梯度的變化 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [tīdùdebiànhuà]
梯度的變化
英文
change of gradient-
To corner feature, both gradient magnitude change and direction change of gradient vector are discontinuity in a local image neighborhood, hence gradient - direction variation and gradient magnitude are used as another decision rule of the corner detection to improve antinoise
為了提高抗噪聲,根據角特徵不僅灰度變化是不連續的,且相對周圍其他點的梯度方向也是不連續的,提出利用梯度角變化和梯度幅值作為角特徵檢測的另一個準則。The point of singular signal ' s conjoint pixel always changes acutely in its gray - level value. the gray - level distributing gradient of conjoint pixels can show this change
而信號的奇異點或突變點往往表現為相鄰像素點處的灰度值發生了劇烈的變化,我們可以通過相鄰像素灰度分佈的梯度來反映這種變化。Bum severity is also affected by the topography. the basic rule is that with the increasing of slope and elevation, the burn will become much severer. but to the aspect, it was contrarious ( excluding the nonaspect )
火燒強度隨地形因子梯度的變化而變化,其基本規律是隨坡度、海拔梯度的增加而減小,而隨坡向梯度的增加而增加(無坡向除外) 。The result of dca ordination shows that diffirent plant communities and their distributing area vary with the environmental grads in the ordination graph when the first axis of dca denotes altitude change and the sencond axis of dca denotes change of water equivalent in the soil
Dca排序結果表明, dca第一軸反映海拔變化, dca第二軸表示土壤含水量的變化,隨著環境梯度變化,不同的植物群落在排序圖上也有各自的分佈范圍。Abstract : the restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. through interpreting the images of remote sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of lushuihe forest bureau, which is a typical forest area of changbai mountain, was obtained with support of gis. by dividing land covers of lushuihe area into 10 types ( water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man - made young forest ) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers ( in turn, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river ), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985 - 1999 were analyzed. the results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. in buffer 1, 2, 3, the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. in buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest - age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task
文摘:本文對兩期遙感圖像進行解譯,並在gis支持下提取露水河林業局主要河流兩岸各緩沖區森林資源信息,經分析得到各類地物在1985年及1999年的變化趨勢.結果表明:在河流沿岸對森林的採伐強度1999年較1985年明顯減小,整體生態環境較1985年有所改善.在緩沖區1 , 2 , 3除中齡針葉林大幅度增加外,其它地物類型面積均減少,由此可以看出,在這三個緩沖區內針葉林得到了較好的恢復.在緩沖區4內,中齡針葉林、成熟針葉林、成熟闊葉林形成一個林齡梯隊,有利於森林生態系統的穩定與功能的發揮,十五年間緩沖區4受到的干擾相對較小.濕地數量在四個緩沖區內均有所減少,雖然在緩沖區4內森林生態系統恢復的較好,但濕地面積仍有所減少,說明保護及恢復濕地資源是一件非常艱巨的任務,必須引起高度重視.圖5表2參12The restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. through interpreting the images of remote sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of lushuihe forest bureau, which is a typical forest area of changbai mountain, was obtained with support of gis. by dividing land covers of lushuihe area into 10 types ( water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man - made young forest ) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers ( in turn, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river ), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985 - 1999 were analyzed. the results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. in buffer 1, 2, 3, the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. in buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest - age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task
本文對兩期遙感圖像進行解譯,並在gis支持下提取露水河林業局主要河流兩岸各緩沖區森林資源信息,經分析得到各類地物在1985年及1999年的變化趨勢.結果表明:在河流沿岸對森林的採伐強度1999年較1985年明顯減小,整體生態環境較1985年有所改善.在緩沖區1 , 2 , 3除中齡針葉林大幅度增加外,其它地物類型面積均減少,由此可以看出,在這三個緩沖區內針葉林得到了較好的恢復.在緩沖區4內,中齡針葉林、成熟針葉林、成熟闊葉林形成一個林齡梯隊,有利於森林生態系統的穩定與功能的發揮,十五年間緩沖區4受到的干擾相對較小.濕地數量在四個緩沖區內均有所減少,雖然在緩沖區4內森林生態系統恢復的較好,但濕地面積仍有所減少,說明保護及恢復濕地資源是一件非常艱巨的任務,必須引起高度重視.圖5表2參12Compared with the classical bp algorithm, robust adaptive bp algorithm possesses some advantages as following : ( 1 ) increasing the accuracy of the network training by means of using both the relative and absolute residual to adjust the weight values ; ( 2 ) improve the robustness and the network convergence rate through combining with the robust statistic technique by way of judging the values of the samples " relative residual to establish the energy function so that can suppress the effect on network training because of the samples with high noise disturbances ; ( 3 ) prevent entrapping into the local minima area and obtain the global optimal result owing to setting the learning rate to be the function of the errors and the error gradients when network is trained. the learning rate of the weights update change with the error values of the network adaptively so that can easily get rid of the disadvantage of the classical bp algorithm that is liable to entrap into the local minima areas
與基本bp演算法相比,本文提出的魯棒自適應bp演算法具有以下優點: ( 1 )與魯棒統計技術相結合,通過訓練樣本相對偏差的大小,確定不同訓練樣本對能量函數的貢獻,來抑制含高噪聲干擾樣本對網路訓練的不良影響,從而增強訓練的魯棒性,提高網路訓練的收斂速度; ( 2 )採用相對偏差和絕對偏差兩種偏差形式對權值進行調整,提高了網路的訓練精度; ( 3 )在採用梯度下降演算法對權值進行調整的基礎上,通過將學習速率設為訓練誤差及誤差梯度的特殊函數,使學習速率依賴于網路訓練時誤差瞬時的變化而自適應的改變,從而可以克服基本bp演算法容易陷入局部極小區域的弊端,使訓練過程能夠很快的「跳出」局部極小區域而達到全局最優。Physiological and biochemical changes in epiphytic bryophytes under different air pollution levels
大氣污染梯度下樹木附生苔蘚植物生理生化指標的變化In the summer stratified water column, the deeper the maximum depth of food distribution is, the stronger the dvm is performed ; the increase of the gradient of temperature in the thermocline layer can decrease the magnitude of the dvm and form the thermal barricade to the copepod ; the effects of the predation pressure on dvm is complex. on the one hand, the variations in the distribution depth of the predation pressure vs. the thermocline layer or the depth of the maximum food can modify the dvm patterns of the copepod. on the other hand, different predation pressure induces different dvm patterns
在夏季分層水體中,食物的最大分佈深度越大,動物向下遷移的幅度也越大;溫躍層的溫度梯度增大可以減小動物遷移的幅度,成為橈足類垂直遷移的溫度屏障;捕食壓力對垂直遷移的影響較復雜,一方面,捕食壓力的分佈深度與溫躍層或食物峰值的相對位置的變化能夠改變橈足類垂直遷移的模式,另一方面,捕食壓力強度不同,橈足類垂直遷移的幅度也不同,捕食壓力越大,遷移的幅度越大,當捕食壓力增加到一定程度,橈足類停止向上的遷移,大部分時間呆在水體深層,可能進入捕食壓力引起的「滯育」狀態。The saffman force does not affect the axial velocity of the flow, while it change the concentration of the particle. the gas - particle two - phase flows in the present of temperature were also numerical simulation
討論了絕熱、有溫差和添加熱泳力三種情況下的兩相流場,分析了溫度梯度、湍動能、軸向速度和顆粒濃度的變化。The first axis of dca ordination reflects a synthetic environmental gradient, positively correlated with precipitation, humidity, heating, primary productivity, and potential evaporation etc. the second axis of dca represents changes in altitude and longitude
Dca排序第一軸表現了一個綜合的環境梯度,即從左到右,降水、濕度、熱量、初級生產力、潛在蒸發量逐漸增強, dca第二軸反應了海拔和經度的變化,即從上到下,海拔降低、經度增加。It is because the clinker is distributed much more in tensile area which bears more stress. for example, with linear and parabolic component gradient variation of aggregates, linear component gradient variation of aggregates reinforces higher than parabolic variation
骨料梯度分佈時富熟料側分佈於受拉區,承受較大應力,使得總體強度上升,尤其抗彎強度的變化幅度較大。2 ) fourier amplitude spectrum analysis : ( 1 ) the fourier amplitude spectra decrease with the increment of depth ; and the components of fourier spectrum become complex in near - surface. ( 2 ) the fourier amplitude decrease faster in shallow soil level, and smaller in deep soil level. ( 3 ) compared with the deepest bedrock fourier spectrum, spectral components of higher than 5 hz decrease with depth decrease
2 .地震動傅立葉振幅譜沿深度的變化規律( d隨著深度的增大,傅氏譜振幅逐漸減小;越接近地表傅氏譜的頻譜成份越多,形狀越復雜;傅氏譜振幅值在淺層沿深度的下降梯度較大,在深層下降較小; 「土層/基巖」場地的基巖內_匕下兩測點的地震動頻譜沿深度幾乎不變,傅氏譜十分相似; d基巖以上的土層測點,高於shz的高頻成分減少。The coupled turbulent flow field and temperature field are simulated by finite element method ; the influence of casting speed on the turbulent flow field and temperature field in the melting bath and the interaction between those two field are analyzed ; the variation tendency of the heat flux intensity between the melting bath and casting roll and law of variation with changes of casting speed in the process of solidification are given ; a comparison between the simulation results and experimental results demonstrates their good agreement ; and the mechanism of the heat flux variation is identified by analysis on the temporature gradient and development of solidification within the melting bath and its influence on the variation of the heat flux intensity
採用有限元法模擬了雙輥鑄軋不銹鋼過程的流熱耦合問題;分析了鑄軋速度對熔池內流場、溫度場的影響以及流場與溫度場之間的相互影響;給出了凝固過程中熔池與鑄軋輥之間的熱流密度變化趨勢及隨鑄軋速度的變化規律,並把此模擬的結果與試驗的結果相比較,吻合較好;通過熔池內溫度場及溫度梯度分析了熔池內凝固的發展及其對熱流密度變化的影響。3 ) a custom filed function module was complied to study the influence of non - dimensional mass flowrate changed with time in stair shape on flow and heat transfer inside rotator - stator cavity with axial inflow and radial outflow. average nusselt number takes on a sharp up - down process when the mass flowrate changes from stabile status as to the following change of flowrate, the average nuselt number changes greatly in the initial stage and then changes gradually
( 3 )自編用戶程序模塊,研究在軸向入流、徑向出流的轉-靜盤腔中,無量綱流量隨時間呈階梯型改變對盤腔流動和換熱的影響。當流量從某個穩定狀態改變時,轉盤上的平均努謝爾數會產生一個明顯的上升再降低過程;在每一次流量改變的初始階段,平均努謝爾數存在一個較大幅度的變化。In this part, response spectrum and fourier amplitude spectrum are studied, the main results are as follows : 1 ) response spectrum analysis : a ) absolute acceleration response spectrum ( sa ) : ( 1 ) in general, response spectrum decrease with depth, for m < 4. 5, the shape and the predominant period of each response spectrum in different depths are similar : the variation of spectra with depth focus on near - surface level ; the normalized spectra are similar to each other, except the predominant perk value in middle depth of some earthquakes is higher than other depth
地震動反應譜沿深度變化的規律( l )加速度反應譜( s 、 )沿深度的變化規律一般,加速度反應譜( s 。 )隨深度的增加而減小。震級較小時,不同深度各測點的反應譜形狀很相似,卓越周期基本一致;淺層處反應譜沿深度的變化梯度較大;深層處反應譜大小比較接近;強震時,反應譜形狀在短周期有較小差別,長周期逐漸接近。In this part, pga, pgv and pgd are studied, the main results are as follows : 1 ) in general, pga decrease with depth and can reach maximum at surface ; the pga ratio with depth of downhole / surface is affected by magnitude and ground pga value, the bigger the magnitude and pga value, the smaller the pga decrement with depth ; the decrement with depth is much more significant in near - surface than that in deep downhole
加速度峰值沿深度的變化與地震的大小和場地條件有關。對于土層場地,一般說來,隨著震級和地表pga的增大,加速度峰值沿深度的下降梯度減小。對于「土層基巖」型場地,基巖面處的水平分量約是地表的1 3 . 7 ,豎向分量約是地表的1 3 . 2 。The characteristics of land use change in this area are increase of arable land, urban construction and residents in rural areas and considerable decrease of natural grassland, furthermore the trend of land use type reducing to one occurred. the spatial change of land use structure shaping gradient from along the coast to the inland is one aspect of character of land use change
土地利用變化的特點是耕地、城鎮建設用地、農村居民點用地增加,天然草地大量減少,土地利用類型有向單一化發展的趨勢,土地利用呈現出明顯的由沿海向內陸遞變的梯度型變化。2 ) the variation of pgv and pgd with depth is similar to that of pga. besides, the decrement with depth of pgv is smaller than that of pga. and pgd smaller than pgv
2 .地震動峰值速度( pgv )和峰值位移( pgd ) : pgv和pgd沿深度的變化特點與pga相似;只是pgv沿深度的下降梯度小於pga ,且pgd沿深度的變化梯度小於pgv 。According to the variation of gradient pressure structure can be divided
根據地層壓力梯度的變化可以劃分地層的壓力結構。分享友人