ，並與國內外土力學專著及地基基礎設計規范中的條形基礎（平面問題）的界限荷載p _ （ 1 / 4 ） ，進行了對比，從而定量上解釋了目前設計規范引用土力學承載力公式值偏於保守的這一情況；根據本文作者多年從事現場地基工程振動試驗及相關課題的研究工作，本文以截頭錐模型模擬地基，對地基（巖基）承載力的動測法進行了研究，為各類地基（包括巖基） ，匯總了動力分析和檢測川的參數：針對日前巖土工程界應用樁基設計規范中的難點? ?樁端巖基承載力的確定問題，從巖石室內單軸抗壓強度確定、基於彈塑性模型的有限單元法計算、土力學計算及深斤載荷試驗四方面進行了深入討論；本文作者根據多年現場載荷試驗的工程實踐，對深井荷試驗裝置的核心部分? ?反力裝置，設計了側壁支撐反力加載系統，該加載系統具有實用、簡便、穩定及安個等優點。

On the basis of the others, according to the constructional feature of the constitution of the composed soil nails, the computation mode of the he strut frame made of composed soil nails was set up to analyze the distortion of the he strut frame made of composed soil nails when it is stressed. with the engineering data, the strut frame made of composed soil nails is analyzed with the program ababqus, and the effects of the distortion characters, the property of the deposition of the ground, the mechanical property of the soil nails, the variation of the length and the separation of the soil nails, and the diametric of the mixing piles on the strut frame made of composed soil nails, and the distortion property of the strut frame made of composed soil nails under different ground conditions

在總結前人的研究成果下，針對復合土釘墻構造的特點，建立了模擬復合土釘墻受力變形的計算模型，並結合工程實測資料，運用大型通用有限元程序ababqus對復合土釘墻進行了有限元分析，詳細討論了復合土釘支護結構開挖過程中的變形特性、地面沉降性狀、土釘受力性狀；土釘長度變化、土釘間距變化、攪拌樁樁徑變化對復合土釘支護結構的影響；復合土釘支護結構在不同地基條件下的變形特性。

Based on analysis of geologic foundation record about pingzhuang basin, a lot of sino - foreign geothermal geology record and investigation of field geology, measuring of ground temperature in person and geo - chemical analysis of ascension spring, gushing water of fault, the fact that the anomaly of geothermal gradient of pingzhuang basin, which is in region of low geothermal gradient, is caused by redistribution of conduction - oriented geothermal heat flow which is result from upheaval and depression of basin foundation bed is pointed out. after the field of ground temperature is simulated under the background of conduction - oriented geothermal heat flow by means of ansys, the characteristic of ground temperature distribution of top surface of basin foundation bed ( yixian team ) is revealed. the sound condition of transmissibility fault and feeding water source, which are imperative in formation of the low - medium temperature geothermal system of convective type, is possessed in pingzhuang basin

通過對平莊盆地基礎地質資料、國內外大量地熱地質資料的分析和野外地質調查、礦井實測地溫以及上升泉、斷層涌水的地球化學分析等工作基礎上，指出地處低地溫梯度背景區的平莊盆地地溫梯度異常是由於盆地基底隆起和坳陷引起傳導型大地熱流再分配所致；運用州sys數值模擬了大地熱流向地表傳導背景下的盆地地溫場，從而揭示了盆地基底（義縣組）頂界面地溫分佈特徵；闡明了盆地具有形成中低溫對流型地熱系統所必需的導水斷裂、補給水源等的良好條件，中低溫對流型地熱系統是地熱勘查的主要對象；圈定了平莊盆地北部朝陽溝?駱駝營子地熱勘查遠景區。

Compared with the mud on wall form hole technology, clash stake technology or vibration sink pipe technology used in complex foundation stake forming, it has advantages of no vibration, no pollution, and no noise. in addition, since the concrete pressed into the drill stem sent vibration free concrete to the pump, so it is eas y to ensure the quality of the stake body. compared with the mud on wall and dry work form hole technology, the side obstruction and end obstruction of screw drill press concrete stake have all been accordingly improved, the weight bearing is better, and the transmutation of the complex foundation is less

其中，螺旋鉆孔壓灌混凝土成樁技術自研製以來，已在多項復合地基工程中進行了應用，較好地解決了軟弱地層成孔困難的問題，適應地質條件范圍廣，成樁速度較快，工期短、工效高；與復合地基成樁時的泥漿護壁成孔工藝、振沖樁工藝或振動沉管工藝施工比較，具有無振動、無污染、無噪音的優點；另外，壓入鉆桿內的混凝土為泵送免振混凝土，因此樁體質量易於保證；與泥漿護壁和干作業成孔工藝相比，螺旋鉆孔壓灌混凝土成樁的側阻和端阻都有相應的提高，樁的承載性能較好，復合地基的變形較小。

In this thesis, studies are focused on as follows : ( 1 ) based on analyzing the general transfer - matrix, the conception of the generalized double layer soil model is proposed, and the transfer - matrix ( r ) of half - infinite elastic mass is introduce - d to the analytic expressions of stress and settlement under the uniform circular, rectangular and strip vertical loads in multi - layered soil ; ( 2 ) according to the analytic expressions of the additional stress and settlement under unifo - rm circular in multi - layered soil, rectangular and strip vertical loads, the programs are develop - ed to resolve and debugged. the results show that the programs are correct ; ( 3 ) through calculating the coefficient of additional stress on the central axis of uniform circ - ular vertical loads, under the corner point of the uniform rectangular vertical loads, and on the central axis of uniform strip vertical loads, and the settlement on the center of uniform circular vertical loads and uniform rectangular loads in double - layered soil, the characters of stress and settlement are discussed ; ( 4 ) a case, as an example, is studied with different calculation methods, such as traditional theory, fem. the results obtained are compared

本文在已有研究成果的基礎上進一步開展了以下幾方面的研究： （ 1 ）在對層狀地基傳遞矩陣法中的總傳遞矩陣分析的基礎上，提出了廣義雙層地基模型的概念，並把半無限體的傳遞矩陣r引入到多層地基在圓形垂直均布荷載、矩形垂直均布荷載及條形垂直均布荷載作用下附加應力與沉降的解析式中； （ 2 ）根據多層地基在圓形荷載、矩形垂直均布荷載及條形垂直均布荷載作用下附加應力與沉降的解析式，編制了程序，調試通過並驗證了其正確性； （ 3 ）通過對雙層地基圓形垂直均布荷載中心軸線上的附加應力系數和荷載中心沉降，矩形垂直均布荷載角點下的附加應力系數和荷載角點沉降及條形垂直均布荷載中心軸線上的附加應力系數進行的計算，探討了雙層地基中的附加應力與沉降特性； （ 4 ）應用本文的層狀地基體系理論對一個工程實例進行了計算分析，並與傳統的計算方法的計算結果和有限單元方法的計算結果進行了對比分析，結果表明利用層狀地基理論計算更能反映地基中附加應力分佈的實際情況。

Consequently, on the basis of non - winkler foundation model, a finite - element method that utilizes foundation flexibility matrix into iterative calculation is proposed in this paper originated from the item " the optimal design theory and research of pile capping beam " sponsored by natural science fund of hunan province, which the continuity of soil mass can be accounted for under various boundary conditions, different loadings and irregular beam characters

本文結合湖南省自然科學基金項目「樁基承臺梁優化設計理論與方法研究」 ，針對非文克爾地基（半空間、線性變形層或單向壓縮層地基模型等）上的樁基承臺梁，提出一種利用地基柔度矩陣來進行迭代的有限單元法，可充分考慮梁下土體的連續性，並對基礎與土體脫開、承臺梁截面變化、梁體邊界條件復雜、上部荷載類型變化以及梁下基樁承載力差異等情況進行分析計算。

The behavior of capping beam that joints single rank of piles, which nowadays is widely applied to the construction in china, is complexly influenced by many factors. while conversed continuum beam pattern is primarily adopted in existent design methods to predigest computations, it still lacks of satisfaction as a result that it could n ' t reflect on the variance of piles and the infection of soil

條形樁基連續承臺梁在我國現代建築工程中應用極為廣泛，其受力影響因素極為復雜，現行設計大多採用倒置的連續梁模式進行簡化計算，其無法考慮基樁的差異性以及地基土體對承臺梁的影響，計算結果難以令人滿意。

The paper discusses dynamical conditions of the supercritical ore - forming fluid system based on study of regional geological background and analyses of physiochemical conditions of ore - forming process and puts forth the ore - forming mechanism : upper mantle uplift - mingling of meteoric water and magmatic hydrothermal fluid separated from acidic magma under tensile or transitional tensile environment - water / rock reaction - transportation - chemical coupling ore precipitation

在分析超臨界成礦流體系統形成的區域地質背景和研究成礦物理化學條件的基礎上，探討了超臨界成礦流體系統形成的動力學條件，提出該系統的成礦機理：與燕山晚期酸性火山侵入巖漿有關的金銅礦床是在上地慢隆起、張性或向張性過渡背景下形成的，酸性巖漿經熔體流體分離作用形成的巖漿熱液與大氣降水混合，經水巖作用等復雜的輸運和化學反應耦合過程的動力學產物。

The investigation and study showed that caused by the influencing factors of unit of tectonics, structures of floor rock stratum, conditions of landform, seismic intensities, fault, thickness of malan loess, the distribution of seismic loess landslides is very asymmetrical, which mainly show shapes of patch, belt, line, and there are different development characteristics in different regions

現場調查顯示，受大地構造單元、基底巖層結構、地形地貌條件、地震烈度、斷裂構造和馬蘭黃土臨空厚度等因素影響，地震黃土滑坡的展布形態較為復雜，在空間上分佈很不均勻，常表現為片狀、帶狀和線狀展布，並在不同區域有不同的發育特點。

The inner factors refer to the mechanical behavior such as the rock type, density, construction parameter, etc. and the outer factors refer to the foundation condition, geological condition, valley shape, rise and fall of water level, seepage due to respiration

內因是指堆石料的巖質巖性、密實程度、施工參數等組成壩體的各種力學性質；外因是壩址所處的基礎條件和兩岸的地形地質等條件、河谷形狀、水庫水位的變化、降雨浸潤等因素。

In the resent years, our state invests much for important engineering projects, irrigation works, expressway, underground and so on. as huge engineerings deal with complex foundation condition, there are often poor foundation, and because the engineerings are very important, the their request for stress is more rigorous than common ones

近幾年，國家投資建設了許多重要工程，水利水電工程，高速公路，地鐵工程等等，由於大型工程涉及的地質條件會復雜些，往往會遇到軟弱地基，由於工程的重要性，對于變形的控制要比一般工程嚴格一些。

In the course of soft soil foundation ditch construction, according to the soil condition of main foundation ditch and characteristics of geology and geomorphology around in yaojiang lock, proper construction technology was adopted to achieve satisfactory construction effect with the least input

摘要介紹根據姚江船閘主體基坑的土質條件和周邊的地形、地貌特點，在軟土地基基坑施工過程中因地制宜採取相應的施工工藝，以盡可能少的施工投入取得滿意的施工效果。

Based on an analysis of dynamic conditions for migration and precipitation of gold grains in water system and their diffusion in soil, this paper has advanced a discriminant formula for surfacce ore potential of gold anomalies from 1 : 50000 stream sediment survey, recounted methods for estimating the highest gold grade ores within the anomalies, calculated the discriminant indices for qinba area, and summed up index characteristics of ore - induced gold anomalies in 1 : 10000 soil survey, estimation formulae for orebody location as well as coefficients and constants of slope angles of various orders and grades

摘要在分析金粒在水系中運移、落淤和在土壤中擴散動力條件的基礎上，本文建立了五萬分之一水系沉積物測量金異常地表含礦性的判別公式，闡述了推算異常內礦石最高金品位的方法並計算了秦巴地區的判別指數；總結出萬分之一土壤測量礦致金異常的標志特徵、礦體定位的估算公式及各級次地形坡度角的系數和常數。

Based on biot ' s theory, the basic equations and solution conditions were established for the consolidation problem of the composite foundation with single column considering soil - column interactions when load was applied on the top of column only or applied on the top of both column and soil, and the solution for deformations of soil and column were obtained in the forms of laplace and hankel transformation

基於biot理論，分別對在樁頂受外荷載作用和樁土共同受外荷載作用的情況下考慮樁土相互作用的單樁復合地基固結問題建立了基本方程和求解條件，並在laplace變換域和hankel變換域內得到了土體和樁體的變形解答。

The main work includes : based on biot ' s dynamic consolidation equations, by the method of integral transform and matrix transfer, two - dimensional consolidation of layered saturated soils is studied. then, the general integral solutions of stress ( including pore pressure ) and displacement ( including fluid flow ) of any point were obtained under harmonic vibration loads according to staunch boundary condition. second, a program to verify the correctness of this dissertation is developed

主要工作有：本文根據biot平面動力固結方程，運用積分變換和矩陣傳遞的方法，研究了成層飽和地基的二維biot固結問題，根據下邊界為不透水基巖的邊界條件，獲得了地基表面作用簡諧振動荷載時，任意點應力（包括孔壓） 、位移（包括流體流量）的一般積分形式解。

The structure arrangement of the intake tower for the underground hydropower station of baise project is suit to the complex topography and geology condition, and the hydraulic test shown that the flow pattern entering the tower is well

百色水利樞紐地下水電站進水塔結構布置，較好地適應了地基復雜的地形地質條件，水流流態良好。

This kind of instability bulk movement is induced by wave cyclic loading, as a result the slope of bottom bed decrease, water depth increase, and instability bulk movement has the character of subregion, regularity and head erosion, thus it will influence evolvement of region of interest landform, and change flow field and bottom stratum condition continually, so will lead to dynamic influence on structure foundation soil

這種不穩定塊體運動由波浪循環荷載誘發，其結果使底床整體坡度減緩，水深加大，而且不穩定的塊體運動具有小區域、多發性和溯源侵蝕的特點，將繼續影響著海域以後的水深地形的發展演化，並不斷改變著該區的流場與底床地層條件，對構築物地基土的穩定性產生著動態的影響。

On the basis of enough sources, better relations of space arrangement of oil generation, migration and reserver, good conditions of reservoirs and caprocks, subtle reservoirs are formed, such as lithological reservoirs, stratigraphic overlapping reservoirs, fault block reservoirs, palaeoburied reservoirs and fault - nose reservoirs

在油源充足，良好的生運儲空間配置關系，優越的儲層條件和蓋層條件的基礎上，形成了巖性油氣藏、地層超覆油氣藏、斷塊油氣藏、古潛山油氣藏和斷鼻構造油氣藏等多種類型的隱蔽油氣藏。

According to the geological conditions of baise project, erosive bands and joint fissures, f6 fault and grout curtain are fully simulated to establish 3d numerical model of the dam and its foundation. 3d non - linear fem is used to analyze the stress and strain and to appraise the operation state of both the dam and it ' s foundation under different operation conditions. by overloading the upstream water level and reducing rock strength parameter, the dam foundation ' s degradation process is simulated and the damage pattern and paths are determined, and finally the safety factor is determined

2 、根據百色的地形地質條件，充分模擬了蝕變帶、節理裂隙、 f6斷層、灌漿帷幕等，較為真實地建立了壩體與地基相互作用的整體三維數值模型；採用有限元法對壩體及壩基在不同工況下的應力應變狀態開展分析，評價各工況下壩基的運行狀態；而後採用超載法和綜合法對大壩穩定性進行分析，模擬壩基的漸進性破壞過程，從而得到壩基在超載和強度下降過程中的破壞模式和破壞發展路徑，最終確定壩基超載安全系數和綜合安全系數。

The analytic solutions of isotropic elastic layered soil under axisymmetrical, rectangular and strip loads were derived from the basic equations of isotropic elastic mechanics by means of transfer - matrix method. by the result, can easily calculate the additional stress and settlement in layered soil. but these solutions could not properly assess the errors from the elastomer of the bottom layer in foundation soil

從各向同性彈性力學基本方程出發，利用傳遞矩陣法推導出的多層彈性地基問題在軸對稱荷載、矩形荷載和條形荷載作用下附加應力與沉降的解析解，可以方便地求出層狀地基中的附加應力和沉降，而他們均沒有考慮最下層彈性體計算深度引起的誤差影響。