標稱應變 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [biāochènyīngbiàn]
標稱應變
英文
norminal strain-
For example, outside the afferent nerve fiber in week nerve passes into sensory information centre, the instruction information that efferent nerve fiber issues centre spreads effect implement, convey with the form of nerve impulse, and the biology report that nerve impulse calls behavioral potential one kind namely changes, it is the mark of nerve excitement
例如，外周神經中的傳入神經纖維把感覺信息傳入中樞，傳出神經纖維把中樞發出的指令信息傳給效應器，都是以神經沖動的形式傳送的，而神經沖動就是一種稱為動作電位的生物電變化，是神經興奮的標志。Firstly, it introduced the import principium resolving thread and steps of analytic hierarchy process. secondly, it erected model of population modernization, which based on the steps of analytic hierarchy process. lastly, it got the maximal eigenvalue of dissymmetric matrix and corresponding eigenvector with sas, and normalized the eigenvector to get weight value
本章分為兩部分，第一部介紹分析法的提出、原理以及解決問題的思路和步驟；第二部建立模型確定權重，根據層次分析法的原理和步驟，建立人口現代化指標體系的模型，運用sas求解所構造的非對稱判斷矩陣的最大特徵值，從而得出所對應的特徵向量，變形后得到權重。Roll over protective structure ( rops ) is a device which installs on out of construction vehicle. the main functions are : when the vehicle rolling over. rops can prevent the vehicle from rolling over further, and reduce the possibility of rolling vehicle injures operator ; when the vehicle traveling on freezing soil. concrete and rock, it has large resist continuous impact ability ; when the vehicle overturning rops can support the whole vehicle. arrangement of falling object protective structure ( fops ) can block objects ( such as trees, rocks ) so that supply protection for operator. this problem is that research rolling over and falling objects protective structure of bulldozer by learning research condition of rops / fops and relative lay down international standard. on the base of theory analysis. detrudes counting formula of rops / fops deformation through founding mechanics analysis model of rops / fops at the stage of elasticity and plastoelastic. and finds a set of feasible nonlinear finite element analysis counting. lt calculates rops / fops plastoelastic deforma variable of 320hp bulldozer, bulldozer has been carried out by optimizing design method
其主要功能是：當車輛滾翻時， rops能刺入未凍土壤而阻止車輛的進一步滾翻，降低滾翻的車輛對系著安全帶司機軋傷的可能性；保證rops在碰撞和沖擊變形不大的地面（如凍土、混疑土上、巖石）時，能具有相當大的抗連續沖擊能力；當車輛已經處于顛覆狀態時，已經變形的rops應能支撐住整車。落物保護裝置（簡稱fops ） ，其構件的布置方式要能遮蔽墜落的物體（如，樹木、巖石等） ，以便對司機提供適當的保護。本課題主要通過了解國內外有關對rops fops的研究情況和有關國際標準的制定，對大型推土機傾翻和落物保護裝置進行研究，在理論分析的基礎上，通過建立rops fops的力學分析模型，推導彈性、彈塑性階段rops fops變形的計算公式，建立一套可行的rops fops的非線性有限元分析計算方法。In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the
本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。Taking natural frequency and mode as damage principle, damage detection is studied as optimal problem based on genetic algorithm, and damage indices, symmetry and precision in the damage detection is discussed. numerical simulation of the damage detection of offshore platforms using genetic algorithm proves the feasibility of genetic algorithm in damage detection of large structure ; program all the process of genetic algorithm in damage detection into damage detection system
以實測的固有頻率和振型為診斷依據，將損傷診斷問題歸結為優化問題，採用遺傳演算法加以研究，以10單元固端梁的損傷診斷為基礎，討論了診斷中出現的損傷指標，損傷對稱性和變量精度等問題；將遺傳演算法的損傷診斷應用於海洋平臺，驗證了遺傳演算法用於大型結構損傷診斷的可能性；並用matlab將遺傳演算法應用於損傷診斷的全過程編製成損傷診斷系統。Objective through measure telomere length ( mean length of telomere restriction fragment, trf ) of dermal and intramuscular, and study it ' s length correlating with the different human " s age. the trf was examined by southern blotting. the formula to age estimating was obtained by regression analysis between the trf and the age
目的應用southern雜交技術，對皮膚、肌肉端粒dna片斷長度（ meanlengthoftelomererestrictionfragment ，簡稱： trf ）進行觀察，測定不同年齡段人群的端粒dna片斷長度值，以期初步探明不同年齡段人群的端粒dna片斷長度的變化規律，繪制出端粒dna片斷長度值隨年齡變化的標準曲線，比較性別、籍貫對端粒dna片斷長度的影響，以期為法醫實踐工作中對無名屍體年齡推斷提供理論依據。A meteor shower becomes a meteor storm when the meteors hourly rate reaches several hundreds per hour. at this time, you can shorten the time of observation to 5 or 10 minutes, while the region of the sky being monitored can be reduced. these changes should also be specified on the record sheet
若在流星雨出現時，每小時的流星數目多達數百顆，稱為流星暴，這時觀測時間的長度可減至5到1 0分鐘，而觀測天區的面積也可相對地減少，這些變化也應標明於記錄表上。However, all kinds of competitions in the end are the competitions of persons with ability, which means people who have mastered the advanced technology will be the leaders of the world. our government has brought forward the great plan that higher education system must be changed from elite education to mass education with the establishment of socialist market economy and the deepening of educational system reform. to achieve this aim, the number of university students should be increased largely and urgently. the system of higher vocational education may be the most suitable system to meet with the requirements of society. under this system, on one hand the students have mastered all the necessary know - how and on the other hand they could do the practical works well
21世紀是國際競爭日趨激烈的時代，科技的進步提供了國際間全新的競爭平臺，而掌握了高技術的人才將是平臺上的領舞者，所以一切的競爭歸根到底是人才的競爭。隨著我國政府提出高等教育從精英教育向大眾化教育轉變的宏偉目標，迫切需要大幅度提升高等教育的入學比率，加大培養規模。但傳統教育模式已不能適應社會發展的需要，而其生產的「學科型產品」又供過于求，因此一方面要增加人才產品的產量，另一方面又要有準確的目標定位，即應該在高等教育層次中培養數以億計的應用型、技能型的高等職業技術教育（以下簡稱高等職業教育）人才，滿足社會對高層次人力資源的渴求。It compares and analyses the equipment test voltage emendated to standard atmosphere conditions with the equipment nominal withstanding voltage. and then it concluded that : the emendation value educed by " humidity ratio " integrated emendation method is basically equal or close to the equipment nominal withstanding voltage ; but the values by two traditional emendation methods are mostly higher. it also proves that, " humidity ratio " integrated emendation method is more perfect than any other methods, and it can reflect the influence degree of atmospheric parameters on electrical equipment outer insulation discharge voltage actually
文中選擇「比濕」綜合校正法和兩種傳統校正法，分別對西高所為羊八井、拉薩、羊湖110kv變電所設備所做的人工氣候室模擬試驗數據及雲南中試所做的zs - 110工頻放電電壓試驗數據進行校正計算，將試驗電壓的校正值與試驗設備的標稱耐受電壓水平進行比較分析；認為： 「比濕」綜合校正法的校正值與設備耐受電壓水平基本相等或接近，而兩傳統校正法的校正值大多高於設備耐受電壓水平；進一步證明， 「比濕」綜合校正法是目前諸多校正法中較為完善的，能真實地反映大氣參數對電氣設備外絕緣放電電壓的影響程度的校正法，在高海拔電力工程設計中應推廣應用。A new four - node axisymmetric element ach8 is derived based on the combined hybrid variational principle, which uses wilson ' s displacements and linear stress suffering from energy compatibility. the resulting element exhibits excellent results in displacements and stresses and is suitable for nearly incompressible materials without any locking phenomena, insensitive to mesh distortion
本文首先基於組合雜交變分原理推導出4節點的軸對稱元ach8 ，其位移插值採用wilson非協調位移模式，應力在等參坐標系下採用關于wilson位移完全能量協調的不完全線性多項式。According to the design theory of the cable - stayed bridge and to the feature of the cantilever construction the authors propose a construction control method called optimum completion state method ( ocsm ) for rc cable - stayed bridges in the proposed method, the optimum completion state is regarded as the final target of the construction control, and the optimum construction state at each construction stage is taken as the technical route the key of the method is to properly choose or adjust the cable forces the objectives function of optimization is to minimize the elevation error of the girder under the constraint condition that the internal forces ( bending moments ) of the girder are bounded the optimization variables are the cable forces on the basis of the above principles, a optimum model for a construction step is established and cable force adjustments can be found for each construction step in this model, the creep and shrinkage effects of concrete have been considered a bridge example is given which shows that the final state of the bridge is very close to the design aim and that this method is much better than the so - called double - control method the example is a good illustration of the soundness and practical value of the proposed method
根據現代斜拉橋結構設計理論和懸臂施工方法的特點，提出了以最佳成橋狀態作為施工控制的最終目標，以實施最佳施工階段為技術路線，以索力調整為核心內容的斜拉橋施工控制理論，簡稱為最佳成橋狀態法；以斜拉橋主梁標高誤差最小為目標函數，以主梁內力（彎矩）為約束條件，以索力為優化變量，建立了最佳施工階段的索力調整計算模型；推導了考慮徐變收縮效應的索力調整計算公式；用最佳成橋狀態法對一實橋工程進行了施工控制全過程計算研究，得到的成橋狀態與設計目標相當接近，優于該橋以「雙控」為控制目標的實測結果，有力地證明了本文方法的正確性及其工程實際價值The braess paradox model is taken as an example to reveal the essence of entropy - maximization and utility - maximization which lies in the unity of the most efficient for the whole and the fairest for local parts and individuals. the internal symmetry of the scaling laws are bring to light based on the dual model of entropy - and utility - maximization. the internal symmetry including translational symmetry, dilation symmetry, and bilateral symmetry originate from relative energy - conservation and information conservation of urban systems reflected by the dual models, and parity conservation of scaling laws
揭示標度律及其等價模型各種對稱性質，發現城市系統具有平移對稱、鏡像對稱和標度對稱等內部對稱性，這些對稱性都對應著城市系統的不可觀測量，其本質在於系統內部隱含的守恆律，包括標度變換的奇偶守恆、能量和信息的相對守恆等。Professor flannery said the un climate report ' s predictions on the consequences of global warming are " middle of the road " but will still provide a useful benchmark for the world to tackle climate change
富蘭納瑞教授稱，聯合國氣候報告對全球變暖後果的預測「並不偏激」 ，此外還將提供一套應對氣候變化的實用標準。Application of the theory of moving frames leads to costruct symmetry - preserving numerical approximations to differential invariants and invariant differential equations
通過應用活動標架理論，我們可以構造出微分不變量和不變微分方程的保對稱數值近似。Numerical result shows that the new method is more efficient in convergence than the standard lanczos algorithm ; the second algorithm generalizes the implicitly restarted arnoldi ( ira ) augmented by soreesen to the implicitly restarted lanczos algorithm, which improves the convergence rate of lanczos algorithm by making good use of the spectral information obtained from the previous process. the last algorithm utilizes deflation strategies to the second algorithm to forming invariant subspace for a, so that the stability can be kept in computing process
數值試驗表明，該演算法比標準lanczos方法具有更好的收斂性；第二種演算法是將求解特徵值問題的隱式循環arnoldi方法（ ira ）應用於求解對稱不定線性方程組的lanczos演算法，充分利用lanczos演算法過程中的譜信息，確定預處理；第三種演算法是在第二種演算法的基礎上，運用收縮技巧，形成近似不變子空間，以提高收斂速度和數值穩定性。In the design optimization of space equipment satellite systems, there are lots of discrete and integer design variables, the design space is nonconvex and even disjointed, and has multimodality. unfortunately, current mdo procedures or strategies have difficulty to deal with discrete or integer design variables, they are very sensitive to complex design space, have propensity to converge to local optima near the starting point, and can not handle multiple objectives effectively. to overcome these difficulties, this dissertation adopt the idea of coevolution to systematically develop new multidisciplinary design optimization methods based on decomposition and coordination
論文以航天裝備體系及其它復雜飛行器系統的多學科設計優化（ multidisciplinarydesignoptimization ，簡稱mdo ）為應用背景，針對航天裝備衛星系統設計中存在大量離散和整數設計變量、設計空間非凸和不連通、具有多個局部最優點等特點和現有mdo方法過程難以處理離散和整數變量、對復雜設計空間非常敏感、易於陷入局部最優、不能有效處理多目標等缺陷，採用協同進化的思想，系統地進行基於分解協調的mdo方法研究。It has also been demonstrated that sos response dependent accumulation of mutation during replication of dna that has not been attacked by exogenous dna damaging factors can be seen in challenged cells, termed as sos untargeted mutation
而在出現sos反應的細胞中還觀察到了在復制過程中的產生的、發生在沒有外源損傷dna上的突變事件，被稱為sos非定標性突變。Regarding aviation security measures of hong kong international airport ( hkia ), civil aviation department ( cad ) performs the role of the regulator by conducting audit inspections to ensure that the aviation security measures are performed up to the required standard, and the enhancement measures are kept pace with evolving international standards and changing needs of the hkia
在香港國際機場（下文簡稱「機場」 ）航空保安措施方面，民航處是擔任監管的工作，透過查核以確保航空保安措施符合規定的標準，並因應不時修訂的國際標準和機場需求的轉變，加強有關措施。Then we also study the effect of string on the dynamical characteristic under the symmetric load and not under the symmetric load as the prestressing is the key making beam string structure the balanceatie system, having large rigidity and embodying the superiority of dynamical characteristic of this structure, this paper studies and conceives how to deteimine the number of the prestressing in each stage of construction and through comparing between the plan of onetime and repeated pulling construction choose the suitable pulling construction plan
並且本文還研究了在對稱荷載和不對稱荷載兩種工況下，結構的受力性能隨豎向撐桿數目、結構垂跨比以及下弦索預應力等參數改變時的變化情況，總結出該結構受力方面的特徵，為實際工程設計提供依據。鑒于預應力是使張弦梁結構形成自平衡體系、具備較大剛度和體現結構性能優勢的關鍵，本文研究和探討了結構施工各階段該預應力大小的確定方法，通過一次張拉與二次張拉方案各項指標的比較，選擇適當的預應力張拉施工方案。The proposed algorithms have good performances. some improvement on the gvf snake algorithm is presented to solve the problem of gvf snake ' s inability to converge to the rough contour of the brain. a variable vector field is designed and the constraint parameters of the gvf field is made adaptable to the target object features
本文的研究工作主要包括以下幾個方面：針對gvfsnake演算法提取腦輪廓時不能很好的收斂于光滑性差的腦輪廓的問題，對gvfsnake演算法進行了改進，構建了一動態變化矢量場，把gvf場的約束權值設為隨目標特徵自適應變化，從而提出了一種新的演算法，稱之為agvf （ adaptablegradientvectorflow ） snake 。分享友人