Abstract : soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad - leaved / korean pine forest ( mountain dark brown forest soil ), dark coniferous forest ( mountain brown coniferous forest soil ) and erman ' s birch forest ( mountain soddy forest soil ) in changbai mountain in september 2001. the soil water content was adjusted to five different levels ( 9, 21, 30, 37 and 43 ) by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders, and the soil sample was incubated at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 for 24 h the results indicated that in broad - leaved / korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35. soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21 to 37, while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range. the result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration. there were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types. the soil respiration rate was highest in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, middle in erman ' s birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest. the optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35 and 37 in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, 25 and 21 in dark coniferous forest, and 35 and 37 in erman ' s birch forest. because the forests of broad - leaved / korean pine, dark coniferous and erman ' s birch are distributed at different altitudes, the soil temperature had 4 - 5 variation in different forest types during the same period. thus, the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil
文摘:為了研究土壤溫度和土壤含水量對闊葉紅松林(山地暗棕壤) 、雲冷杉暗針葉林(山地棕針葉林土壤)和岳
樺林(生草森林土)的土壤呼吸的影響,於2001年9月在長白山進行了土壤實驗.利用增加土壤樣柱的含水量,將土壤含水量分為9 , 、 21 、 30 、 37和43 5個等級,土壤樣品分別在0 、 5 、 15 、 25和35的溫度下保持24小時.闊葉紅松林土壤在0 ( 35范圍內,土壤呼吸速率與溫度呈正相關.在一定的含水量范圍內( 21 ( 37 ) ,土壤呼吸隨含水量的增加而升高,當含水量超出該范圍,土壤呼吸速率則隨含水量的變化而降低.土壤溫度和水分對土壤呼吸作用存在明顯的交互作用.不同森林類型土壤呼吸作用強弱存在顯著差異,大小順序為闊葉紅松林>岳
樺林>雲冷杉暗針葉林.紅松闊葉林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是土壤溫度35 ,含水量37 ;雲冷杉暗針葉林下的山地棕
色針葉土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是25 , 21 ;岳
樺林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是35 ,含水量37 .但是,由於長白山闊葉紅松林,雲冷杉林和岳
樺林處在不同的海拔帶上,同期不同森林類型土壤溫度各不相同,相差4 ~ 5 ,所以野外所測的同期的山地棕
色針葉林土呼吸速率應低於暗棕
色森林土呼吸速率,山地生草森林土呼吸速率應高於山地棕
色針葉林土的呼吸速率.圖2表1參25
Soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad - leaved / korean pine forest ( mountain dark brown forest soil ), dark coniferous forest ( mountain brown coniferous forest soil ) and ermans birch forest ( mountain soddy forest soil ) in changbai mountain in september 2001. the soil water content was adjusted to five different levels ( 9, 21, 30, 37 and 43 ) by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders, and the soil sample was incubated at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 for 24 h the results indicated that in broad - leaved / korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35. soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21 to 37, while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range. the result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration. there were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types. the soil respiration rate was highest in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, middle in ermans birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest. the optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35 and 37 in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, 25 and 21 in dark coniferous forest, and 35 and 37 in ermans birch forest. because the forests of broad - leaved / korean pine, dark coniferous and ermans birch are distributed at different altitudes, the soil temperature had 4 - 5 variation in different forest types during the same period. thus, the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil
為了研究土壤溫度和土壤含水量對闊葉紅松林(山地暗棕壤) 、雲冷杉暗針葉林(山地棕針葉林土壤)和岳
樺林(生草森林土)的土壤呼吸的影響,於2001年9月在長白山進行了土壤實驗.利用增加土壤樣柱的含水量,將土壤含水量分為9 , 、 21 、 30 、 37和43 5個等級,土壤樣品分別在0 、 5 、 15 、 25和35的溫度下保持24小時.闊葉紅松林土壤在0 ( 35范圍內,土壤呼吸速率與溫度呈正相關.在一定的含水量范圍內( 21 ( 37 ) ,土壤呼吸隨含水量的增加而升高,當含水量超出該范圍,土壤呼吸速率則隨含水量的變化而降低.土壤溫度和水分對土壤呼吸作用存在明顯的交互作用.不同森林類型土壤呼吸作用強弱存在顯著差異,大小順序為闊葉紅松林>岳
樺林>雲冷杉暗針葉林.紅松闊葉林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是土壤溫度35 ,含水量37 ;雲冷杉暗針葉林下的山地棕
色針葉土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是25 , 21 ;岳
樺林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是35 ,含水量37 .但是,由於長白山闊葉紅松林,雲冷杉林和岳
樺林處在不同的海拔帶上,同期不同森林類型土壤溫度各不相同,相差4 ~ 5 ,所以野外所測的同期的山地棕
色針葉林土呼吸速率應低於暗棕
色森林土呼吸速率,山地生草森林土呼吸速率應高於山地棕
色針葉林土的呼吸速率.圖2表1參25
Under the hoarfrost the slightest twig of birches is white
在霜下
樺樹的最輕微的枝是白
色的。
I take in the dock - green porch swing, the birch2 - leg table, the twin bed where my sister sleeps, the smoky gloss3 of the kerosene4 lantern
我欣賞著草綠
色的門廊鞦韆、白
樺木腿的桌子、姐姐睡的成對單人床,還有那被煙熏暗的煤油燈。
The reality wood flat floor takes wood assortments such as birch, oak wood, elm, color wood as raw material
實木平板地板以
樺木、柞木、榆木、
色木等材種為原材料。
Imitate the old floor in the style of the ancients : adopt wood assortments such as birch, oak wood, color wood, elm to be base material, by that the manpower surface plane is sure to process the roughness handling the different in soaking various colour and lustre of forest paint, reaching
仿古仿舊地板:採用
樺木、柞木、
色木、榆木等材種為基材,經人工表面刨切加工處理在浸林各種
色澤不同的油漆,達到凹凸不平。
On the literary features of shirakabaha and siganaoya
論白
樺派與志賀直哉作品的文學特
色
The radiant oranges of a monarch butterfly ' s wings alert hungry predators that those insects are poison
大
樺斑蝶翅上的鮮?橘紅
色,對于饑餓的獵食者具有警告的作用:這個昆蟲有毒。
He sat on by the cheerful firelight thrown from a bundle of green ash - sticks laid across the dogs ; the sticks snapped pleasantly, and hissed out bubbles of sap from their ends. when she came back she was herself again
他坐在壁爐的旁邊,在壁爐里薪架上,燃燒著一堆綠
色的
樺樹枝,上面閃耀著歡樂的火苗樹枝燒得劈劈啪啪地直響,樹枝的端頭燒得冒出了白沫。
For children, who don ' t behave well, a golden birch is placed next to the sweets, a symbol for spanking1
然而,對于那些不聽話的孩子,他們會發現在糖果的旁邊還擺放著一根金
色的體罰用的
樺樹條。
Warmed by the spring sunshine he sat in the carriage, looking at the first grass, the first birch leaves and the first flecks of white spring clouds floating over the bright blue of the sky
他坐在四輪馬車上,曬曬初春的太陽,不時地望望最早放青的野草,最先出現的白
樺樹葉和一團團在明朗的蔚藍
色的天空中飄浮的初春的白雲。
The compound flat floor takes material such as birch, oak wood, color wood, elm as base material, high performance, not contracting, not becoming deformed by that tu is sticky, the cold pressing, working procedure such as opening a tenon, drenching lacquer process but are accomplished, effect is small to the ambient temperature, the stability is good
復合平板地板以
樺木、柞木、
色木、榆木等材料為基材,經塗膠、冷壓、開榫、淋漆等工序加工而成,性能優良,不收縮,不變形,對環境溫度影響小,穩定性好。
European birch with silvery white peeling bark and markedly drooping branches
歐洲的一種樺樹,有銀白色脫落樹皮和下垂的枝條。