次序公理 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [cìxùgōnglǐ]
次序公理
英文
axioms of order-
And the deficiencies are pointed out in present researches, such as highway capacity, level - of - service, influence factor of road alignments, etc. from these, it has confirmed that the thesis should be studied from rational analysis, quantitative analysis of level - of - service, impact on capacity of road alignments, setting - up simulation model, etc. the high - accuracy gps dynamic data acquisition appearance is proposed to be used for the first time to carry on the experiment of overtaking on two - lane highways, and experiment scheme is designed according to the driver ' s perceive to judge each overtaking course. based on the experiment data, it can get two important parameters of acceptant gap ? the critical gap of overtakable time headway and returnable time headway through data processing, which can offer the strong support to the research of two - lane highway capacity with qualitative and quantitative analysis. besides, the experiment methods is provided to observe overtaking ratio and to measure the
研究中首次提出了運用高精度gps動態數據採集儀對雙車道公路上的超車行為進行觀測，設計了根據駕駛員感受度來衡量超車過程的實驗方案，並通過後期數據處理得到了超車過程中兩個重要的可接受間隙參數-可超車車頭時距和可回車車頭時距的臨界間隙值，為定性和定量分析雙車道公路通行能力提供有力的數據支持;同時，還提出了觀測超車率的實驗方法以及測量加速度干擾的實驗方案，統一了計算加速度干擾的時間統計間隔，為雙車道公路的服務水平量化研究奠定基礎;最後還簡單介紹了駕駛員問卷調查法和模擬程序中模型參數標定和驗證的數據採集方法。The research of the thesis shows : optimize theory describes and makes the target as model, array, level, and deals with every scheme that determines the nature and quantitative factor chosen in unison that appraised, its result is objective, true, reliable, can plan making policy to offer scientific basis finally of overall arrangement for the route of the highway ; the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation assessment is simple, clear, practical, can make more factors participated in judging, and overcome the subjective and random that existed when chosen the route scheme ; level analytic approach promises high grade highway route overall arrangement scheme judge and carries out the tr ansition to from single factor index multifactor synthesis of index judge, and the result is convincible
論文研究表明：優化理論將描述與評價的對象模型化、序列化、層次化，並統一處理各方案比選中的定性與定量因素，其結果客觀、真實、可靠，能為公路路線規劃布局的最終決策提供科學依據；模糊綜合評判方法簡單、清晰、實用，能使更多的因素參與評判，克服了路線方案選擇時存在的主觀隨意性；層次分析法做到高等級公路路線布局方案由單因素指標評判過渡到多因素指標的綜合評判，結果具有說服力。Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law
再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。The traditional only water craft with difficulty satisfies the production qualified drinking water the request. in view of yueyang running water company factory water quality, we used the thick nitric, the hypochlorous acid and the ammonia water have carried on the modification to the activated charcoal surface. state clearly studied the factor the influence to study the superficial modification to the activated charcoal adsorption trichloro alkane performance
針對岳陽市自來水公司一水廠的出水水質和現行處理工藝，建議增加一道活性炭吸附除有機物工序，採用濃硝酸、次氯酸和氨水對活性炭的表面進行了改性。研究了表面改性對活性炭吸附三氯甲烷的性能影響。The implementation of this system for more man ten years clearly shows that the multi - channel institution of retrial does not produce the desired effects. the present retrial system modelled itself mainly on that of the former soviet union, its operation in china gives rise to more state intervention than individual disposal, more layman recognised truth than truth recognised by law, seeking justice in substantial law more than legal procedure, and finally brings about " numerous applicants, unlimited lapse of time, high frequency, confused jurisdiction, unmethodical causes of action "
現行民訴法實施十多年的司法實踐表明發動再審程序主體的多元性並沒有產生預期的效果，由於現行的民事再審主要是參照前蘇聯模式，在再審程序的啟動上，強調國家干預權，忽視當事人處分權；在事實認定上，追求客觀真實，忽視法律真實；在糾錯上，注重實體公正，忽視程序公正；從而導致在實際操作中出現了啟動再審的「主體無限、時間無限、次數無限、審級無限、理由或條件無限」的不良現象。Chapter one foreword is to introduce subject source, research object, meaning, domestic and international development trends, the study way and technological route, etc. ; chapter two theory part is to recommend public financial theory, the budget theory of government, the appraisal theory of government performance, etc. ; chapter three gives a full explanation which project should be regarded as the project appropriation budget for maritime affairs ; chapter four includes two respect contents of the project appropriation budget of maritime affairs : to verify and to manage the project appropriation budget in an order ; chapter five is a study to the appraisal method of the project appropriation budget of unit of maritime affairs, structuring the mode of two delphi and giving an example to the equipment purchase project ; the last chapter has summarized the questions that should be paid attention to while appraising the appropriation budget of the project, and probed int o the development trend of appropriation budget of project
第1章引言，主要介紹課題來源、研究對象、意義、國內外發展動態、研究方式及技術路線等；第2章理論部分，介紹公共財政理論、政府預算理論、政府績效評價理論等；第3章詳細說明了海事單位哪些可以作為項目支出預算；第4章海事單位項目支出預算入庫管理包括兩方面內容：入庫審核和排序；第5章海事單位項目支出預算評價方法研究，構建了兩次專家調查法模式，結合設備購置項目加以說明；最後一章總結了在項目支出預算評價中應注意的問題，並探討了項目支出預算工作的發展趨勢。First, using strip - partitoning method and programming in matlab language, the numerical caculations of the relation curve between moment and curvature are done for the beams strengthened with non - prestressed and pretressed cfrp sheets, base on the assumption of plane section, non - bonding slip and non - peeled destroy. secondly, nolinear finite elemeant analysis by ansys are done for the beams strengthened with prestressed cfrp sheets base on the three assumptions before mentioned, the analysis are all done for the relation curve between load and displacement, the distribution of material stress, the distribution of cracks. lastly, calculation formula of flexural capacity and deflection are proposed
）的全過程關系曲線。其次基於上面的三個假定，選擇合理的本構關系，利用ansys通用有限元分析程序對預應力碳纖維布加固梁進行非線性有限元分析，分析了加固梁的荷載-撓度關系、材料的應力情況、裂縫的分佈情況等。最後提出了承載力計算公式和正常使用狀態下撓度計算公式。This transition is one of the most important diplomatic practices in the present international relationship. it initiated the new security strategy featuring mutual trust, disarmament and cooperative security, and enriched the new type of national relationship of the non - alignment partnership initiated by russia, and provided a new area - cooperative system featured by mutual participation, security first, mutual benefit and cooperation. the " shanghai spirit " featuring as " mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation and multi - civilization respect and " has great importance in improving the establishment of a new just and fair international political and economical order
這一進程是當代國際關系中一次重要的外交實踐，它首創了以相互信任、裁軍與合作安全為內涵的新型安全觀，豐富了山中俄兩國始創的以結伴而不結盟為核心的新型國家關系，提供了以大小國共同倡導、安全先行、互利和合作為特徵的新型區域合作模式，它所培育出來的互信、互利、平等、協商，尊重多樣文明，謀求共同發展的「上海精神」 ，對推動建立公正合理的國際政治經濟新秩序具有重要的現實意義。Thirdly, the author makes it clear that " civil public interest litigation " will be established in two ways : suit by prosecutor and by individual, and analyses them in general. last but not the lest, the article tries to give some analysis of concrete aspects in " civil public interest litigation ", which is divided in fore parts : the fundamental way to build it, the clarity of cases permitted to such litigation, the pre - trial procedures and rational rules on legal costs
首先明確民事公益訴訟的原告資格問題，認為包括檢察機關和個人;其次探討民事公益訴權的問題，從檢察機關和個人起訴兩方面討論了這種權利的理論差茹出;再次從宏觀角度論述了民事公益訴訟的兩種外在形式:公訴與私訴並存的機制，並且簡要分析了各自的相應內容;最後從四個方面探討了民事公益訴訟的幾個具體程序問題。Fisrt, this paper dissertates the necessities and feasibilities for establishing and implementing ims theoretically. second, it resreachs the problems in the process of establishing and implementing ims, and list the planning and designing moughtway for 5th engineering corporation of china railway 20 bureau group. meanwhile, it provides some suggestions for key steps of establishing and implementing an ims. for example, orgnazational improment, training implementation, initial review, development of managerial principal and goals, and compilation of procedural documents. after that, this paper designs a set of evaluation indicators on the basis of pdca., and put forwards evaluation method and process for the effectiveness of an ims. last, it also makes some concrete proposals vs possible difficulties in the process of performimg an integrated management system, for the continual improvement of the corporation ' s ims
本文首先從理論上分析了建立與實施一體化管理體系的必要性和可行性；其次，對中鐵二十局集團五公司質量、環境和職業健康安全一體化管理體系的建立與實施問題進行了研究，給出了該公司建立與實施一體化管理體系的策劃和設計思路，同時就建立與實施過程中的重點問題進行了研究，如組織機構的優化、貫標培訓的實施、初始評審的實施、管理方針的確定、管理目標的設定以及程序文件的編制等；然後，設計了基於pdca （策劃、實施、檢查、處置）模式的一體化管理體系有效性評價指標體系，給出對五公司一體化管理體系有效性進行評價的方法和過程；最後，分析了一體化管理體系運行過程中可能遇到的問題，並給出中鐵二十局集團五公司一體化管理體系持續運行的具體建議。The fraud exception of l / c is a source of the principle of independence and abstraction and the rule of strict compliance flaw, essentially complementary and contrary to the principle of independence and abstraction and the rule of strict compliance on condition that we insist on these. the rationale behind the fraud exception of l / c may divide into two levels : the first level is " reservation of public order ". the second level is " the good faith principle ", " the fair principle ", " the security principle " and " the efficiency principle "
信用證欺詐例外源於信用證獨立抽象原則及嚴格相符原則的制度缺陷，是在堅持信用證獨立抽象原則及嚴格相符原則前提下對其的必要否定和補充，其理論根據可分為兩個層次:第一層次為「公共秩序保留」 ，第二層次為「誠實信用原則」 、 「公平原則」 、 「安全原則」和「效率原則」 。In this thesis, after analyzing corporate capital, corporate capital system, the advantage and disadvantage of three kinds of corporate systems, the author used methods such as “ the law of barrel ”, “ cost - benefit ”, mathematics equation and so on with innovation to analyze three principles of corporate capital ( confirming, maintaining and unchanging ) and the applying effects of three corporate capital systems in different social environments. it is found that statutory capital system is favorable to increase the cost of setting up and running a company, to prevent some one with bad intention from corporate economical deception and upsetting the social economic order. but with the completion of the relevant social systems, the cost of corporate economical deception is increased ; the events of corporate economical deception and the destruction influence can be lowered down
本文在分析公司資本、公司資本制度內涵及三種資本制度優缺點的前提下，創新地運用經濟學的「木桶原則」 、 「成本?效益」和數學方程式等方法，分析公司資本的確定、維持、不變三原則和三種資本制度對不同社會環境的適用效果后，認為法定資本制有利提高設立、運營公司的成本，阻止一部分惡意人員利用公司進行經濟詐欺，擾亂社會經濟秩序，但隨著相關社會制度體系的完善，相關制度體系提高了惡意人員利用公司經濟詐欺的成本，減少了經濟詐欺的行為與損害後果，這時，法定資本制度保持原有設立、運營公司的高門檻就顯得不合理，其阻礙社會資本進入公司發展的副作用就突出了;而折衷、授權資本制對公司設立、運營的成本依次降低，更有利於公司吸收社會資本發揮經濟推動作用。In chapter 7, we use break dark mathematics to establish a quantitative evaluating model of corporate governance culture and investigate empirically corporate governance culture of our country, the relation between corporate governance culture and performances. based on the establishment of evaluation index system, we evaluate chinese corporate governance culture
在因子分析的基礎上，首先運用moody次序圖並藉助突變多準則評價法完成量化過程，建立了公司治理文化評價指數、公司治理文化指數以及公司治理文化強度等評價指標。It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason
論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。The adaptive thin groupware recognition system this paper illustratored uses the machine vision inspection technology, uses the professional optics image and advanced ccd electron photograph technology to get image, puts some process arithmetic on image through computer to complete its mission, and can recognise the unqualified assemble production having the problem of assembleing less and more hardware or the wrong assemble order. the recognition system is put into use in one mechanical factory in ningbo city, zhejiang province
本課題所研究的薄形組合件自適應識別系統，運用機器視覺檢測技術、光學成像技術和ccd電子攝像技術，通過圖像處理和分析實現對薄型組合件裝配過程的檢測，有效地解決了裝配過程中出現的多裝、漏裝和安裝次序錯誤等問題。該檢測系統在寧波某機械公司得以應用，滿足了工廠各項檢測精度的要求。The insurance company has an everyplace access application that sends an intelligent notification services alert to the adjuster to indicate that he has been assigned a new claim
保險公司的everyplace access應用程序向該理賠師發送智能通知服務警報，以指出已向他分配首次理賠。This paper using maplnfo geographic information system tool, ms access database system and vb programming language, combining plentiful professional knowledge, through integrated second development, deeply analyses processing technology of several typical urban road traffic information in gis, designs and realizes data write, data maintenance, data inquire, analyse and process, data print and so on, processes spatial data and attribute data of urban road traffic information correlative, and according to the need of geographical information system, divides all the urban traffic management business into four systems, include traffic basic facilities management system, public transit management system, traffic survey management system, traffic order management system, every system has several sub - systems, thus dctailizc urban road traffic management business
本文選擇mapinfo地理信息系統作為開發平臺，結合microsoftaccess數據庫工具和visualbasic編程語言，利用豐富的專家知識，經過集成二次開發，深入分析了幾種典型城市道路交通信息在地理信息數據庫中的處理技術，設計和實現了數據錄入、數據維護、數據查詢、分析處理、數據輸出等功能，對道路交通信息的空間數據和屬性數據進行了一一對應的處理。並進一步提出將公安交通管理全部業務按信息化系統的需要劃分為：交通基礎設施管理系統、公共交通管理系統、交通調查管理系統、交通秩序管理系統四個系統，每個系統下面分為若干子系統，從而細化了城市道路交通管理的業務。Guideline on specific consent to use banking names and descriptions a guideline recently issued by the monetary authority on the use of the word " bank " or the letters " b " a " n " k " by non - bank companies in their names or descriptions of businesses in hong kong. the
給予使用銀行名稱或稱謂特定同意的指引金融管理專員最近就非銀行公司在本港經營業務時使用包含"一字或銀行一詞或以" 」此次序排列字母的名稱或稱謂發出的指引。The theory and practice of urban transport network and hinge planning is the very important partion of urban transport planning. how to plan the theory and practice of urban transport network and hinge has been being the research focus in urban planning fields. urban transport planning is based on the strategic idea of urban planning. the aim of urban transport planning can satisfy the demand of society and confirm these direction. which compose the developmental strategic, the aim, level of servings, the structure and capability of transportation network, the order of basic building, ect
城市公共交通線網、樞紐規劃的理論和實踐是城市交通規劃的重要組成部分，是確定城市道路交通建設規劃布局、網路容量、主要幹道及換乘樞紐的重要依據。城市交通規劃是在城市總體規劃戰略思想指導下進行的，其目標在於確定合理科學的城市交通的戰略發展策略與方向、發展目標、服務水平、道路交通網路的合理結構與容量以及城市道路交通基礎設施建設項目的優先實施次序等，以適應和滿足城市社會經濟發展和人民生活水平提高的需要。Then, the article explores respectively the justifications and applications of both substantive priority rules and conflict priority rules provided in the convention. it is pointed out that such priority rules characterized by publicity and predictability could fundamentally helps to avoid conflicts of rights between the assignor and third parties, as well as establish a standard to determine priority between competing claimants. finally, the article advocates that ‘ substantive priority rules based on registration ’ and ‘ conflict priority rules that the law of the assignor ’ s residence governs effects of assignment toward third parties ’ should be established in china
文章綜合運用歷史研究方法、比較研究方法和價值分析方法，在簡要介紹國際貿易應收款轉讓特點的基礎上，分析了優先權規則形成的背景，繼而分別闡述了《公約》中優先權實體規范和沖突規范的理論基礎和運作機制，指出公示性和可預見性是《公約》優先權規則的兩項基本原則，其不僅提供了決定受讓人和第三人受償次序的標準，更重要的是有助於從根本上預防權利沖突的發生，據此，文章提出完善我國優先權規則的建議，認為我國應當確立「以轉讓登記時間為準」的優先權實體規范和「轉讓對第三人的效力適用轉讓人住所地法」的優先權沖突規范。分享友人