梯狀物 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tīzhuàngwù]
梯狀物 英文
ladder
  • 梯 : Ⅰ名詞1 （梯子; 樓梯） ladder; stairs; steps; staircase 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ形容詞（形狀像樓梯的...
  • 狀 : Ⅰ名詞1 （形狀） form; shape 2 （情況） state; condition; situation; circumstances 3 （陳述事件或...
  • 物 : 名詞1 （東西） thing; matter; object 2 （指自己以外的人或與己相對的環境） other people; the outsi...
  1. On the basis of foreign documents, the dissertation firstly describes the morphology, taxonomy, and biological characters of cochineal insects. then, by using artificial climate cases in the lab, according to orthogonal design, 8 lands of combinations of temperature, humidity and light is set, while the temperature has four levels : 15, 20, 25 and 30, and the relative humidity has two levels : 60 % and 80 %, while the light also has two levels : 980 lux and 60 lux. through observations and analysis of hatching percentage, survival percentage of the first instar and during from the second instar to the adult, the population tendency index, generation life cycle, size and eggs of female adult, the development of the cochineal under different conditions is studied

    在收集、整理國外對胭脂蟲的研究資料基礎上，首先從胭脂蟲的形態學、分類學、生物學特性入手，進而在實驗室內利用人工氣候箱，應用正交設計方法，設計了4種溫度、 2種濕度、 2種光照梯度的不同組合，通過測定胭脂蟲的孵化率、 1齡若蟲的存活率、 2齡若蟲至成蟲期存活率、種群趨勢指數、世代歷期、雌成蟲的大小、懷卵量等生物學指標，深入研究胭脂蟲在這些組合下的生長發育狀況，應用數理統計方法，分析出溫度、濕度和光照對各項生物學指標的影響，找出胭脂蟲適宜的室內培育條件，並為野外胭脂蟲的培育提供一定的理論依據。
  2. There are many interesting water games, including a mock pirate ship, two play structures, a lily pad walk, wood log walks, water guns, slides in animal shapes and a central island with a cascade

    館內並設有多種有趣的水上游戲設施，如海盜船、兩個嬉水組合架、荷葉型走道、圓本型走道、水槍、數條動物形狀的滑梯及設有一道瀑布的人造小島等。
  3. It was shown that vessel elements in secondary xylem of p. emblica have many different forms and most of them have tails and their perforation plates divide into two types : ( 1 ) there is one simple perforation plate at each end of the vessel elements and ( 2 ) there is one simple perforation plate at one end of the vessel elements and two simple perforation plate at the other end ; ( 3 ) a few vessel elements have special inclusions ; ( 4 ) the intervascular pits are alternate pits ; ( 5 ) the pits between the vessels and rays are mixed pits, pits with transverse gashes and scalariform pits

    結果發現，余甘子次生木質部導管分子中存在著許多不同的樣式，導管分子大多數具尾；其穿孔板存在著兩種類型： （ 1 ）兩端均為1個單穿孔板； （ 2 ）一端為1個單穿孔板;另一端為2個單穿孔板； （ 3 ）極少數的導管分子具有特殊的內含物； （ 4 ）管間紋孔式為互列紋孔式； （ 5 ）導管射線間紋孔式為混合型紋孔與橫列刻痕狀紋孔以及梯狀穿孔。
  4. There may be instances during emergencies when it will be necessary for guests to make a long walk, go up or down emergency stairs, use narrow walkways, be carried or helped by members of their party and or wait for an extended period on a vehicle

    在緊急狀況下撤離游樂設施時，遊客有可能須要自行走一段長路窄巷或上下逃生梯等。行動困難的遊客有可能須要請同伴協助行走或留在乘坐物上稍後。
  5. There are slides and buoys of shapes of funny animals in the fun pool and leisure pool, which is definitely a good place to go in hot summer days. it takes a 10 - minute walk from kowloon bay mtr station or 3 - minute walk along jordan valley north road after getting off from a bus or public light bus at amoy garden

    游樂嬉水池內設有不同動物形狀的滑梯和橡膠浮泡，是大小朋友夏日消暑的好去處。由九龍灣地鐵站只需步行十分鐘便可到達，亦可乘搭巴士或公共小巴在淘大花園下車后沿佐敦谷北路步行三分鐘。
  6. Based on the qps ionosphere model, the gradients model 、 quasi - cosine disturbed model and qps model with es layer are also introduced. then using the platform, the backscatter ionogram of these typical states are simulated, comparing with the real ionogram to find that they can match well, which proves the validity and practicability of the platform. the influence of the inputting parameters of these model and antenna patterns on the backscatter ionogram is also discussed in this paper

    本文在球形對稱準拋物電離層模型基礎上，分別引入了梯度模型、準餘弦擾動模型、包含es層的準拋物模型，然後利用該模擬平臺，對這幾種典型電離層狀態的返回散射電離圖進行了模擬，並與實測圖進行了比較，一致性很好，證明了該模擬平臺的有效性和實用性。
  7. In the summer stratified water column, the deeper the maximum depth of food distribution is, the stronger the dvm is performed ; the increase of the gradient of temperature in the thermocline layer can decrease the magnitude of the dvm and form the thermal barricade to the copepod ; the effects of the predation pressure on dvm is complex. on the one hand, the variations in the distribution depth of the predation pressure vs. the thermocline layer or the depth of the maximum food can modify the dvm patterns of the copepod. on the other hand, different predation pressure induces different dvm patterns

    在夏季分層水體中，食物的最大分佈深度越大，動物向下遷移的幅度也越大；溫躍層的溫度梯度增大可以減小動物遷移的幅度，成為橈足類垂直遷移的溫度屏障；捕食壓力對垂直遷移的影響較復雜，一方面，捕食壓力的分佈深度與溫躍層或食物峰值的相對位置的變化能夠改變橈足類垂直遷移的模式，另一方面，捕食壓力強度不同，橈足類垂直遷移的幅度也不同，捕食壓力越大，遷移的幅度越大，當捕食壓力增加到一定程度，橈足類停止向上的遷移，大部分時間呆在水體深層，可能進入捕食壓力引起的「滯育」狀態。
  8. Also, the author ’ s design strategy and creativity has been given in this paper. specifically, it includes : based on the feasibility analysis of the fit selection of control parameters in the aeration process, the aeration process of wastewater treatment of the joint - constructional complete - mixed activated sludge process has been aimed at in this paper. then, the state equations of the aeration process have been proposed in this paper, which is on the base of dissolved oxygen concentration ( do ) and discharge quantity of sludge ( qw ) as control variables, the concentration of bod and sludge as state variables. based on the present study on optimization control of wastewater treatment, the multivariable optimal control model with restriction factor has been presented in the paper with introducing modern control theory and system analysis into the field of activated sludge wastewater treatment,

    具體包括:以完全混合、表面曝氣合建式活性污泥工藝的污水處理曝氣過程為研究對象，在闡述了曝氣過程式控制制參數選取可行性的基礎上，建立了以溶解氧濃度do和活性污泥排放量qw為控制變量，以曝氣池中有機物濃度s和微生物濃度x為狀態變量的活性污泥曝氣過程的基本狀態方程;運用現代控制理論的觀點和污水處理理論，在現有關于污水處理最優控制問題研究的基礎上，建立了有約束條件多變量能耗最小數學模型，該數學模型是以有機物排放總量和狀態變量的末值條件作為約束條件，曝氣過程的能耗最小作為目標泛函;採用增廣拉格朗日乘子法對最優控制問題進行轉化，並對應用極大值原理求解能耗最小這一最優控制問題進行了詳細的解析;引入約束運算元，應用具有控制約束的共軛梯度演算法對能耗最小這一最優控制問題進行求解，並進行模擬實驗驗證。
  9. Archeologists surmise that the gardens were laid out atop a vaulted building, with provisions for raising water. the terraces were said to rise from 75 to 300 ft

    考古學家猜測，花園矗落在一個拱狀的建築物上，以防備被水淹沒。據說梯田形的花園從75英尺上升到300英尺。
  10. Optimal periodic control with the lowest operational cost by limiting total substrate discharge mass was studied. through adding new state variable and using supplement functions, the problem with restriction conditions was converted into nonrestriction problem. in addition, the dynamic searching method of optimal step coefficient was developed to modify the conventional gradient method, consequently the calculation problem of the multivariable optimal periodic control was able to be resolved better. it was found that the operational costs of optimal control under various initial states are distinctly different. a new concept of optimal control under optimal initial state was presented. it is pointed out emphatically that to the treatment system without optimal control condition, the suboptimal control with extensive practical value can be realized according to the results of optima control

    著重研究了在限制有機物排放總量時，使其運行費用最低的最優周期控制問題.通過增加新的狀態變量和用補償函數法，將本課題的有約束條件問題化為無約束條件問題，並提出了最優步長參數的動態搜索法來修改傳統的梯度法，從而較完善地解決了多變量最優周期控制的計算問題.研究中還發現了不同初始條件下最優控制所需要的運行費用也大不相同，進而提出了最優初始狀態下最優周期控制的新概念，這對保證出水質量的同時進一步降低污水處理成本來說具有更重要的意義.本文還強調指出：對于尚不具備實現最優控制條件的處理系統，可根據最優控制的研究結果實現具有廣泛實用價值的準最優控制
  11. Length, diameter, density, fresh weight, dry weight, water content, osmotic potential and element concentrations ( ca, mg, na, k, cl ) were determined for each. seedling of b. gymnorrhiza and a. corniculatum were cultured for 60 days on various salinity of seawater ( 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 ) in green house. samples were taken at 3, 7, 11, 15, 22, 30, 45 and 60 days after planting, separated into root, hypocotyl, stem and leaf

    本文研究了福建九龍江口木欖和桐花樹胎生繁殖體從果實形成到發育成熟過程中形態、生物量、含水量、胚軸密度、滲透勢、五種主要礦質元素（ ca 、 mg 、 na 、 k 、 cl ）等的變化和溫室內人工鹽度梯度栽培下木欖和桐花樹成熟繁殖體長成幼苗（ 0 60d ）過程中形態、生物量、含水量、滲透勢、光合蒸騰特性、五種主要礦質元素（ ca 、 mg 、 na 、 k 、 cl ）等的變化；並且在野外自然條件下，跟蹤調查不同灘塗位置下秋茄成熟繁殖體定居成活、自然死亡狀況以及測定幼苗生長過程中（ 1年）形態、生物量、含水量、光合蒸騰特性等的變化。
  12. A white needle crystal was isolated and purified on systematic extraction of the alkaloid by silica gel column and gradient sublimation from oxytropis glabra

    摘要採用生物?系統提取、矽膠柱層析分離及梯度升華技術從小花棘豆乾草粉中分離出一種白色針狀結晶。
  13. The paper studied three aspects of extracelluar enzymes in sediments of the tidal flat wetland, namely 1 ) the distibution of five sorts of extracellular enzymes in sediments in the east end of chongming island along the elevation gradient or community succession series, the relationships between the activities of enzymes and the ecological factors, and functions of extracellular enzymes in the process of community succession ; 2 ) the effects of the heavy metal ions and edta on the activity of alkaline phosphatase in sediments of the east end of chongming island by adding and removing of heavy metal ions, discussing whether the activities of extracellular enzymes could be taken as the indicators for the environmental status ; 3 ) the variations of the activities of extracellular enzymes in sediments in the east end of hengsha island after the discarding clay

    本文以長江口典型濕地?崇明東灘為例，首次研究了沿高程梯度或沿植被演替系列沉積物中堿性磷酸酶等五種胞外酶活性的空間分佈規律，分析了胞外酶活性與環境因子的相互關系及其產生機制，討論了胞外酶活性在濕地植被演替中的作用。同時以崇明東灘沉積物為對象，運用重金屬離子的添加和去除等方法，研究了重金屬離子對沉積物中堿性磷酸酶活性的影響，利用胞外酶活性的變化探討了崇明東灘重金屬污染的狀況。此外，本文還研究了橫沙東灘吹泥試驗工程對沉積物環境因子和胞外酶活性的影響並進行了對比分析。
  14. The scenes inside are of different kind of shapes, such as terraced paddies, peasants cottages, and animals and plants. some can produce chimes with percussion

    有的狀如梯田農舍，有的又如各種動植物，有的敲之聲如鐘磬。
  15. A full mathematical model of optimal flow pattern design withengineering constraints was put forward, based on modern optimal control theory. an optimal flow pattern design was presented for optimizing meridional channel of axial flow turbine. according to integral optimization of turbine stages, a full physical model and mathematical expression were put forward for proposition of optimal flow pattern, including all performance parameters in turbine stages. this problem was further recast into a typical form control to maximize specific performance index such as work or efficiency of stage with given initial state, fixed terminal condition and constraints for part of state terminal variables. the program was also worked out according penalty function method and conjugate gradient method. the optimal distribution of c1ur1 ( r1 ) was obtained according to constraint conditions and maximized objective function

    把近代最優控制論方法引入軸流透平葉片的設計，在優化的軸流透平子午通道內，建立包括透平級內所有性能參量的最優流型命題的完整的物理模型及其數學表達式，並歸化為一個在給定初始狀態、自變量終端固定、部分狀態變量終端受有約束的條件下，使級的某一性能指標（如級的功率）達到最優的最優控制問題，應用「代價函數法」及「共軛梯度法」編制計算程序，計算得到符合給定約束條件、並使目標函數取極值的最優環量分佈，結果是令人滿意的。
  16. The result showed that the interpenetration network structure between polymeric and deposited metal has been observed under a scanning electronic microscope and optical microscope. the experiments showed that copper deposition gradient distribution and crystal structure were greatly influenced by the the ph value of electrochemical reduction medium solution and the size, number and distributing of microporous in swelling cathode film

    用掃描電鏡和體式顯微鏡對制備的pmgcf進行了分析，結果表明：制備的pmgcf樣品的金屬沉積層梯度分佈均勻，在一定的電化學條件下金屬銅和聚合物基體形成了互穿的立體網狀結構。
  17. The mechanical property, phase, the adhesion state of the interface, and the microstructure of all kinds of coatings ( bg coating, bg / ha composite coating, bg / ha graded coating ) were analyzed by the routine and modern testing means ( xrd, ir, sem, ed ax, xps and empa etc. ). the shear strength of the coating had been tested by a new method - the flat bottom cone shear testing

    採用常規和現代測試手段（ xrd 、 ir 、 sem 、 edax 、 xps和empa等）對所制備的各種塗層（ bg塗層、 bg ha復合塗層、 bg ha梯度塗層）的力學性能、物相、界面結合狀態以及塗層表面和內部的微觀結構等進行分析。
  18. The rollers and ring are designed in inverted trapezium, which reduce the material ' s slip velocity between rollers and ring, extend grinding time, and enhance crushing efficiency

    該機將磨輥與磨環設計成階梯狀，降低了進入磨輥與磨環之間物料的下滑速度，延長了對物料的碾壓時間，提高了粉碎效果。
  19. The commonest symptom is pain or discomfort, especially after walking, e. g. walking downstairs or carrying heavy load

    最常見的癥狀是膝部久不久痛楚，尤其是走動后，特別是下樓梯重物時。
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