次質權人 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [cìzhíquánrén]
次質權人
英文
subsequent mortgagee-
After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc
研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。Second, the writer discusses the theoretical orientation of the mortagage of presold merchandise buildings, pointing out that the mortagage of presold merchandise buildings is a kind of droit mortagage based on the expectant ownshipo since the buildings have not been constructed yet when they are mortagaged, the mortgagers ( eg. the buyers ) have not had the ownership of the buildings but have the expectant ownship of the buildings. the buyers have the right to request the ownship of the buildings from the builders, the preselling registered system make the droit has the character of the ownship so this expectant ownship can be mortagaged
其次，本文探討了預售商品房抵押的理論定位，指出預售商品房抵押是在物權性的期待權上設定的權利抵押。由於抵押時預售商品房尚未建成，抵押人（預購人）尚不享有預售房的所有權，只是享有預售商品房所有權期待權。該期待權的性質本是請求開發商交付房屋的債權，但由於預告登記制度的建立，使其具有物權性質。On the one hand, it points out the socialized company results in the separation of rights for management and rights for possession and the separation of material capital and labor capital. thus, there rises the relationship of appointed agencies and the interior power shifts, which lead to the moral risk for the management of a company
指出公司社會化導致「經營權與所有權」 、 「物質資本與人力資本」的分離，形成委託代理關系，公司內部權力重心的兩次轉移導致了「內部人控制」局面，產生了公司經營的道德風險。On the procedure hand, i hold : the creditor brings a suit as plaintiff because he has the benefit of the suit ; the first debtor does not have to take part in the suit, if he does, the identity is determined subject to the concrete situation ; if the debtor brings a subrogation suit, the first debtor can not bring the suit based on the same debt ; the debt that the creditor subrogates should be a whole one ; the jurisdiction of subrogation is normal district jurisdiction, etc. following that, i bring out my own imagine about the foundation of subrogation rights of debtor system
在程序法方面，筆者認為：債權人基於訴的利益而作為原告提起代位權訴訟，主債務人無必要必須參加訴訟，如參加，也應根據案件的具體情況及當事人的不同權利主張，確定其訴訟地位；債權人提起代位權訴訟后，主債務人就該代位權行使范圍內所享有的訴權自行消滅；債權人可代位行使的債權應以完整債權為限；代位權訴訟標的只限於債權人以自己名義對次債務人主張之權利；代位權訴訟之管轄實質上是一種一般地域管轄。Section i mainly probes into the questions of the conception, nature, characteristics of the mortgage and the classification and variety of mortgage as well. while in section ii, the paper particularly analyzes the questions of the acquiring approach of mortgage, the parties to the mortgage contract, the target objects of mortgage contract, the prescription and content of mortgage contract, mortgage registration, the organizations of mortgage registration, the procedures of mortgage registration, etc. and section iii mainly illustrates the questions of the scope of creditor ' s rights of mortgage guarantee, the scope of target objects connected with the effect of mortgage, the party ' s rights and obligations in mortgage affairs ; the relationship between mortgage and guarantee, the conflicts between mortgage and other real rights granted by way of security
第一部分主要就抵押權及抵押的概念、性質、特徵、抵押權的分類、種類等問題進行了探討；第二部分著重分析了抵押權的獲得方式、抵押合同的當事人、抵押合同的標的物、抵押合同的訂立、內容，抵押登記、抵押登記機關、抵押登記程序；第三部分闡述了抵押擔保的債權的范圍，抵押權效力所及的標的物的范圍，抵押關系中當事人的權利義務，抵押與保證的關系，抵押權與其他擔保物權的競合，抵押權的處分；第四部分探討了抵押權的實現條件，抵押權的實現途徑，抵押權的實現方式，抵押權實現的限制，抵押權的次序，抵押權的消滅；第五部分重點研究了權利抵押權、最高額抵押權中的若干問題。To explore and make clear the background factor of the behaviors, the dynamic relationship and cause - effect relationship between organizational politics perceptions and consequential behaviors. this paper, based on the five theories related to power at different levels, personal perspective, strategy contingency theory, social exchange theory and structural theory. there appear several problems in the development of key disciplines and processes of crossing and assimilating of subjects, including system tie, the character of scientists, the problem of administers, which influence the development and construction of subject, through abstracting, summarizing and based on “ swot ” analytical model from the theory strategic competition by michael baud, we divide organizational politics behaviors in the organizational development of college subjects and crossing and assimilating of subjects into several sorts : including ( 1 ) offensive model ( 2 ) defensive model ( 3 ) strengthening model ( 4 ) shrinking model
為探索和理清重點學科組織政治行為的背景因素，組織政治知覺與后續產生的組織政治行為的動態關聯性與因果關系，本研究以五種不同層次與權力相關的理論，即個人特質理論觀點（ personalperspective ） ;策略權變理論觀點（ strategycontingencytheory ） ;沖突理論觀點（ conflicttheory ） ;社會交換理論觀點（ socialexchangytheory ） ;結構化理論觀點（ structurationtheory ）為基本理論依據，將重點學科學科發展以及學科交叉與融合過程中出現的諸如體制束縛、科學家自身素質、管理層問題等影響學科建設與發展的共性現象進行提煉、總結，並依據「邁克爾?波特」的戰略競爭理論學說中的「 swot 」分析模型，將大學學科組織發展及學科交叉與融合中存在的組織政治行為進行提練歸類，分為（ 1 ）進攻型; （ 2 ）防守型; （ 3 ）增強型; （ 4 ）退縮型四類政治行為。To establish service quality management system to make quality to be controlled in every layer, set up quality inspection organization organ with guiding team of project leader, technicians, team leader to perfect quality obligation system of every layer management staff to ensure authority to be divided and carried out
建立服務質量管理制度，使質量得以各層次控制，成立以項目負責人帶頭，技術員、班組長為領導班子的質量檢查組織機構，完善各級管理人員的質量責任制，確保職權分工落實。On the basis of forecast model of traffic volume discussing, the mathematic model for the basic parts of road overpass was built up through the research on main mathematical model which suit for overpass in four - stage forecast method. according to the properties and the requirements of the user, by working on the service level, the standard of service level has been defined. the adaptability index of traffic for road overpass was put forward and an adaptability index of traffic system was established
本文系統研究了道路立體交叉的類型，從不同角度對立交類型進行了劃分，在詳細論述立交交通量預測模型的基礎上，針對四階段預測法中適合立交特點的主要數學模型做了深入研究，建立了道路立交各基本組成部分通行能力的數學模型，並按照立交的性質及人們對立交的要求，對立交服務水平進了研究，確立了道路立交的服務水平標準，提出了道路立交交通適應性指標，建立了道路立交適應性指標體系，並由多人層次分析法確定了各指標的相對權重。First, the author discusses in details the conditions to win in the subrogating action, that is the foundation of subrogating rights, in four aspects from the viewpoint of should - be, and makes suggestions to revise article 11 and article 13 of the interpretation of contract code on the basis of evaluation and analysis on them, then, the author discusses the problems regarding to jurisdiction, holding that the jurisdiction stipulated in article 14 of the interpretation of contract code is a general regional jurisdiction in nature, the debtor and the secondary debtor cannot conclude agreements on jurisdiction and the arbitrational clause between them cannot prevent the creditor from putting forward a subrogating action
首先，從應然角度對代位訴訟勝訴的條件之一? ?代位權的成就從四個方面作了詳細論述，並對《合同法解釋》第11條、第13條作了評析，提出了修改建議。其次，討論了與管轄有關的問題。認為《合同法解釋》第14條規定的代位訴訟管轄性質是一般地域管轄；債權人和次債務人之間不能約定管轄；債務人和次債務人之間的仲裁條款不能阻卻債權人提起代位訴訟。Yet intellectual property ' s legal monopolization is a decisive factor of franchisor ' s right in restricting franchisee ' s activities in their contract to some extent. at the same time, franchise also involves three parties of franchisor, franchisee, and other relevant competitors and includes competitive relation in terms of the horizontal and vertical levels. besides, a franchisor tends to use his advantages to abuse his rights, restricting competition against the anti - monopoly law such as tied selling, resale price maintenance and regional restrictions, when he signs a contract with a franchisor
因為特許經營與壟斷專營有相似之處，在特許經營中，特許人（或稱特許權人）通過特許經營合同將其所擁有的商標、商號、專利或專有技術等使用權授予被特許人，這就涉及到知識產權、產品銷售權、技術技巧等的轉讓，而知識產權本身的合法壟斷性質決定了特許人在特許經營合同中有權對被特許人的活動進行一定的限制；同時，特許經營又涉及特許人、被特許人和其他相關競爭者，包含橫向、縱向兩個層次的競爭關系，特許人與被特許人簽訂特許經營合同時，極有可能利用其優勢地位濫用特許權，做出搭售、維持轉售價格、區域限制等與反壟斷法相抵觸的限制競爭行為。On the substance hand, i hold : subrogation rights of debtor is a kind of conditional and statutory content of creditor " s right ; it needs subjective and objective condition, for example, the first debtor ' s should be due, etc ; the result of exercising the subrogation is that the second debtor clears the debt to the first debtor not the creditor
在實體法方面，筆者認為：債權人代位權實質上是一種附一定條件的法定的債權權能，其構成應滿足一定的要件，其中包括主債務人能行使而不行使到期債權，債權人遭受了遲延履行的實際損害，其代位債權必須是非專屬于主債務人的既存的合法的財產性權利等，債權人代位權的行使結果是次債務人向主債務人清償債務，債權人不能獨占該財產以充抵自己的債權。The writer thinks : one concept should be use to express the various statuses of validity of contract brought from rescinding contract in part or whole ; at first, the right to decide whether to restore the original status belongs to parties of contract, then it belongs to judge or arbitrator, however, when decided, they should be bound by following actors : performance and character of contract, provisions in law, dealing security of a third, opinions of superior department, purpose of system of rescinding contract and principles of fairness and benefit, etc
本文認為，應使用「合同解除」一個概念表述合同效力部分或全部消滅的各種形態；合同解除是否溯及既往，首先是當事人的權利，其次是載判者的權力，但無論如何，都應受到如下因素的限制，即合同性質、履行狀態、法律規定、第三人的交易安全、主管部門的意見、合同解除的規范目的和公平與效率原則等。This paper analyzes the occurring of land conversion with burning theory, and points out that land conversion is results from population increase, resource endowment, economic development, farmland ' s low comparative economic benefit, unreasonable distribution of framland ' s income, vague land property right, shortsighted activities of local government, the first revolution of urban land use system and rapid urbanization
論文運用社會燃燒理論分析了農地非農化過程的發生，認為農地非農化是在「燃燒物質」人口增長、資源稟賦、經濟發展， 「助燃劑」農地比較經濟效益低、農地非農化收益分配不合理、土地產權、權能模糊和地方政府的短期行為， 「點火溫度」城市土地使用制度的第一次革命和快速城市化下共同作用的結果。Under the circumstance, the governmental department being in charge of the geology and mining presents the new method of administrating mineral resources, whose core is : the competitive system is introduced into the dispose of the mineral title, realizing paid transferring and establishing mineral administration system of the capitalization, hi august, 1996, the twenty - first meeting of the eighth standing committee of the national people ' s congress passed and promulgated the dec ision on modifying the law of mineral resource
在此狀況下，國家地質礦產主管部門提出管理礦產資源的新辦法，其核心是：在礦權配置中引入競爭機制，實現礦業權的有償轉讓或出讓，建立資產化的礦產管理體制。 1996年8月，八屆全國人大常委會第21次會議通過並公布了修改《礦產資源法》 （簡稱《礦法》 ）的決定。In fact, the government only deputies people to enforce the ownership. so, in the viewpoint of modern enterprises theory, the essence of the state - owned - enterprise problem lied in, form the whole people ownership to the real run of basic economic unit, it must via a multi - layer proxy. and in each layer, the agents and the principals must have efficient regulation mechanism to warrant the target of the principals
因此，從現代企業理論的角度看，國有企業問題的實質在於，從全體人民行使所有權到每個基層企業的實際運行之間要經過多層委託代理，每一層次的委託人與代理人之間都必須有有效的監管機制來保證委託人的目標，這正是基於委託代理機制的西方企業理論與轉軌經濟中的國有企業問題的「介面」所在。In addition to improving the flow and quality of information, fis provide financial or secondary claims to household savers
除了提高信息的流動與質量金融中間人還向儲戶們提供次要金融債權。The dissertation is unfolded as the following : firstly, makes an analysis on the present situation of the patent applying and patent management of chinese enterprises ; then makes an elaborate structural analysis on enterprise patent management both inside enterprise including the interaction among the inventor, the r & d department, the manufacturing and marketing department and the patent managing department and outside the enterprise including the relation that the technical enterprise has with the r & d institute, the financial market, the risk investing company ; finally gives the proposals to the improvement of patent management of chinese enterprises, that is to set up a patent management mechanism
內容根據題意逐層展開。首先，分析了國內企業專利數量少、質量低、專利管理滯后等現狀；其次，從企業內部和外部兩個方面探討企業專利管理問題：對企業內部，分析了研發人員、技術部門、生產營銷部門和專利主管機構之間的關系；對企業外部，分析了技術企業與高校、科研院所、金融市場、風險投資公司、技術交易市場及司法、行政部門的關系；再次，對上述關系中涉及的企業產權制度、風險投資機制和政府行為準則進行深入探討；最後，提出對策建議。However, to bear the first transfer ( sell, trade or included ) of the remaining years of right to use the land, the assignee shall satisfy the following requirements, which the assigner shall appraise : the assignee ' s actual asset investment amount in the agreed projects hereto this contract shall be up to no less than 40 % of the agreed total asset investment amount hereto this contract ( the assignee ' s actual asset investment amount shall be rated exclusively by evaluation of asset from eligible midium agency ), and shall not alter any agreed provisions concerning outlining as well as construction hereto this contract
但首次轉讓（包括出售、交換和贈與）剩餘年限土地使用權時，經出讓人認定，應當達到如下條件：即受讓人就本合同約定項目的實際固定資產投資額不低於合同約定的固定資產投資總額的40 % （受讓人實際固定資產投資額的確定以具有資質的中介機構出具的固定資產評估報告結果為準） ，且不得變更本合同約定的規劃及開工建設等條款。Whoever possesses advanced arms and high - qualitied military personnel will be able to control the war, which has been testified in the current hi - tech war
誰能擁有先進的武器以及高素質的軍事人才，誰就佔有戰爭主動權。這一真理在高技術戰爭時代再次得到驗證。Fighting against hegemonism is not only the natural requirement of socialism but also an important guarantee of the world peace. secondly, both maozedong and dengxiaoping insist on maintaining independence and keeping the initiative
反對霸權主義首先是社會主義的本質要求，其次，霸權主義是現代戰爭的根源，是對世界和平的主要威脅，爭取和平不僅是世界人民的需要，更是我國社會主義建設的現實需要。分享友人